發(fā)布時間：2019-03-20 18:03

【摘要】：油井回壓升高會造成油井地面系統(tǒng)能耗增加,井下管柱交變載荷增加縮短使用壽命,油井泵效下降影響產(chǎn)量,部分油井回壓速度升高快,發(fā)現(xiàn)不及時甚至造成管線堵塞,油井停產(chǎn),影響油井生產(chǎn)。影響油井回壓的主要因素為:(1)原油物性,(2)冷輸半徑大,(3)原油脫氣嚴重,(4)原油結(jié)蠟嚴重,(5)輸送介質(zhì)溫度低,(6)井組產(chǎn)液量低,(7)管線壓力損失大。而井口高回壓影響機采井的正常生產(chǎn)、降低油井產(chǎn)液量以及泵效,并且會對現(xiàn)場生產(chǎn)環(huán)保以及安全產(chǎn)生重大影響。本文針對杏北某區(qū)塊的冷輸井回壓升高頻繁,解堵工作量大的問題進行深入研究,通過改變集輸介質(zhì)流態(tài),降低回壓升高的頻次;通過研制計量間單井回油溫度監(jiān)測及報警裝置,能夠及時發(fā)現(xiàn)回壓異常井,做到及時解堵;對于解堵存在困難的井,應(yīng)用油井聚能清蠟解堵裝置進行配合解堵。通過以上各項措施,最大限度的降低冷輸井回壓上升速度,提高油井運行效率,增加油井產(chǎn)量。
[Abstract]:The increase of oil well return pressure will increase the energy consumption of oil well surface system, shorten the service life of downhole pipe string alternation load increase, decrease the pump efficiency of oil well, and increase the speed of return pressure of some oil wells, and find out that the pipeline blockage is caused by the delay and even the blockage of pipeline. The production of oil well is stopped, and the production of oil well is affected. The main factors affecting oil well return pressure are: (1) physical properties of crude oil, (2) large radius of cold transportation, (3) serious degassing of crude oil, (4) serious dewaxing of crude oil, (5) low temperature of transportation medium, and (6) low liquid production of well group. (7) the pipeline pressure loss is large. The high return pressure at the wellhead affects the normal production of the production well, reduces the fluid production and pump efficiency, and has a great influence on the environment protection and safety in the field production. In this paper, the problem of frequent rise of back pressure in cold well in a block of north Xingbei and heavy work of removing plugging is studied in depth. By changing the flow pattern of gathering medium, the frequency of rising back pressure is reduced. Through the development of temperature monitoring and alarm device for single well return in measurement room, abnormal well backpressure can be found in time and block relief can be achieved in time, and for wells with difficulty in removing plugging, the oil well gas removal device can be used to co-operate with the plugging removal device. Through the above measures, the return pressure rise rate of cold transportation well is reduced to the maximum extent, the operation efficiency of oil well is improved, and the production of oil well is increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE358

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