本文關(guān)鍵詞：吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢機(jī)理及防垢措施研究　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 吉林油田 結(jié)垢機(jī)理 聚合物阻垢劑 響應(yīng)面優(yōu)化 結(jié)垢趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)

【摘要】：吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢嚴(yán)重,影響正常生產(chǎn)。為了解決結(jié)垢問(wèn)題,采用X-射線能譜(EXD)、X-射線衍射儀(XRD)和掃描電鏡(SEM)等手段對(duì)吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了分析,利用原子吸收分光光度法和化學(xué)分析法對(duì)吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)東區(qū)、中區(qū)和西區(qū)三個(gè)區(qū)塊的水源井水、摻輸水和采出液(共23個(gè)水樣)的離子種類(lèi)、含量進(jìn)行了分析,分析結(jié)果表明結(jié)垢產(chǎn)物主要成分是Ca CO3垢,還含有少量的Mg CO3垢、硅鋁酸鹽垢和鐵垢,垢樣具有明顯的有機(jī)物包裹特征;各區(qū)塊水樣p H值均在7.5至8.2范圍之間,呈弱堿性,各區(qū)塊水源井水中HCO3-離子含量較少,采出液和摻輸水中HCO3-離子含量較高,各區(qū)塊水樣中Ca2+離子含量較高,最高含量達(dá)到59.12 mg/L,Mg2+離子含量較少,另外還含有少量的Fe2+離子和K+離子,各水樣中無(wú)CO32-離子。在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用化學(xué)溶度積和化學(xué)反應(yīng)方程式直觀地闡述了吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)的碳酸鈣垢結(jié)垢機(jī)理,吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)各水樣中碳酸鹽的濃度積遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于其溶度積,導(dǎo)致大量碳酸鹽析出結(jié)垢。注入水中攜帶有粘土,在管壁沉積形成硅鋁酸鹽結(jié)垢。少量鐵垢的產(chǎn)生是由于鐵腐蝕導(dǎo)致的。吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)水中含有大量的成垢離子Ca2+和HCO3-,它們以Ca(HCO3)2形式存在,此種物質(zhì)不穩(wěn)定,當(dāng)溫度升高時(shí)便可分解成Ca CO3。在平衡過(guò)程中,Ca(HCO3)2的溶解度遠(yuǎn)高于Ca CO3,當(dāng)溫度升高后,CO2析出,導(dǎo)致Ca CO3沉淀生成。選取東區(qū)9隊(duì)水源井水、東區(qū)3廠摻輸水和東區(qū)10隊(duì)總采出液,研究p H、溫度對(duì)它們所含鈣離子、碳酸氫根離子濃度的影響。當(dāng)水樣p H從7.5增加至9時(shí),水樣中HCO3-含量由17.86 mg/L降低到3.28 mg/L,隨著p H值的升高,水樣失鈣率逐漸變大,產(chǎn)生大量Ca CO3垢;當(dāng)溫度由15℃增加到45℃時(shí),隨著時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),Ca2+離子濃度逐漸降低,溫度越高,Ca2+離子濃度下降越快。15℃條件下,HCO3-離子濃度基本不隨時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而改變,30℃時(shí),HCO3-離子濃度隨時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)略微下降,但下降速度緩慢,45℃條件下,HCO3-離子濃度下降較快。針對(duì)吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)結(jié)垢的研究分析,采用馬來(lái)酸酐(MA)和丙烯酸(AA)為原料合成一種無(wú)磷環(huán)保型阻垢劑馬來(lái)酸-丙烯酸共聚物阻垢劑。利用響應(yīng)面優(yōu)化法對(duì)合成阻垢劑的反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度、引發(fā)劑用量、引發(fā)劑滴加時(shí)間等條件進(jìn)行了研究,在此模型基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)二次擬合回歸方程得出最佳合成條件為:反應(yīng)時(shí)間2.06 h,反應(yīng)溫度80.75℃,引發(fā)劑用量比例8.24%,引發(fā)劑滴加時(shí)間1.14 h,在此最優(yōu)條件下合成的共聚物阻垢劑的阻垢率為99.03%。對(duì)合成產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行物理性技術(shù)指標(biāo)的測(cè)定,其粘度為2745 m Pa?s、固含量為39.57%、密度為1.6~1.7 g/m L,同時(shí)測(cè)定了阻垢劑的緩蝕性能,在阻垢劑用量為60 mg/L時(shí),緩蝕率為61.69%。本論文研究了MA-AA共聚物阻垢劑的適用條件,包括共聚物阻垢劑用量、適用溫度、p H值對(duì)阻垢率的影響,在共聚物阻垢劑用量為60 mg/L時(shí),阻垢率達(dá)到97.89%;當(dāng)使用溫度在70℃時(shí),阻垢率達(dá)到98.07%;當(dāng)p H為7時(shí),阻垢率達(dá)到97.67%。采用吉林油田東區(qū)9隊(duì)水源井水、東區(qū)3廠摻輸水3、東區(qū)10隊(duì)采出液、東區(qū)3廠摻輸水4、和東區(qū)3廠水源總水的水樣,測(cè)試不同濃度阻垢劑對(duì)水樣的阻垢率,當(dāng)阻垢劑濃度為10至40 mg/L時(shí),可使吉林油田集輸系統(tǒng)的阻垢率達(dá)到90%以上,達(dá)到良好的阻垢效果。在對(duì)吉林油田集輸水水樣和垢樣進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,采用Davis-Stiff飽和指數(shù)法和Ryznar穩(wěn)定指數(shù)法對(duì)不同來(lái)源水樣及它們進(jìn)行配伍后碳酸鈣結(jié)垢的趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè),采用Valone-Skillern碳酸鈣垢生成最大數(shù)量預(yù)測(cè)公式計(jì)算了碳酸鈣垢的結(jié)垢量。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,水源井水自身不易結(jié)垢,在溫度、壓力和p H等條件改變時(shí)具有形成碳酸鈣垢的趨勢(shì);摻輸水和采出水的SAI值在4.63至5.38,具有明顯的結(jié)垢趨勢(shì),且最大結(jié)垢量在158.59至427.2 mg/L之間。將摻輸水、水源井水和采出液進(jìn)行配伍時(shí),結(jié)垢趨勢(shì)明顯,最大結(jié)垢預(yù)測(cè)量增加一倍。
[Abstract]:Jilin oilfield gathering system of serious scaling, affecting the normal production. In order to solve the problem of scaling, energy spectrum by X- ray (EXD), X- ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Jilin oilfield are analyzed in transportation system scaling products transportation system of Jilin Eastern oil absorption set spectrophotometric method and chemical analysis method using atomic, central and western three blocks of water wells, adding water and produced liquid (23 samples) of the ion species, content analysis, analysis results show that the fouling products is the main component of Ca CO3 scale, CO3 scale Mg also contains a small amount of silicon aluminate scale and iron scale, the scale has the obvious characteristics of the organic inclusions; each block samples P H values were between 7.5 and 8.2, weakly alkaline, less HCO3- ion content blocks water wells, produced liquid and gastransmission HCO3- ion in water content is higher, Ca2+ blocks in water Ion content is higher, the highest content reached 59.12 mg/L, less Mg2+ ion content, also containing a small amount of Fe2+ and K+ ions, CO32- ions in water samples. On the basis