【摘要】：本文以川西凹陷新場(chǎng)須二段深部地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)特征及巖體破裂規(guī)律為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)新場(chǎng)地區(qū)及臨區(qū)已有的地層巖性、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造及其演化等資料,同時(shí)結(jié)合深部巖體鉆井巖芯裂縫發(fā)育特征編錄、錄井測(cè)井地應(yīng)力和裂縫分析成果、完井報(bào)告資料的對(duì)比研究,建立了研究區(qū)的地質(zhì)模型。結(jié)合已有的井孔崩落、鉆井誘導(dǎo)縫分析、水壓致裂曲線分析、巖石Kaiser效應(yīng)測(cè)試等技術(shù)所獲得的地應(yīng)力資料,綜合分析了新場(chǎng)須二段各運(yùn)動(dòng)期次的構(gòu)造應(yīng)力。然后利用工程地質(zhì)的系統(tǒng)工作方法和構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學(xué)的分析方法,分析研究區(qū)地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)特征,預(yù)測(cè)研究深部巖體結(jié)構(gòu)面的特征及其發(fā)育分布規(guī)律。通過(guò)以上研究,取得的主要研究成果如下:(1)綜合區(qū)域研究資料,研究區(qū)須家河組二段的地層在歷史上共經(jīng)歷了印支運(yùn)動(dòng)中期(安縣運(yùn)動(dòng))、印支運(yùn)動(dòng)中期~印支運(yùn)動(dòng)晚期、燕山運(yùn)動(dòng)早幕~燕山運(yùn)動(dòng)中幕、燕山運(yùn)動(dòng)晚幕~喜山運(yùn)動(dòng)早幕、喜馬拉雅運(yùn)動(dòng)等5次規(guī)模較大的構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)。(2)將傳統(tǒng)的構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學(xué)與現(xiàn)代巖石力學(xué)、地應(yīng)力測(cè)試技術(shù)、大型物理模擬和數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)相結(jié)合,構(gòu)建了一套深部地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分析及裂縫預(yù)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)的方法體系。(3)根據(jù)新場(chǎng)地區(qū)須家河組二段的地表露頭調(diào)查、測(cè)井曲線、成像測(cè)井、鉆孔巖芯分析說(shuō)明,須二段儲(chǔ)層裂縫發(fā)育特征為以低角度裂縫為主,同時(shí)發(fā)育斜交縫、高角度縫、網(wǎng)狀縫等,裂縫走向主要有NEE、NE、SEE三個(gè)方向。(4)開(kāi)展了多期Kaiser試驗(yàn),建立了利用多期Kaiser試驗(yàn)提取古地應(yīng)力的思路和初步方法。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果初步表明研究區(qū)地層在歷史上至少經(jīng)歷過(guò)四期構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)作用,獲得的各期主應(yīng)力方向、大小與區(qū)域資料較為吻合。(5)采集須家河組砂巖在地表出露的巖樣,進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)單軸、三軸物理力學(xué)試驗(yàn),獲得了相應(yīng)物理力學(xué)參數(shù),并統(tǒng)計(jì)了區(qū)內(nèi)各地層的物理力學(xué)參數(shù)相應(yīng)資料。(6)研究區(qū)地形相對(duì)平坦,區(qū)內(nèi)斷裂構(gòu)造是影響研究區(qū)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布特點(diǎn)的重要因素。三個(gè)目的層中,由于均發(fā)育較多斷裂構(gòu)造,因此其應(yīng)力場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)出明顯的不連續(xù)性,在斷層端部和轉(zhuǎn)折部位表現(xiàn)出較明顯的最大主應(yīng)力和剪應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象,而在斷層兩盤(pán)部位則出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力消散特點(diǎn),最小主應(yīng)力在斷裂周?chē)憩F(xiàn)較明顯的拉應(yīng)力。從縱向剖面上看,研究區(qū)應(yīng)力場(chǎng)具有較明顯的分帶性,具體表現(xiàn)為千佛崖以上地層,最大主應(yīng)力方向多近于水平,應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布較連續(xù);須家河組地層受斷層影響,主應(yīng)力方向在不同部位往往存在較大差別,尤其在斷層周?chē)?主應(yīng)力方向往往多變,應(yīng)力場(chǎng)部分大多不連續(xù);須家河底板以下地層,最大主應(yīng)力方向大多轉(zhuǎn)為近豎直向,應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分布也較為連續(xù)。(7)根據(jù)三維物理模擬和數(shù)值模擬的結(jié)果,參考研究區(qū)現(xiàn)有巖芯觀察、測(cè)井分析等資料,確定出研究區(qū)裂縫發(fā)育分布的預(yù)測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)區(qū)內(nèi)三個(gè)目的層裂縫發(fā)育特征進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)。結(jié)果顯示:須家河二段第七、第四、第二砂組巖層頂板中裂縫主要發(fā)育在斷裂帶附近、翼部較陡的轉(zhuǎn)折端及構(gòu)造高點(diǎn)區(qū)域。研究區(qū)裂縫總體方向主要是北東(NE)向、近南北(SN)向、北西(NW)向和東西(EW)向,以低角度剪切縫為主;此外在構(gòu)造高點(diǎn)地區(qū),發(fā)育也有較大部分張性裂縫。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the characteristics of in-situ stress field and fracture law of rock mass in the second member of Xu formation in Xinchang area, western Sichuan sag are studied. According to the data of strata lithology, geological structure and evolution in Xinchang area and adjacent area, and combined with the characteristics of fracture development in drilling core of deep rock mass, the results of in-situ stress and fracture analysis by logging and completion report are presented. The geological model of the study area is established