【摘要】：本文采用區(qū)域研究與重點解剖相結(jié)合的原則,對文安斜坡帶斷層從幾何學(xué)、運動學(xué)及動力學(xué)機(jī)制幾個方面進(jìn)行研究,從而分析不同斷層演化對油氣成藏的地質(zhì)意義。本文在構(gòu)造層劃分的基礎(chǔ)上厘定斷層系統(tǒng),得到以反射層T5為界的上、下兩套斷層系統(tǒng);分析斷層分布特征及其組合樣式,并根據(jù)斷層分布具有密集成帶的特點,對斷陷控陷邊界斷層的生長特征與斷陷洼槽結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,表明邊界斷層的生長差異以及洼槽結(jié)構(gòu)特征的差異性控制著斷層帶宏觀的展布特征;通過追蹤研究區(qū)聯(lián)合地震解釋剖面,繼而厘定不同斷層帶的分布特征,表明斷層帶邊界斷層與基底先存斷層具有良好的對應(yīng)關(guān)系,同時,由于研究區(qū)斷層受北西向先存構(gòu)造的影響,不同斷層帶內(nèi)部斷層的變形特征存在明顯的差異。本文利用生長指數(shù)剖面及構(gòu)造平衡剖面等方法結(jié)合區(qū)域構(gòu)造演化特征,對研究區(qū)活動斷層進(jìn)行厘定,得到研究區(qū)發(fā)育有六類活動斷層:裂陷1期形成、后期演化消亡的斷層,裂陷1期形成、裂陷2期繼承性斷層,裂陷1期、裂陷2期及后裂陷期持續(xù)活動的斷層,裂陷2期新形成的、后裂陷期未活動斷層,裂陷2期形成、后裂陷期繼承活動的斷層,后裂陷期形成的斷層;通過對斷層生長方式的分析可知,研究區(qū)斷層帶邊界斷層存在“不同步”分段生長的特征,進(jìn)一步表明斷層活動受控于基底先存斷層且基底先存斷層的影響較大。本文依據(jù)區(qū)域伸展方向與基底先存斷層走向之間夾角的不同,將研究區(qū)劃分為正交伸展變形區(qū)和斜交伸展張扭變形區(qū),并在同一變形區(qū)內(nèi)部劃分有受北西向先存構(gòu)造控制發(fā)育的次級變換構(gòu)造帶;在構(gòu)造變形分區(qū)基礎(chǔ)上劃分了正交伸展型斷層帶、斜交伸展張扭型斷層帶以及變換構(gòu)造型斷層帶。研究區(qū)油氣主要富集在北西向變換構(gòu)造附近的斷層帶內(nèi),正交伸展型斷層帶與變換構(gòu)造型斷層帶的疊加部位具有有利的成藏條件:即同傾斷層帶主干斷層擴(kuò)展連接過程中的轉(zhuǎn)換斜坡有利于油氣沿斜坡側(cè)向運移,反傾斷層帶主干斷層擴(kuò)展過程中形成的斜向背斜圈閉有利于油氣富集成藏;張扭型斷層帶邊界斷層非同步生長過程中的局部變形以及邊界斷層的演化程度控制著油氣的富集程度。
[Abstract]:Based on the principle of combining regional study with key anatomy, this paper studies the geological significance of different fault evolution to oil and gas accumulation by studying the geometry, kinematics and dynamic mechanism of the fault in Wenan slope zone. In this paper, the fault system is determined on the basis of the division of tectonic layers, and two sets of fault systems with reflection layer T5 as the boundary are obtained. The characteristics of fault distribution and its combination patterns are analyzed. According to the characteristics of fault distribution with dense zonation, the growth characteristics of fault-controlled subsidence boundary faults and the structure of fault depression trough are analyzed. The results show that the growth difference of boundary fault and the difference of the structure of depression control the macroscopic distribution of fault zone. By tracing the joint seismic interpretation section of the study area and then determining the distribution characteristics of different fault zones, it is shown that the boundary fault of the fault zone has a good corresponding relationship with the pre-existing fault of the basement, and at the same time, Because the faults in the study area are affected by the NW preexisting structures, there are obvious differences in the deformation characteristics of the faults in different fault zones. In this paper, the active faults in the study area are determined by using the growth index profile and the structural equilibrium section, combining with the characteristics of the regional tectonic evolution. Six types of active faults are obtained in the study area: the faults formed in the first stage of the rift and the fault in the late evolution and extinction. Rifting stage 1, rift stage 2 inherited faults, rifting phase 1, rifting phase 2 and post-rifting stage continuously active faults, newly formed rifting phase 2, post-rift stage inactive fault, rifting stage 2 forming, post-rifting stage inheriting active fault, Faults formed during the post-rift period; Through the analysis of the fault growth pattern, it can be seen that there are "asynchronous" segmental growth characteristics of the boundary faults in the fault zone, which further indicates that the fault activity is controlled by the basement pre-existing fault and the influence of the basement pre-existing fault is great. According to the difference of the angle between the regional extension direction and the strike of the basement pre-existing fault, the study area is divided into the orthogonal extension deformation zone and the diagonal extensional tensional deformation zone. In the same deformation area, there are secondary transformation belts controlled by the NW preexisting structure. Based on the division of tectonic deformation, the authors have divided the orthogonal extensional fault zone, the diagonal extensional tensional fault zone and the transformational tectonic fault zone. The oil and gas in the study area are mainly enriched in the fault zone near the NW-trending transformation structure. The superposition of the orthogonal extensional fault zone and the transformational tectonic fault zone has favorable reservoir forming conditions: that is, the conversion slope in the process of extending and connecting the main faults in the same dip fault zone is favorable for the lateral migration of oil and gas along the slope. The diagonal anticline traps formed during the extension of the main faults in the reverse dip fault zone are favorable to the oil-gas rich and integrated reservoirs. The degree of oil and gas enrichment is controlled by the local deformation and the evolution of boundary faults during the asynchronous growth of boundary faults in the tension-torsional fault zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P618.13

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