【摘要】：近年來隨著國家西氣東輸、北油南輸工程的推進,長距離輸油氣管線已經(jīng)越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用于油氣資源的傳輸工作中,由于一些物理和化學(xué)反應(yīng)的作用,管線泄漏問題變的越來越突出,嚴重制約了管道輸油氣的正常進行。如何第一時間檢測出管線泄漏的相關(guān)參數(shù),對維護管線的正常運行至關(guān)重要。音波泄漏檢測法就是一種有效的管線測漏方法,其具有定位精度高、靈敏性高、適應(yīng)性強、誤報率低、操作簡單等諸多優(yōu)點,是當(dāng)今管道泄漏檢測技術(shù)中的研究熱點。然而現(xiàn)今的音波測漏技術(shù)僅僅處于研究使用的初始階段,由于受到信號判斷技術(shù)與處理方式的制約,沒有從泄漏信號產(chǎn)生的源頭對信號參數(shù)進行深入的研究,只是通過泄漏信號頻段特征的情況,對泄漏情況做出預(yù)判,其準(zhǔn)確性并不高。本文將深入研究泄漏音波信號的產(chǎn)生機理和傳播衰減方式,使用計算機語言模擬泄漏位置的液體噴射狀態(tài);將獲取的泄漏音波信號進行頻域、時域與時頻聯(lián)合處理,進而獲取到泄漏音波信號的主要特征,同時研究孔徑、壓力對其的作用;升級高壓輸氣管道泄漏檢測裝置,構(gòu)建音波數(shù)據(jù)采集和處理系統(tǒng),完成實驗室條件下音波傳播特性的研究;構(gòu)建泄漏音波傳播和衰減理論模型,使用室內(nèi)實驗的方法與聲學(xué)軟件模擬對模型進行了修正,最終建立了泄漏音波傳播模型。以此模型為理論基礎(chǔ),指導(dǎo)和優(yōu)化音波泄漏檢測技術(shù)的現(xiàn)場應(yīng)用,完成研究到成果的最終轉(zhuǎn)化。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the National West-East Gas Transmission Project and the North-South Oil Transmission Project, long-distance oil and gas pipelines have been more and more widely used in the transmission of oil and gas resources. Due to the role of some physical and chemical reactions, The problem of pipeline leakage becomes more and more prominent, which seriously restricts the normal transmission of oil and gas. How to detect the parameters of pipeline leakage in the first time is very important to maintain the normal operation of pipeline. Acoustic leakage detection is an effective pipeline leak detection method. It has many advantages, such as high positioning accuracy, high sensitivity, strong adaptability, low false alarm rate, simple operation and so on. It is a hot research topic in pipeline leakage detection technology nowadays. However, the current acoustic leak detection technology is only in the initial stage of research and application. Because of the restriction of signal judgment technology and processing method, the signal parameters have not been deeply studied from the source of leakage signal generation. Only through the leakage signal frequency band characteristics, to predict the leakage situation, its accuracy is not high. In this paper, the generation mechanism and propagation attenuation mode of leakage acoustic signal will be deeply studied, and the liquid jet state of leakage location will be simulated by computer language. The leaky acoustic signal is processed in frequency domain, time domain and time-frequency, then the main characteristics of leakage acoustic signal are obtained, and the effects of aperture and pressure on the leakage acoustic signal are studied at the same time. Upgrade the leak detection device of high-pressure gas pipeline, construct the sound wave data acquisition and processing system, complete the research of sound wave propagation characteristics under laboratory conditions; The theoretical model of leakage acoustic wave propagation and attenuation is constructed, and the model is modified by the method of indoor experiment and acoustic software simulation. Finally, the leakage acoustic wave propagation model is established. Based on this model, this model guides and optimizes the field application of acoustic leakage detection technology, and completes the transformation from the research to the final results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE973.6
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本文編號：2437791