by comparing the materials. Combining with the geostress data obtained by the existing techniques such as hole caving, drilling induced fracture analysis, hydraulic fracturing curve analysis, rock Kaiser effect test, the tectonic stress of the second member of Xu formation in Xinchang is analyzed comprehensively. Through the above research, the main achievements are as follows: (1) The strata of the second member of Xujiahe Formation in the study area have gone through the middle period of Indosinian movement in history (Anxian County). (2) Combining traditional tectonic geology with modern rock mechanics, in-situ stress testing technology, large-scale physical simulation and numerical simulation technology, (3) According to the surface outcrop survey, logging curves, imaging logging and core analysis of boreholes in the second member of Xujiahe Formation in Xinchang area, the characteristics of fracture development in the second member of Xujiahe Formation are mainly low angle fractures, and oblique joints, high angle fractures and reticulated fractures are developed. There are three main directions of fracture strikes: NEE, NE and SEE. (4) The Kaiser test was carried out for several periods, and the idea and preliminary method of extracting paleo-stress by using the Kaiser test were established. (5) The rock samples of Xujiahe Formation sandstone exposed on the surface were collected, and uniaxial and triaxial physical and mechanical tests were carried out in laboratory. The corresponding physical and mechanical parameters were obtained, and the corresponding data of physical and mechanical parameters of various layers in the study area were counted. (6) The topography of the study area was relatively flat, and the fracture structure in the study area was the major factor affecting the stress field distribution characteristics. The main factor is that the stress field of the three target beds is obviously discontinuous due to the development of more faults. The maximum principal stress and shear stress concentration are obvious at the end and the turning point of the fault, while the stress dissipation occurs at the two sides of the fault, and the minimum principal stress is obvious around the fault. Seen from the longitudinal section, the stress field in the study area has obvious zoning, specifically for the strata above the Qianfoya cliff, the maximum principal stress direction is more near the level, the stress field distribution is more continuous; the Xujiahe formation is affected by the fault, the principal stress direction in different parts are often quite different, especially around the fault, the principal stress direction. The stress direction is often changeable, and the stress field is mostly discontinuous; the maximum principal stress direction is mostly near vertical in the strata below the bottom of Xujiahe River, and the stress field distribution is also relatively continuous. (7) According to the results of three-dimensional physical simulation and numerical simulation, and referring to the existing core observation, logging analysis and other data, the fracture development in the study area is determined. The results show that the cracks in the roof of the seventh and fourth member of the second member of Xujiahe Formation are mainly developed near the fault zone, the steep turning end of the wing and the high structural point area. The NW and EW trending shear fractures are mainly low-angle shear fractures, and most of the tensional fractures are also developed in the structural high-point areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE31

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