【摘要】：在地質(zhì)導(dǎo)向鉆井、定向井、水平井、智能井等新技術(shù)的推動(dòng)下石油工業(yè)邁入自動(dòng)化、信息化、智能化階段,需要采集并記錄的鉆井動(dòng)態(tài)參數(shù)越來(lái)越多。傳統(tǒng)泥漿脈沖等無(wú)線隨鉆信息傳輸方式,暴露出數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率低、時(shí)延長(zhǎng)、只能單工通信等缺點(diǎn),已使其不能滿(mǎn)足大量隨鉆參數(shù)實(shí)時(shí)快速的傳輸要求。面臨石油鉆井信息通信技術(shù)提出的新挑戰(zhàn),智能鉆柱在實(shí)現(xiàn)從地面提供動(dòng)力電能到井下的同時(shí),也具備了井下與地面之間的隨鉆測(cè)控信息的雙向閉環(huán)傳輸通道,且保證了實(shí)時(shí)性,為實(shí)現(xiàn)零時(shí)差的高速有線信息傳輸提供了可能。由于電纜傳輸線在長(zhǎng)距離信息傳輸方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)較為明顯,適合于傳輸鉆井過(guò)程中的各種隨鉆測(cè)量信號(hào),因此,在智能鉆井發(fā)展方面,電纜傳輸線的信息傳輸方式研究將成為智能鉆柱的重點(diǎn)。 本文在非均勻傳輸線理論的基礎(chǔ)上,以智能鉆柱電纜非均勻傳輸線電力、信息“二合一”為起點(diǎn),結(jié)合智能鉆柱的結(jié)構(gòu)及電力傳輸線特性,分析了智能鉆柱電纜非均勻傳輸線傳輸特性的影響因子,對(duì)智能鉆柱非均勻傳輸線的信道模型進(jìn)行研究。 本文根據(jù)非均勻傳輸線的場(chǎng)路特性及分布參數(shù)模型,分析了智能鉆桿和鉆桿接頭處的電氣特性參數(shù),考慮溫度變化對(duì)智能鉆柱電纜阻抗的影響,得出非均勻傳輸線的傳遞函數(shù)和傳輸矩陣,建立了智能鉆柱電纜的非均勻傳輸線阻抗模型。利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真軟件搭建完整的通信系統(tǒng),對(duì)智能鉆柱電纜的非均勻傳輸線阻抗模型進(jìn)行仿真,分析結(jié)果,探究信號(hào)傳輸速率、傳輸距離,以及選取調(diào)制解調(diào)方式對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸質(zhì)量的影響。 本論文完成了智能鉆柱電纜的非均勻傳輸線信道傳輸特性的分析,建立了智能鉆柱電纜的非均勻傳輸線阻抗模型,并搭建通信模型對(duì)其進(jìn)行仿真,分析了不同參數(shù)條件下的通信性能,為智能鉆柱信息傳輸方式研究提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:Driven by new technologies such as geological guided drilling, directional well, horizontal well, intelligent well and so on, the petroleum industry has entered the stage of automation, information and intelligence, and more drilling dynamic parameters need to be collected and recorded. The traditional wireless while drilling information transmission method, such as mud pulse, exposes the shortcomings of low data transmission rate, prolonged time, and only simplex communication, which makes it unable to meet the requirements of real-time and fast transmission of a large number of parameters while drilling. Facing the new challenge of petroleum drilling information and communication technology, the intelligent drill string not only provides power from the ground to the underground, but also has a two-way closed-loop transmission channel between the underground and the ground for the measurement and control information while drilling. And the real-time is guaranteed, which provides the possibility for realizing zero-time difference high-speed wired information transmission. Because cable transmission line has obvious advantages in long distance information transmission, it is suitable for transmitting all kinds of measurement signals while drilling. Therefore, in the development of intelligent drilling, The research on the transmission mode of cable transmission line will become the focus of intelligent drill string. On the basis of the theory of non-uniform transmission line, this paper takes the "two-in-one" information as the starting point, combining the structure of the intelligent drill string and the characteristics of the power transmission line, taking the inhomogeneous transmission line of the intelligent drill string cable as the starting point. The influence factors of transmission characteristics of inhomogeneous transmission line of intelligent drill string cable are analyzed, and the channel model of inhomogeneous transmission line of intelligent drill string cable is studied. Based on the field characteristic and distribution parameter model of the non-uniform transmission line, the electrical characteristic parameters of the intelligent drill pipe and the drill pipe joint are analyzed in this paper. The influence of the temperature change on the impedance of the intelligent drill string cable is considered. The transfer function and transmission matrix of the inhomogeneous transmission line are obtained, and the impedance model of the inhomogeneous transmission line of the intelligent drill string cable is established. A complete communication system is built by using MATLAB/Simulink simulation software. The non-uniform transmission line impedance model of intelligent drill string cable is simulated, the results are analyzed, and the signal transmission rate and transmission distance are explored. The effect of modulation and demodulation on the quality of data transmission is also discussed. In this paper, the transmission characteristics of the inhomogeneous transmission line of the intelligent drill string cable are analyzed, and the non-uniform transmission line impedance model of the intelligent drill string cable is established, and the communication model is built to simulate the transmission line. The communication performance under different parameters is analyzed, which provides a certain reference for the research of intelligent drill string information transmission.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE928

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