含凹陷管道安全性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-15 09:26
【摘要】：管道作為石油和天然氣主要的運輸方式,在工業(yè)體系中發(fā)揮著重要的作用,維持高水平的管道完整性和可靠性對石油天然氣行業(yè)至關(guān)重要。機械損傷是導(dǎo)致管道失效重要的原因之一,而凹陷是其最典型的類型,它會引起應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變集中從而對管道安全運行造成嚴重的威脅。因此,對凹陷管道進行合理的安全評價是非常必要的并根據(jù)評價結(jié)果對其采取相應(yīng)的處理措施。本文針對凹陷管道安全性進行了以下內(nèi)容的研究:首先,整理歸納凹陷管道安全評價方法,基于PDAM凹陷深度準(zhǔn)則和最小伸長率極限判據(jù)對球形凹陷管道應(yīng)變進行了分析。結(jié)合韌性斷裂失效模型研究了不同參數(shù)下球形凹陷管道的損傷程度并對凹陷深度準(zhǔn)則進行了驗證,同時研究了不同管道內(nèi)壓作用下球形凹陷的臨界失效應(yīng)變,根據(jù)臨界失效應(yīng)變選取合適的安全因子確定許用應(yīng)變,通過應(yīng)變評價方法確定工程中需要修復(fù)或者替換的管段。其次,在球形凹陷管道研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對曲折凹陷管道進行了安全性分析,采用API 579準(zhǔn)則規(guī)定的臨界凹陷深度作為研究對象,分析了不同參數(shù)下曲折凹陷的應(yīng)變及應(yīng)變分布變化規(guī)律,通過最小伸長率極限判據(jù)對其進行評估。為了進一步探究基于該準(zhǔn)則臨界凹陷深度的準(zhǔn)確性,結(jié)合韌性斷裂失效模型研究了不同參數(shù)下曲折凹陷管道的損傷程度,根據(jù)韌性失效損傷準(zhǔn)則判定其是否達到閾值,從而確定其是否發(fā)生斷裂。隨后分析了不同管道內(nèi)壓下曲折凹陷的臨界失效應(yīng)變,根據(jù)應(yīng)變評價流程分析了曲折凹陷的安全性并給出處理意見及建議。最后,根據(jù)ASME B31.4標(biāo)準(zhǔn)針對內(nèi)腐蝕缺陷和凹陷聯(lián)合作用下缺陷管道的安全性進行了初步探究。在內(nèi)腐蝕缺陷管道安全運行下通過塑性失效準(zhǔn)則探究了不同參數(shù)下內(nèi)腐蝕缺陷管道所能承受壓頭下壓的臨界深度;為了進一步驗證移除壓頭后該臨界凹陷深度是否準(zhǔn)確,通過基于凹陷深度準(zhǔn)則和韌性斷裂失效模型對內(nèi)腐蝕凹陷管道損傷程度進行了分析,結(jié)果表明基于塑性失效準(zhǔn)則得到的臨界凹陷深度不可以作為此類缺陷管道的臨界凹陷深度,而在一定的條件下基于ASME B31.8凹陷深度準(zhǔn)則的內(nèi)腐蝕缺陷管道是安全的;為探究更為精確的安全凹陷深度,采用ASME B31.8應(yīng)變評價方法對內(nèi)腐蝕缺陷管道所能承受的安全凹陷深度進行了分析,結(jié)果表明該方法的確比基于凹陷深度準(zhǔn)則得到的安全凹陷深度更精確,對此綜合兩種評價方法提出了針對此類缺陷管道的安全評價流程,這將為工程評估提供參考。
[Abstract]:Pipeline, as the main transportation mode of oil and natural gas, plays an important role in the industrial system. It is very important for oil and gas industry to maintain the high level of pipeline integrity and reliability. Mechanical damage is one of the most important causes of pipeline failure, and depression is the most typical type, which will cause stress and strain concentration and pose a serious threat to the safe operation of pipeline. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry on reasonable safety evaluation to the depressed pipeline and take the corresponding treatment measures according to the evaluation result. In this paper, the safety of the hollow pipeline is studied as follows: first of all, the pipeline strain of the spherical sag is analyzed based on the PDAM depth criterion and the minimum elongation limit criterion. Combined with ductile fracture failure model, the damage degree of spherical sag pipeline under different parameters is studied and the criterion of sag depth is verified. At the same time, the critical failure strain of spherical sag under different internal pressure of pipeline is studied. According to the critical failure strain, the appropriate safety factor is selected to determine the allowable strain, and the pipeline segment that needs to be repaired or replaced is determined by the strain evaluation method. Secondly, based on the research of spherical sag pipeline, the safety analysis of zigzag sag pipeline is carried out, and the critical sag depth stipulated by API 579 criterion is adopted as the research object. The variation of strain and strain distribution in zigzag sag under different parameters is analyzed and evaluated by the limit criterion of minimum elongation. In order to further explore the accuracy of critical depth of sag based on the criterion, the damage degree of the pipeline with different parameters is studied by combining with the ductile fracture failure model, and the threshold value is determined according to the criterion of ductile failure damage. To determine whether it breaks. Then the critical failure strain of the zigzag sag under different pipeline pressure is analyzed and the safety of the zigzag sag is analyzed according to the strain evaluation flow and the treatment opinions and suggestions are given. Finally, according to ASME B31.4 standard, the safety of defective pipeline under the combined action of internal corrosion defect and indentation is preliminarily explored. Under the safe operation of internal corrosion defect pipeline, the critical depth of internal corrosion defect pipeline can withstand the pressure of pressure head under different parameters is studied by plastic failure criterion. In order to further verify the accuracy of the critical depth of the indentation after removing the head, the damage degree of the internal corrosion sag pipeline is analyzed based on the criterion of the depth of the depression and the failure model of the ductile fracture. The results show that the critical indentation depth based on plastic failure criterion can not be used as the critical