【摘要】：注聚開采以其技術(shù)簡單、經(jīng)濟有效性高等特點,已成為海上油田高效開發(fā)的重要技術(shù)手段之一。隨著注聚規(guī)模的擴大及注入時間的延長,開采區(qū)油井堵塞現(xiàn)象日益凸顯,對注聚開采的總體效果造成不利影響。受限于平臺作業(yè)空間和篩管完井的完井方式,現(xiàn)有解堵技術(shù)雖取得一定效果,但措施有效期逐級變差。因此,本文提出過篩管壓裂增產(chǎn)技術(shù)體系,以破壞篩管的方式對目標層段實施壓裂充填,強化解堵效果,延長措施有效期。本文采用理論分析和數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法,對過篩管壓裂的主體工藝技術(shù)和配套工藝技術(shù)開展了研究,取得的成果及認識如下： (1)確立了以水力噴砂射孔的方式對篩管進行定點破壞,為后續(xù)壓裂增產(chǎn)措施提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的孔眼流道,采用計算流體力學基本方法對噴砂射流的流場進行數(shù)模研究,分析了射流速度和噴射間距對含砂射流流場分布的影響,為射流參數(shù)的優(yōu)化及合理選取提供參考。 (2)針對注聚區(qū)疏松砂巖油藏,從機理上論證了壓裂充填措施的防砂和增產(chǎn)效果,并從控支撐劑回流、控砂穩(wěn)砂的角度出發(fā),對過篩管壓裂工藝的配套技術(shù)開展了研究,確保措施增產(chǎn)效果的有效性。 (3)以統(tǒng)一壓裂設(shè)計為基本理論,同時結(jié)合壓裂充填的工藝特點,從裂縫縫高的準確預(yù)測和措施后支撐劑嵌入對縫寬的影響出發(fā),將統(tǒng)一壓裂設(shè)計方法進行適用性改進,為壓裂充填最佳裂縫尺寸的確定提供理論依據(jù)。 (4)綜合考慮疏松砂巖應(yīng)力敏感性和長期裂縫導流能力衰減,建立了油藏-裂縫滲流系統(tǒng)三維兩相數(shù)學模型,以裂縫參數(shù)一縫長、導流能力為切入點,對措施的增產(chǎn)潛能進行分析。結(jié)果表明,中高滲儲層壓裂充填后產(chǎn)量對縫長變化的敏感性較低,而對導流能力變化的敏感性較高。因此在過篩管壓裂中,采用支撐劑組合、尾追樹脂砂等工藝措施提高或保持裂縫導流能力,有利于提升增產(chǎn)潛能。 通過以上方面的研究,初步形成了過篩管壓裂增產(chǎn)技術(shù)體系,為注聚區(qū)疏松砂巖油藏篩管完井單井的解堵、增產(chǎn)、增注措施提供了新的實用技術(shù),為過篩管壓裂增產(chǎn)增注技術(shù)體系的后續(xù)優(yōu)化研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Because of its simple technology and high economic efficiency, polymer injection mining has become one of the important technical means for high efficiency development of offshore oil fields. With the expansion of polymer injection scale and the prolongation of injection time, the phenomenon of oil well blockage is becoming more and more prominent in the production area, which has an adverse effect on the overall effect of polymer injection production. Limited to the platform operation space and the completion mode of sieving tube completion, the existing plugging removal technology has achieved some results, but the effective period of the measures has become worse step by step. Therefore, this paper puts forward the technical system of over-sieve tube fracturing and increasing production, and carries out fracturing filling on the target zone by destroying the sieve tube, strengthening the effect of removing plugging and prolonging the effective period of the measures. By means of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the main technology and matching technology of over-sieve tube fracturing are studied in this paper. The achievements and understandings are as follows: (1) the fixed-point destruction of the sieve pipe by hydraulic sand blasting is established, which provides high-quality perforated passage for subsequent fracturing and increasing production measures. The basic method of computational fluid dynamics is used to study the flow field of sand blasting jet. The influence of jet velocity and jet spacing on the flow field distribution of sand jet is analyzed, which provides a reference for the optimization and reasonable selection of jet parameters. (2) in view of loose sandstone reservoir in polymer injection area, the effect of sand control and increase production of fracturing filling measures is demonstrated in mechanism. From the point of view of controlling proppant reflux and sand stabilization, the matching technology of over-sieve pipe fracturing technology is studied. Ensure the effectiveness of measures to increase production. (3) taking the unified fracturing design as the basic theory and combining the technological characteristics of the fracturing filling, based on the accurate prediction of the fracture height and the influence of proppant embedding on the fracture width, the applicability of the unified fracturing design method is improved. It provides a theoretical basis for determining the optimum fracture size of fracturing filling. (4) considering the stress sensitivity of loose sandstone and the attenuation of long-term fracture conductivity, a three-dimensional two-phase mathematical model of reservoir-fracture seepage system is established. The potentiality of the measures to increase production is analyzed. The results show that the yield of medium and high permeability reservoir after fracturing is less sensitive to the change of fracture length, but higher to the change of conductivity. Therefore, the adoption of proppant combination, tail pursuit of resin sand and other technological measures to improve or maintain the capacity of fracture conductivity in the fracturing of sieving pipe is beneficial to enhance the potential of increasing production. Through the above-mentioned research, the technology system of over-sieve tube fracturing and increasing production has been preliminarily formed, which provides a new practical technique for removing plugging, increasing production and increasing injection measures for single well completion in loose sandstone reservoir in polymer injection area. It lays a foundation for the follow-up optimization of the technology system of fracturing, increasing production and increasing injection of sieving tube.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357

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