扎蘭屯近代城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃與建筑研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-12 01:03
【摘要】：中東鐵路始建于十九世紀(jì)末，它是沙俄在中國(guó)東北部修筑的一條跨國(guó)鐵路。其干線從滿洲里到綏芬河，總長(zhǎng)1481.2公里。沿線兩側(cè)被俄方占用的土地形成了特定區(qū)域，被稱為“鐵路專用地”。后來由于日本全面占領(lǐng)東北，將其統(tǒng)稱為鐵路附屬地。在這些附屬地中，扎蘭屯是整個(gè)干線上最重要的站點(diǎn)之一。其自然條件獨(dú)特，戰(zhàn)略地位重要，與昂昂溪、博克圖、一面坡、橫道河子、滿洲里等構(gòu)成了鐵路沿線的幾個(gè)重要的功能區(qū)，有著自己形成的歷史和地域特定條件。日、俄在扎蘭屯駐扎軍隊(duì)，行使司法權(quán)，并設(shè)立機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)其進(jìn)行行政管理。還在扎蘭屯內(nèi)伐木、墾殖、開礦，經(jīng)營(yíng)交通、工商、市政、金融，從事教育和其他各種文化活動(dòng)，使扎蘭屯迅速的崛起和繁榮。對(duì)于扎蘭屯進(jìn)行全面系統(tǒng)的研究，不僅有助于揭示中東鐵路沿線較小附屬地的城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃和建筑特色，，還為其他站點(diǎn)的系統(tǒng)研究提供借鑒意義。 本課題通過對(duì)歷史資料的詳查和對(duì)現(xiàn)存遺產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)研，總結(jié)分析扎蘭屯城鎮(zhèn)的原有機(jī)理、整理歸類其歷史保護(hù)建筑，并對(duì)其建筑藝術(shù)特色進(jìn)行深入的探討和研究。首先提出扎蘭屯在中東鐵路沿線上的功能定位和重要作用，以及城鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)重要的歷史階段，即沙俄占領(lǐng)時(shí)期和日本占領(lǐng)時(shí)期。在沙俄占領(lǐng)時(shí)期時(shí)，扎蘭屯被劃分為三級(jí)站點(diǎn)，規(guī)劃形態(tài)以低密度的俄式建筑結(jié)合城市公園、森林等自然風(fēng)光布局，城鎮(zhèn)環(huán)境優(yōu)美適居。建筑樣式均為傳統(tǒng)俄式風(fēng)格，獨(dú)具藝術(shù)特色。在日本占領(lǐng)時(shí)期，扎蘭屯在原有市區(qū)基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行擴(kuò)張，路網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)和功能格局也得到了適當(dāng)?shù)母淖兒蛢?yōu)化。除此之外更設(shè)立學(xué)校、神社、協(xié)和會(huì)、縣屬等公共建筑，建筑樣式多為現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格，但歷經(jīng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)歲月洗禮，遺存至今的已經(jīng)不多。所以本文涉及到建筑藝術(shù)特色的研究，主要是針對(duì)俄式附屬建筑的研究。 總之，論文以中東鐵路附屬地扎蘭屯作為研究對(duì)象，分別從站點(diǎn)選址、城鎮(zhèn)功能、布局形態(tài)、建筑歸類以及藝術(shù)特色幾個(gè)方面對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析，從而揭示出扎蘭屯在中東鐵路沿線中占有的重要作用。并為日后的保護(hù)工作和學(xué)術(shù)研究提供一些借鑒。
[Abstract]:Founded in the late 19 th century, the Middle East Railway is a transnational railway built by Russia and Russia in northeast China. Its main line from Manzhouli to Suifen River, a total length of 1481.2 kilometers. The land occupied by Russia on both sides of the line forms a specific area, known as "railway land." Later, due to the full occupation of the Northeast by Japan, it was collectively referred to as a railway attachment. Of these satellite sites, Zalantun is one of the most important sites on the whole trunk line. Its natural conditions are unique and its strategic position is important. It has several important functional areas along the railway, such as Anonxi, Boktu, one slope, Hengdao Hezi, Manzhouli and so on, and has its own specific historical and regional conditions. In Japan, Russia stationed troops in Zalantun, exercised judicial power, and set up institutions to manage it. Also in Zalantun logging, reclamation, mining, transportation, industry and commerce, municipal, financial, engaged in education and other cultural activities, so that Zalantun rapid rise and prosperity. A comprehensive and systematic study of Zalantun is not only helpful to reveal the urban planning and architectural characteristics of the smaller affiliated areas along the Middle East Railway, but also provides a reference for the systematic research of other stations. Through the detailed investigation of historical data and the investigation of the present situation of the existing heritage, this paper summarizes and analyzes the original mechanism of Zalantun town, arranges and classifies its historical protected buildings, and makes a deep discussion and research on its architectural artistic characteristics. First of all, it puts forward the functional orientation and important role of Zalantun along the Middle East railway, and the development of cities and towns has gone through two important historical stages, namely, the period of Russian occupation and the period of Japanese occupation. During the period of Russian occupation, Zalantun was divided into three levels of stations, and the planning form was composed of low-density Russian buildings combined with urban parks, forests and other natural scenery layout, and the urban environment was beautiful