本文選題：部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)　切入點：KBKZ本構(gòu)方程　出處：《沈陽理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)是廣泛應(yīng)用于油田開采的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品之一,HPAM溶解過程是聚合物驅(qū)油工藝中的熟化環(huán)節(jié),由于現(xiàn)在油田多采用高分子量的HPAM溶液,原有的配置單元對其溶解過程產(chǎn)生不適用性,導(dǎo)致溶解熟化時間長、攪拌效率低,在攪拌槽底部容易結(jié)塊,直接影響HPAM溶液的輸入質(zhì)量和聚合物驅(qū)的宏觀經(jīng)濟效益。因此,對于研究HPAM溶液的流變性質(zhì),給出適合描述HPAM溶液流變性的本構(gòu)方程及流動控制方程,建立合理的攪拌流場數(shù)學(xué)模型,開發(fā)新型攪拌裝置以及研究其攪拌流場的流型特點,對改善聚合物驅(qū)技術(shù)和提高原油采收率具有重要理論意義。根據(jù)HPAM溶液的粘彈實驗數(shù)據(jù),采用平均標(biāo)準偏差作為目標(biāo)函數(shù),結(jié)合KBKZ本構(gòu)方程,擬合出不同分子量下不同濃度的松弛時間譜。在松弛時間呈10-2-103s之間的規(guī)整梯度下,找出對應(yīng)的松弛模量的變化規(guī)律;在準確可靠表征HPAM溶液粘彈性的前提下,將松弛時間譜的個數(shù)減少為三個,降低了工程計算的難度。為改進HPAM溶液熟化配置單元,設(shè)計出一種螺旋翅片式節(jié)能槳,該攪拌槳主體支架為錨形,主體槳葉底部橫梁為圓柱形,在攪拌槳兩端槳葉緊貼圓管外壁增裝螺旋翅片,螺旋翅片逆時針自兩端圓管的底端旋轉(zhuǎn)到達圓管的上端。螺旋翅片的這種空間旋轉(zhuǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)有利于流體的軸向流動,并且使待混合流體的軸向速度沿軸線分布均勻,實現(xiàn)了流體在整個攪拌槽內(nèi)流場分布的優(yōu)化,同時該攪拌槳降低了其在攪拌過程中的功率消耗,節(jié)約能源。采用數(shù)值模擬的方法研究了錨式槳和螺旋翅片式節(jié)能槳在牛頓流體以及其它不同流變指數(shù)的假塑性流體中的三維流場混合性能并進行分析對比,包括兩種攪拌槳在不同高度處、不同雷諾數(shù)下、不同流變指數(shù)流體中的流場特性。對不同螺旋翅片間距以及攪拌槳直徑d和攪拌槽直徑D比值情況下的流場進行分析,計算獲得錨式槳和不同幾何尺寸螺旋翅片式節(jié)能槳的功率消耗曲線以及Metzner常數(shù)。結(jié)果表明,螺旋翅片式節(jié)能槳與錨式槳相比,促進了攪拌槽內(nèi)流體的軸向和徑向流動,減小了功率消耗,提高了全槽平均剪切速率。隨著螺旋翅片間距的增大和d/D比值的減小,攪拌槳功率消耗降低,同時全槽平均剪切速率略有下降。
[Abstract]:Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is one of the industrial products widely used in oilfield production. The dissolution process of HPAM is a maturation link in polymer flooding process. Now, high molecular weight HPAM solution is widely used in oil fields. The original configuration unit is inapplicable to the dissolution process, which leads to long time of dissolution and low agitation efficiency. It is easy to caking at the bottom of stirring tank, which directly affects the input quality of HPAM solution and the macro economic benefit of polymer flooding. In order to study the rheological properties of HPAM solution, the constitutive equations and flow control equations suitable for describing the rheological properties of HPAM solution are given, and a reasonable mathematical model of stirring flow field is established, a new type of mixing device is developed and the characteristics of flow pattern in mixing flow field are studied. It is of great theoretical significance to improve polymer flooding technology and enhance oil recovery. According to the viscoelastic experimental data of HPAM solution, the average standard deviation is used as the objective function and the KBKZ constitutive equation is combined. The relaxation time spectra with different molecular weight and different concentrations were fitted. Under the regular gradient of relaxation time between 10-2-103 s, the corresponding relaxation modulus was found, and the viscoelasticity of HPAM solution was accurately and reliably characterized. The number of relaxation time spectrum is reduced to three, and the difficulty of engineering calculation is reduced. In order to improve the configuration unit of HPAM solution ripening, a kind of helical wing blade type energy-saving propeller is designed, and the main support of the impeller is an anchor. The cross beam at the bottom of the main blade is cylindrical, and the blade at both ends of the agitator is attached to the outer wall of the pipe with spiral fins. The helical fin rotates counterclockwise from the bottom end of the tube to the upper end of the tube. This space rotation structure of the helical fin facilitates the axial flow of the fluid and makes the axial velocity of the fluid to be mixed evenly distributed along the axis. The flow field distribution in the whole tank is optimized and the power consumption of the impeller is reduced. Energy saving. The mixing performance of anchor propeller and helical fin propeller in Newtonian fluid and other pseudoplastic fluid with different rheological index were studied and compared by numerical simulation. The flow field characteristics of two kinds of impellers at different heights, different Reynolds numbers and different rheological exponents are analyzed. The flow field under different pitch of helical fin and the ratio of impeller diameter d to tank diameter D is analyzed. The power consumption curve and Metzner constant of the anchor propeller and the helical fin blade energy-saving propeller with different geometric sizes are obtained. The results show that the helical fin blade energy-saving propeller promotes the axial and radial flow of the fluid in the stirred tank compared with the anchor propeller. With the increase of the helical fin spacing and the decrease of D / D ratio, the power consumption of the impeller decreases, while the average shear rate of the full trough decreases slightly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.46;O631.4

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