【摘要】：隨著油氣儲量的變化,油氣田勘探開發(fā)已向深井、超深井和復(fù)雜井等方向發(fā)展,而深井、超深井固井中存在諸多問題,例如封固段長、上下溫差大、頂部水泥漿易出現(xiàn)超緩凝等。在固井施工中,常在水泥漿中添加緩凝劑等外加劑來解決上述問題。傳統(tǒng)緩凝劑目前仍存在一些的缺點,如適用溫度范圍窄、延緩低溫下水泥石強度發(fā)展等,影響固井質(zhì)量。針對上述固井中問題以及油井水泥緩凝劑所存在的缺陷,本文在已有聚合物類緩凝劑的基礎(chǔ)上,引入長鏈烷基單體設(shè)計設(shè)計合成了一種疏水締合水溶性聚合物緩凝劑。該聚合物以胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、衣康酸(IA)、丙烯酸(AA)、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺(DMAA)和具有長側(cè)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)的季銨鹽(DMAPMA-1-BD)為聚合單體,采用自由基水溶液聚合,合成了一種五元共聚物P(AMPS/IA/AA/DMAA/DMAPMA-1-BD),通過考察各反應(yīng)條件對聚合物性質(zhì)的影響,確定了該五元共聚物PAIADD的最佳合成條件。采用紅外光譜儀和核磁共振儀對聚合物結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明所有單體均已參與聚合反應(yīng),利用熱失重分析儀對聚合物的熱穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行測試,結(jié)果表明聚合物分子結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定,具有良好的耐熱性能。本文對緩凝劑PAIADD進(jìn)行水泥漿綜合性能進(jìn)行評價,結(jié)果表明其能明顯的改善水泥體系性能,在高溫條件下具有良好的緩凝性,在低溫條件下對水泥石的早期強度發(fā)展影響較小,一定溫度范圍內(nèi)初終凝時間幾乎不變。這表明聚合物的相關(guān)性能對溫度具有一定的響應(yīng)性,能夠適用于大溫差環(huán)境中,在長封固段固井中具有一定的應(yīng)用前景。此外利用掃描電鏡和X射線衍射儀對緩凝劑PAIADD的緩凝機(jī)理進(jìn)行探究,發(fā)現(xiàn)聚合物緩凝劑的作用機(jī)理為沉淀機(jī)理、鈣離子螯合機(jī)理以及成核機(jī)理中的一種或多種作用的結(jié)果,并且在不同溫度下其對水泥水化進(jìn)程的阻礙程度相似。本文還對聚合物性能的溫度響應(yīng)性行為進(jìn)行探究,流變測試、聚合物流體半徑測試以及熒光光譜測試結(jié)果表明聚合物分子中存在締合結(jié)構(gòu),并且這種結(jié)構(gòu)隨著溫度的變化而發(fā)生變化,這種行為對聚合物的絡(luò)合能力產(chǎn)生影響,即隨著溫度的升高,絡(luò)合能力增強,這一行為通過滴定實驗與紫外測試進(jìn)行的驗證。
[Abstract]:With the change of oil and gas reserves, exploration and development of oil and gas fields have developed to deep wells, ultra-deep wells and complex wells, and there are many problems in cementing in deep wells and ultra-deep wells, such as long sealing section and large temperature difference between upper and lower wells. The top cement slurry is easy to appear super-slow setting and so on. In cementing operation, additives such as retarder are often added to cement slurry to solve the above problems. There are still some shortcomings in the traditional retarder, such as narrow applicable temperature range, delaying the development of low-temperature mud and stone strength, and so on, which affect the cementing quality. In view of the problems mentioned above and the defects of oil well cement retarder, a hydrophobic associating water soluble polymer retarder was designed and synthesized by introducing long chain alkyl monomer on the basis of existing polymer retarder. (AA), N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) and quaternary ammonium salt (DMAPMA-1-BD) with long side chain structure were used as the monomers of the polymer, (AMPS), itaconic acid, (AA), N, N-dimethylacrylamide and ammonium salt (DMAPMA-1-BD) with long side chain structure. A quaternary copolymer P (AMPS/IA/AA/DMAA/DMAPMA-1-BD) was synthesized by free radical aqueous solution polymerization. The effects of reaction conditions on the properties of the copolymer were investigated, and the optimum synthesis conditions of the five-component copolymer PAIADD were determined. The structure of the polymer was characterized by IR spectrometer and NMR. The results showed that all the monomers were involved in the polymerization. The thermal stability of the polymer was tested by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the results showed that the molecular structure of the polymer was stable. It has good heat resistance. The comprehensive properties of cement slurry with retarder PAIADD are evaluated in this paper. The results show that it can obviously improve the performance of cement system and has a good retarding property at high temperature, and has little effect on the early strength development of cement paste at low temperature. The initial and final setting time is almost unchanged within a certain temperature range. The results show that the relative properties of the polymer are sensitive to temperature and can be used in the environment of large temperature difference, and it has a certain application prospect in the cementing of long cementing section. In addition, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometer were used to investigate the retarder mechanism of PAIADD. It was found that the mechanism of polymer retarder was precipitation mechanism, calcium chelation mechanism and one or more effects in nucleation mechanism. The degree of hindrance to cement hydration process at different temperatures is similar. In this paper, the temperature-responsive behavior of polymer properties, rheological test, polymer fluid radius test and fluorescence spectrum test results show that there are association structures in polymer molecules. And this structure changes with the change of temperature, this behavior has an effect on the complexation ability of the polymer, that is, the complexation ability increases with the increase of temperature, this behavior is verified by titration experiment and ultraviolet test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE256.6

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本文編號：2463779