本文關(guān)鍵詞： 雨水收集 最優(yōu)容積 綠地率 面積率 徑流控制率　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文根據(jù)西安市實(shí)際特征,選擇四種不同區(qū)域?yàn)檠芯繉?duì)象,并結(jié)合西安市降雨資料分別對(duì)四種不同情景下利用相關(guān)雨水收集設(shè)施進(jìn)行雨水收集時(shí)的雨水可收集利用量進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算,得到如下結(jié)論:1.以農(nóng)村單戶(hù)家庭進(jìn)行雨水收集利用時(shí),以蓄水池作為雨水收集利用設(shè)施,通過(guò)對(duì)西安市日降雨量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,建立日水量平衡模型,以家庭人口4人,集雨面積200m2的典型關(guān)中農(nóng)村單戶(hù)家庭為例,對(duì)其補(bǔ)給率和可靠性進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明雨水池的最優(yōu)容積為25m3。2.以建筑小區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,以綠地和雨水調(diào)蓄池進(jìn)行雨水收集利用。結(jié)果表明當(dāng)小區(qū)綠化率達(dá)到36%時(shí),僅靠綠地下滲小區(qū)徑流控制率即可達(dá)到80%。以占地4萬(wàn)m2,綠地率25%的建筑小區(qū)為例,雨水調(diào)蓄池的最優(yōu)容積為500m3,此時(shí)徑流控制率為86%。3.以西安市市政道路為研究對(duì)象,雨水收集利用設(shè)施采用下凹式綠地。結(jié)果表明,市政道路下凹綠地的蓄滲效率與綠地下凹深度、綠地寬度比等有關(guān),滲蓄效率隨下凹深度、綠地寬度比增加而增加。以西安市建成區(qū)道路面積為例,在市政道路綠地寬度比為30%,綠地全部下凹50mm的情況下,滲蓄率可以達(dá)到86.27%,平均每年可滲蓄約144萬(wàn)立方雨水。4.以生態(tài)停車(chē)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行雨水收集利用。不換土的情況下,下凹深度取h=5~15cm時(shí),要控制20mm的雨量,不同滲透系數(shù)下所需要的設(shè)施面積率為7%~30%;換土的情況下,下凹深度取h=5~15cm時(shí),要控制20mm的雨量,不同滲透系數(shù)下所需要的設(shè)施面積率為2%~18%。在不同面積率下,計(jì)算出西安市控制徑流量與控制率的關(guān)系,在控制降雨徑流量相同的情況下,面積率越大,對(duì)應(yīng)的控制率越高。以某一停車(chē)場(chǎng)為示例進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),措施面積率為4.8%,其結(jié)果表明控制降雨量為22mm,徑流控制率可達(dá)到81%。
[Abstract]:According to the actual characteristics of Xi'an city, this paper chooses four different regions as the research object. Combined with the rainfall data of Xi'an City, respectively, the collection and utilization amount of Rain Water collected by relevant Rain Water collection facilities under four different scenarios was analyzed and calculated, and the following conclusion was drawn: 1.The collection and utilization of Rain Water in rural single-family households were analyzed and calculated. Taking the reservoir as the collection and utilization facility of Rain Water, by analyzing the daily rainfall data in Xi'an, a daily water balance model is established. The typical Guanzhong rural single-family household with a household population of 4 people and a rainfall catchment area of 200 m2 is taken as an example. The results show that the optimal volume of Rain Water Pond is 25m3.2.The green space and Rain Water storage tank are used as the research objects. The results show that when the green rate of the area reaches 36m, The runoff control rate can reach 80 by using only green land infiltration plot. Taking the construction district with an area of 40,000 m2 and a green space rate of 25% as an example, the optimal volume of Rain Water storage pool is 500m3, and the runoff control rate is 86.3. taking Xi'an municipal road as the research object, Rain Water used concave green space to collect and utilize the facilities. The results showed that the storage efficiency of concave green land on municipal roads was related to the depth and width ratio of green space, and the efficiency of seepage and storage was accompanied by concave depth. Taking the road area of the built area of Xi'an city as an example, when the ratio of green space width of municipal road is 30, and the total green space is concave by 50 mm, The rate of infiltration and storage can reach 86.27, and the average annual storage capacity is about 1.44 million cubic Rain Water .4.The collection and utilization of Rain Water are carried out in an ecological parking lot. Without changing soil, the rainfall of 20mm should be controlled when the depth of the pit is taken at a depth of 5cm or 15cm. The required area rate of facilities under different permeability coefficients is 7 / 30. In the case of changing soil, the rainfall of 20mm should be controlled when the depth of the depression is 5 ~ 15cm, and the area ratio of the facilities required under different permeability coefficients is 2 / 18. Under different area rates, the rainfall of 20 mm should be controlled when the depth of the pit is taken at a depth of 5 ~ 15 cm. The relationship between the controlled runoff and the control rate in Xi'an is calculated. The larger the area rate is, the higher the corresponding control rate is when the rainfall runoff control is the same. Take a parking lot as an example to design, The measure area ratio is 4.8. The results show that the controlled rainfall is 22 mm and the runoff control rate can reach 81 mm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU992;TV213.9
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本文編號(hào)：1517499