番禺35-2海底輸氣管道沖蝕規(guī)律研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-20 21:24
【摘要】：針對番禺35-2海底輸氣管道系統(tǒng),井口開采出來的天然氣中夾帶著一定的砂粒,其含量在5×10-5kg/s～1×10-3kg/s范圍內,在不斷開采運行過程中,流動介質中的砂粒將會持續(xù)沖擊壁面造成一定的沖蝕破壞,但番禺35-2海底輸氣管道易發(fā)生沖蝕的位置、當前工況條件下的沖蝕狀況、沖蝕作用對管道正常運行的影響程度以及應該采取何種措施進行預防等問題并未可知,因此,針對以上問題,基于流體動力學和沖蝕理論,建立了沖蝕模型,采用理論與仿真模擬相結合的方法,利用ANSYS Fluent軟件對該管道系統(tǒng)中的跨接管、T型管和節(jié)流閥進行了沖蝕仿真預測,開展了不同影響因素的對比模擬分析,為準確定位其易沖蝕的部位以及制定預防措施提供了依據(jù)。 具體的研究內容和得出的主要結論如下： (1)確立了微切削理論、變形磨損理論、鍛造擠壓理論和二次沖蝕理論為番禺35-2海底輸氣管道中砂粒造成沖蝕破壞的具體形式提供參考。 (2)建立了輸氣管道的沖蝕模型,為后續(xù)要進行的沖蝕仿真模擬提供了理論依據(jù)。連續(xù)相采用RNG κ-ε湍流模型,顆粒相采用離散相模型,通過交替求解連續(xù)相控制方程和離散相運動方程來實現(xiàn)離散相與連續(xù)相的雙向耦合,沖蝕速率模型采用Fluent中定義的沖蝕速率公式,并針對離散相邊界條件進行了分別設置,近壁面區(qū)域采用壁面函數(shù)法進行處理,采用有限體積法對控制方程進行離散化處理,基于SIMPLE算法求解壓力與速度的耦合關系。 (3)進行了網(wǎng)格無關性分析,以y+為判據(jù)進行了多組模擬對比分析,從而確定了網(wǎng)格劃分方式及邊界層設置,避免了由于網(wǎng)格因素而引起模擬結果的誤差,進行了沖蝕仿真模擬有效性驗證,通過將模擬結果與實例相對比驗證了模擬的可行性和準確性。 (4)通過對番禺35-2海底輸氣管道系統(tǒng)中的跨接管、T型管和節(jié)流閥模擬分析得到易產(chǎn)生沖蝕的位置為：①跨接管的彎管外拱處；②T型管交匯處的迎流壁面處和出口端底部；③節(jié)流閥閥芯迎流壁面處和閥芯與節(jié)流孔交接處以及下端管道內壁面處。模擬得到的最大沖蝕速率分別為0.54mm/a、0.11mm/a、0.34mm/a,表明該管道系統(tǒng)在輸送介質含砂的情況下,在目前工況條件下可以正常運行,但運行較長時間后即在其設計壽命的后期將會存在一定的風險,需要采取一定的預防措施。 (5)應用單一變量法針對跨接管和T型管進行了影響因素分析,建立了多組沖蝕仿真模型,通過設定不同的變量參數(shù),得到的變化規(guī)律為：①沖蝕速率隨著流速的增大而增大；②沖蝕速率隨著質量流量的增大而增大；③沖蝕速率隨著形狀系數(shù)的增大而減小,但是其減小的幅度在形狀系數(shù)為0.3到0.6之間時較大,隨后減小幅度逐漸變��；④沖蝕速率隨著直徑的增大先變小,然后再增大,增大到一定值時保持基本不變。 (6)應用灰色關聯(lián)分析法分析得到流速對沖蝕速率的影響最大,砂粒直徑、砂粒質量流量、砂粒形狀系數(shù)三者的值比較接近,但與前者相比要小一些,因此,控制流速是減緩沖蝕的關鍵。在以上分析的基礎上,提出了一些預防或減緩沖蝕的措施。在實際生產(chǎn)中,可以采取對易沖蝕部位進行局部加厚、控制砂粒流速或質量流量、關停和再啟動時注意保持平穩(wěn)性以及定期進行安全檢查等措施。 通過模擬得到的沖蝕速率云圖可以準確發(fā)現(xiàn)和定位番禺35-2海底輸氣管道系統(tǒng)中存在潛在危險的位置,采取一定的預防措施能夠有效地保證管道運行的安全,避免管道損壞引起的損失。
[Abstract]:For Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, the natural gas produced by the wellhead is entrained with certain sand, the content of which is in the range of 5-10-5 kg/ s-1-10-3 kg/ s, and during the continuous mining operation, the sand in the flowing medium will continuously impact the wall surface to cause a certain erosion damage, However, in Panyu 35-2, the erosion-prone position of the submarine gas pipeline, the erosion condition under the current working condition, the effect of the erosion on the normal operation of the pipeline and the measures to be taken for prevention and the like are not known, Based on the fluid dynamics and the erosion theory, the erosion model is established, and the method of combining the theory with the simulation is used to predict the cross-connecting pipe, the T-shaped pipe and the throttle valve in the pipeline system by using the ANSYS Fluent software, and the contrast simulation analysis of different influencing factors is carried out. So as to provide the basis for accurately positioning the easy-to-be-eroded parts and the development of the preventive measures. The specific research contents and main conclusions are as follows: (1) Micro-cutting theory, deformation and wear theory, forging and extrusion theory and secondary erosion theory are established for the concrete form of erosion damage caused by sand in the submarine gas pipeline of Panyu 35-2. for reference. (2) The erosion model of gas pipeline is established, which is provided for subsequent erosion simulation The two-way coupling of the discrete phase and the continuous phase is realized by the alternating solution of the continuous phase control equation and the discrete phase motion equation. The formula of the corrosion rate is given, and the boundary conditions of the discrete phase are respectively set. The wall-wall function method is used to process the near-wall surface area. The finite volume method is used to discretize the control equation, and the pressure and velocity are solved