sag depth of this kind of defective pipeline, but the inner corrosion defect pipeline based on ASME B31.8 indentation depth criterion is safe under certain conditions. In order to find out the more accurate depth of safety sag, ASME B31.8 strain evaluation method is used to analyze the safe indentation depth of the pipeline with internal corrosion defects. The results show that the method is more accurate than the one based on the sag depth criterion. The safety evaluation process for this kind of defective pipeline is put forward for these two comprehensive evaluation methods, which will provide a reference for engineering evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE973
本文編號：2380412
[Abstract]:Pipeline, as the main transportation mode of oil and natural gas, plays an important role in the industrial system. It is very important for oil and gas industry to maintain the high level of pipeline integrity and reliability. Mechanical damage is one of the most important causes of pipeline failure, and depression is the most typical type, which will cause stress and strain concentration and pose a serious threat to the safe operation of pipeline. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry on reasonable safety evaluation to the depressed pipeline and take the corresponding treatment measures according to the evaluation result. In this paper, the safety of the hollow pipeline is studied as follows: first of all, the pipeline strain of the spherical sag is analyzed based on the PDAM depth criterion and the minimum elongation limit criterion. Combined with ductile fracture failure model, the damage degree of spherical sag pipeline under different parameters is studied and the criterion of sag depth is verified. At the same time, the critical failure strain of spherical sag under different internal pressure of pipeline is studied. According to the critical failure strain, the appropriate safety factor is selected to determine the allowable strain, and the pipeline segment that needs to be repaired or replaced is determined by the strain evaluation method. Secondly, based on the research of spherical sag pipeline, the safety analysis of zigzag sag pipeline is carried out, and the critical sag depth stipulated by API 579 criterion is adopted as the research object. The variation of strain and strain distribution in zigzag sag under different parameters is analyzed and evaluated by the limit criterion of minimum elongation. In order to further explore the accuracy of critical depth of sag based on the criterion, the damage degree of the pipeline with different parameters is studied by combining with the ductile fracture failure model, and the threshold value is determined according to the criterion of ductile failure damage. To determine whether it breaks. Then the critical failure strain of the zigzag sag under different pipeline pressure is analyzed and the safety of the zigzag sag is analyzed according to the strain evaluation flow and the treatment opinions and suggestions are given. Finally, according to ASME B31.4 standard, the safety of defective pipeline under the combined action of internal corrosion defect and indentation is preliminarily explored. Under the safe operation of internal corrosion defect pipeline, the critical depth of internal corrosion defect pipeline can withstand the pressure of pressure head under different parameters is studied by plastic failure criterion. In order to further verify the accuracy of the critical depth of the indentation after removing the head, the damage degree of the internal corrosion sag pipeline is analyzed based on the criterion of the depth of the depression and the failure model of the ductile fracture. The results show that the critical indentation depth based on plastic failure criterion can not be used as the critical sag depth of this kind of defective pipeline, but the inner corrosion defect pipeline based on ASME B31.8 indentation depth criterion is safe under certain conditions. In order to find out the more accurate depth of safety sag, ASME B31.8 strain evaluation method is used to analyze the safe indentation depth of the pipeline with internal corrosion defects. The results show that the method is more accurate than the one based on the sag depth criterion. The safety evaluation process for this kind of defective pipeline is put forward for these two comprehensive evaluation methods, which will provide a reference for engineering evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE973
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