of the use of chemical solubility product and chemical reaction equation directly describes the scaling mechanism of calcium carbonate fouling in Jilin oilfield gathering system, Jilin oilfield the concentration of each water sample transport system in carbonate deposition is far greater than the solubility product, resulting in a large number of carbonate precipitation fouling. Injected water with clay, deposited on the tube walls forming aluminosilicate scaling. A small amount of iron scale is caused by iron corrosion caused by Jilin oilfield gathering system of water containing ions Ca2+ and HCO3- scale a large number of them in Ca (HCO3) 2 form, the material is not stable, when the temperature rise can be decomposed into Ca CO3. in balance in the process of Ca (HCO3) 2 solubility is much higher than that of Ca CO3, when the temperature rises, CO2 The precipitation caused Ca CO3 precipitation. The Eastern selection team 9 water wells, 3 water and plant with Eastern Eastern 10 teams produced liquid, P H, their temperature on calcium ion, the influence of the bicarbonate ion concentration. When the water P H increased from 7.5 to 9, the content of HCO3- in water decreased from 17.86 mg/L to 3.28 mg/L, with the increase of P H value, water calcium loss rate increases gradually, resulting in a large number of Ca CO3 scale; when the temperature increased from 15 degrees to 45 degrees, with the prolongation of time, the concentration of Ca2+ decreased gradually, the higher the temperature, the concentration of Ca2+ decreased more quickly at the temperature of.15 DEG C, HCO3- ion the basic concentration with time and change, 30 degrees, HCO3- ion concentration with time decreased slightly, but the rate of decline is slow, 45 DEG C, the concentration of HCO3- decreased rapidly. According to the analysis of transportation system in Jilin oilfield scaling, using maleic acid anhydride (MA) and acrylic acid (AA) as original The material synthesis of a phosphorus free environment-friendly maleic acid - acrylic acid copolymer scale inhibitor. The response surface optimization method for the synthesis of scale inhibitor reaction time, reaction temperature, initiator dosage, initiator dropping time were studied, on the basis of the model, through the two regression equation of the optimum synthesis conditions as the reaction time is 2.06 h, the reaction temperature is 80.75 DEG C, initiator ratio 8.24%, initiator dropping time of 1.14 h, under the optimum conditions of the synthesis of copolymer scale inhibitor inhibition rate for 99.03%. determination of physical and technical indicators of the synthetic product, its viscosity is 2745 m Pa s, the solid content is? 39.57%, density is 1.6~1.7 g/m L, corrosion inhibitor and scale inhibitor in the determination of content was 60 mg/L, the corrosion rate of the applicable conditions of MA-AA copolymer scale inhibitor 61.69%. for this thesis, including the copolymer with Volume, suitable temperature, P effect of H on the inhibition rate of the copolymer dosage is 60 mg/L, the inhibition rate reached 97.89%; when the temperature is at 70 DEG C, the inhibition rate reached 98.07%; when p H is 7, the inhibition rate reached 97.67%. in the east of Jilin oilfield team 9 water wells, East District 3 plant water doped 3, Eastern 10 team produced liquid, Eastern 3 factory 4 and 3 with water, the total water plant eastern water test scale and different concentrations of inhibitors for sample rate, when the inhibitor concentration is 10 to 40 mg/L, the Jilin oilfield gathering and transportation system of the scale inhibition rate reached 90% above, to achieve a good inhibiting effect. Based on the Jilin oilfield water collecting water and fouling sample analysis, prediction of different sources of water and their combination of calcium carbonate scaling by Davis-Stiff saturation index method and Ryznar index trend, using Valone-Skillern to generate the maximum calcium carbonate scale The number of prediction formula of scaling of calcium carbonate were calculated. The calculation results show that the water wells itself is not easy to scale, change in temperature, pressure and P H conditions with the formation of calcium carbonate scale trend; mixing water and produced water SAI value from 4.63 to 5.38, with obvious fouling tendency, and the maximum amount of scale from 158.59 to 427.2 mg/L. The mixed water, well water and produced fluid compatibility, the scaling tendency is obvious, the largest scale prediction doubled.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE86

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本文編號(hào)：1403545