based on the SIMPLE algorithm. (3) The grid-independent analysis is carried out, and the multi-group simulation and comparison analysis is carried out with y + as the criterion, so that the grid division mode and the boundary layer setting are determined, the error of the simulation result due to the grid factors is avoided, and the erosion simulation is carried out. The simulation validation is validated by comparing the simulation results to the instance's relative ratios Feasibility and accuracy. (4) It is easy to generate erosion by simulating the cross-connecting pipe, T-shaped pipe and throttle valve in Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system. the bottom of the wall surface and the outlet end; the junction of the valve core and the valve core at the junction of the valve core and the orifice at the flow-on wall surface of the choke valve core; And the maximum erosion rate can be 0.54mm/ a, 0.11mm/ a and 0.34 mm/ a respectively. There will be a certain risk and need Some preventive measures are taken. (5) A single variable method is applied to analyze the influence factors of the cross-pipe and the T-shaped pipe, and a plurality of sets of erosion simulation models are established. the rate of erosion is increased with the increase of the flow rate; the erosion rate is increased with the increase of the mass flow; the erosion rate decreases with the increase of the shape factor, but the magnitude of the decrease is larger when the shape factor is between 0.3 and 0.6, and then the decrease in amplitude is gradually reduced; and the erosion rate The rate increases with the increase of the diameter, and then increases, increases, (6) The influence of the flow velocity on the erosion rate, the diameter of the sand, the mass flow of the sand and the coefficient of sand shape are close to each other, but it is smaller than that of the former, The control flow rate is the key to reduce the erosion. On the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward Some measures for preventing or slowing the erosion can be taken. In the actual production, it is possible to adopt local thickening to the erodible part, to control the sand flow rate or the mass flow, and to keep the stability while stopping and restarting. And the safety inspection and other measures are carried out on a regular basis. The simulated erosion rate cloud image can accurately detect and position the position of the potential danger in the Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, and take certain preventive measures to effectively ensure the pipeline operation.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE973
[Abstract]:For Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, the natural gas produced by the wellhead is entrained with certain sand, the content of which is in the range of 5-10-5 kg/ s-1-10-3 kg/ s, and during the continuous mining operation, the sand in the flowing medium will continuously impact the wall surface to cause a certain erosion damage, However, in Panyu 35-2, the erosion-prone position of the submarine gas pipeline, the erosion condition under the current working condition, the effect of the erosion on the normal operation of the pipeline and the measures to be taken for prevention and the like are not known, Based on the fluid dynamics and the erosion theory, the erosion model is established, and the method of combining the theory with the simulation is used to predict the cross-connecting pipe, the T-shaped pipe and the throttle valve in the pipeline system by using the ANSYS Fluent software, and the contrast simulation analysis of different influencing factors is carried out. So as to provide the basis