【摘要】：新研制的3000型壓裂泵車作業(yè)壓力等級(jí)高(最大輸出壓力達(dá)到140MPa)、排量大、作業(yè)工況惡劣,在某些檔位下出現(xiàn)了振動(dòng)異常的現(xiàn)象,影響了整車的作業(yè)質(zhì)量,其產(chǎn)生的車架交變應(yīng)力,還會(huì)引起車架的疲勞,導(dǎo)致整車的使用壽命降低。因此本文研究3000型壓裂泵車作業(yè)工況的振動(dòng)機(jī)理,提出振動(dòng)控制方案。首先建立了臺(tái)上設(shè)備三缸泵的三維模型,綜合考慮三缸泵的慣性力、摩擦力及液力端壓力波動(dòng)因素的影響,仿真得出三缸泵在工作時(shí)產(chǎn)生的激振力的峰值及對(duì)應(yīng)的頻率,并通過試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了仿真結(jié)果的真實(shí)性;以三缸泵作為激勵(lì),對(duì)整車進(jìn)行了工作模態(tài)分析,得到其前六階的模態(tài),發(fā)現(xiàn)其模態(tài)和三缸泵的振動(dòng)頻率存在重合,明確了整車作業(yè)工況時(shí)振動(dòng)的原因。其次,提出了基于結(jié)構(gòu)修改的三種振動(dòng)控制措施:(1)三缸泵的位置前移,建立了三缸泵的位置對(duì)整車振動(dòng)影響的力學(xué)模型,計(jì)算了前移400mm時(shí)整車的振動(dòng)衰減量為10.9%;(2)風(fēng)扇的位置降低,建立了風(fēng)扇高度對(duì)整車穩(wěn)定性影響的力學(xué)模型,明確了風(fēng)扇的高度越低整車穩(wěn)定性越好;(3)整車支撐,對(duì)比支撐和不支撐時(shí)整車的模態(tài),明確支撐后能有效避免整車模態(tài)和三缸泵振動(dòng)頻率重合。為有效控制壓裂泵車作業(yè)工況時(shí)整車的振動(dòng),綜合采用三種改制措施,試驗(yàn)表明改制后振動(dòng)衰減了73.3%。最后,優(yōu)化了車架和三缸泵之間的連接方案,使用隔振器連接替代了剛性連接,以三缸泵的振動(dòng)激勵(lì)引起的車架應(yīng)力小于車架材料的許用應(yīng)力為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),計(jì)算隔振系統(tǒng)的參數(shù),并選取了合適的隔振器。通過仿真,證明其能滿足使用需求。
[Abstract]:The newly developed 3000 fracturing pump vehicle has high working pressure grade (maximum output pressure is up to 140MPa), large displacement and bad working conditions, and the phenomenon of abnormal vibration appears under some gears, which affects the working quality of the whole vehicle and produces the alternating stress of the frame. It will also cause fatigue of the frame and reduce the service life of the whole vehicle. In this paper, the vibration mechanism of 3000 fracturing pump is studied, and the vibration control scheme is put forward. Firstly, the three-dimensional model of three-cylinder pump is established. Considering the influence of inertial force, friction force and pressure fluctuation at the end of hydraulic force, the peak value and corresponding frequency of exciting force produced by three-cylinder pump are obtained by simulation. The simulation results are verified by experiments, and the working modes of the whole vehicle are analyzed by using the three-cylinder pump as the excitation, and the first six modes are obtained. It is found that the vibration frequency of the three-cylinder pump is overlapped with that of the three-cylinder pump. The cause of vibration in the whole vehicle working condition is clarified. Secondly, three kinds of vibration control measures based on structural modification are put forward: (1) the position of the three-cylinder pump is moved forward, and the mechanical model of the influence of the position of the three-cylinder pump on the vibration of the whole vehicle is established. The vibration attenuation of the whole vehicle is calculated to be 10.9 when the 400mm is moved forward. (2) the position of the fan is reduced, and the mechanical model of the influence of fan height on the stability of the whole vehicle is established, which shows that the lower the fan height, the better the vehicle stability; (3) the whole vehicle support, By comparing the modes of the whole vehicle with and without support, the vibration frequency coincidence between the vehicle mode and the three-cylinder pump can be effectively avoided by defining the supporting mode. In order to effectively control the vibration of the whole car in the operation condition of the fracturing pump car, three kinds of reforming measures are adopted. The experiment shows that the vibration of the fracturing pump car decreases by 73.3% after the reform. Finally, the connection scheme between the frame and the three-cylinder pump is optimized, the rigid connection is replaced by the vibration isolator connection, and the stress of the frame caused by the vibration excitation of the three-cylinder pump is less than the allowable stress of the frame material as the evaluation index. The parameters of the vibration isolation system are calculated and the appropriate vibration isolator is selected. Through simulation, it is proved that it can meet the need of use.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE934.2

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