for accurately positioning the easy-to-be-eroded parts and the development of the preventive measures. The specific research contents and main conclusions are as follows: (1) Micro-cutting theory, deformation and wear theory, forging and extrusion theory and secondary erosion theory are established for the concrete form of erosion damage caused by sand in the submarine gas pipeline of Panyu 35-2. for reference. (2) The erosion model of gas pipeline is established, which is provided for subsequent erosion simulation The two-way coupling of the discrete phase and the continuous phase is realized by the alternating solution of the continuous phase control equation and the discrete phase motion equation. The formula of the corrosion rate is given, and the boundary conditions of the discrete phase are respectively set. The wall-wall function method is used to process the near-wall surface area. The finite volume method is used to discretize the control equation, and the pressure and velocity are solved based on the SIMPLE algorithm. (3) The grid-independent analysis is carried out, and the multi-group simulation and comparison analysis is carried out with y + as the criterion, so that the grid division mode and the boundary layer setting are determined, the error of the simulation result due to the grid factors is avoided, and the erosion simulation is carried out. The simulation validation is validated by comparing the simulation results to the instance's relative ratios Feasibility and accuracy. (4) It is easy to generate erosion by simulating the cross-connecting pipe, T-shaped pipe and throttle valve in Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system. the bottom of the wall surface and the outlet end; the junction of the valve core and the valve core at the junction of the valve core and the orifice at the flow-on wall surface of the choke valve core; And the maximum erosion rate can be 0.54mm/ a, 0.11mm/ a and 0.34 mm/ a respectively. There will be a certain risk and need Some preventive measures are taken. (5) A single variable method is applied to analyze the influence factors of the cross-pipe and the T-shaped pipe, and a plurality of sets of erosion simulation models are established. the rate of erosion is increased with the increase of the flow rate; the erosion rate is increased with the increase of the mass flow; the erosion rate decreases with the increase of the shape factor, but the magnitude of the decrease is larger when the shape factor is between 0.3 and 0.6, and then the decrease in amplitude is gradually reduced; and the erosion rate The rate increases with the increase of the diameter, and then increases, increases, (6) The influence of the flow velocity on the erosion rate, the diameter of the sand, the mass flow of the sand and the coefficient of sand shape are close to each other, but it is smaller than that of the former, The control flow rate is the key to reduce the erosion. On the basis of the above analysis, the paper puts forward Some measures for preventing or slowing the erosion can be taken. In the actual production, it is possible to adopt local thickening to the erodible part, to control the sand flow rate or the mass flow, and to keep the stability while stopping and restarting. And the safety inspection and other measures are carried out on a regular basis. The simulated erosion rate cloud image can accurately detect and position the position of the potential danger in the Panyu 35-2 submarine gas pipeline system, and take certain preventive measures to effectively ensure the pipeline operation.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE973
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