and livable. Architectural styles are traditional Russian style, with unique artistic characteristics. During the period of Japanese occupation, Zalantun expanded on the basis of the original urban area, and the structure and functional pattern of the road network were also properly changed and optimized. In addition to the establishment of schools, shrines, Concorde, county and other public buildings, the architectural style is mostly modern style, but after the war years of baptism, the remains have not been many. Therefore, this paper involves the study of architectural art characteristics, mainly for the study of Russian-style ancillary architecture. In a word, this paper takes Zalantun, an affiliated part of Middle East Railway, as the research object, and analyzes it from the aspects of site selection, urban function, layout form, architectural classification and artistic characteristics, so as to reveal the important role of Zalantun along the Middle East Railway. And for the future protection work and academic research to provide some reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.2;TU-098.1
本文編號(hào)：2497599
[Abstract]:Founded in the late 19 th century, the Middle East Railway is a transnational railway built by Russia and Russia in northeast China. Its main line from Manzhouli to Suifen River, a total length of 1481.2 kilometers. The land occupied by Russia on both sides of the line forms a specific area, known as "railway land." Later, due to the full occupation of the Northeast by Japan, it was collectively referred to as a railway attachment. Of these satellite sites, Zalantun is one of the most important sites on the whole trunk line. Its natural conditions are unique and its strategic position is important. It has several important functional areas along the railway, such as Anonxi, Boktu, one slope, Hengdao Hezi, Manzhouli and so on, and has its own specific historical and regional conditions. In Japan, Russia stationed troops in Zalantun, exercised judicial power, and set up institutions to manage it. Also in Zalantun logging, reclamation, mining, transportation, industry and commerce, municipal, financial, engaged in education and other cultural activities, so that Zalantun rapid rise and prosperity. A comprehensive and systematic study of Zalantun is not only helpful to reveal the urban planning and architectural characteristics of the smaller affiliated areas along the Middle East Railway, but also provides a reference for the systematic research of other stations. Through the detailed investigation of historical data and the investigation of the present situation of the existing heritage, this paper summarizes and analyzes the original mechanism of Zalantun town, arranges and classifies its historical protected buildings, and makes a deep discussion and research on its architectural artistic characteristics. First of all, it puts forward the functional orientation and important role of Zalantun along the Middle East railway, and the development of cities and towns has gone through two important historical stages, namely, the period of Russian occupation and the period of Japanese occupation. During the period of Russian occupation, Zalantun was divided into three levels of stations, and the planning form was composed of low-density Russian buildings combined with urban parks, forests and other natural scenery layout, and the urban environment was beautiful and livable. Architectural styles are traditional Russian style, with unique artistic characteristics. During the period of Japanese occupation, Zalantun expanded on the basis of the original urban area, and the structure and functional pattern of the road network were also properly changed and optimized. In addition to the establishment of schools, shrines, Concorde, county and other public buildings, the architectural style is mostly modern style, but after the war years of baptism, the remains have not been many. Therefore, this paper involves the study of architectural art characteristics, mainly for the study of Russian-style ancillary architecture. In a word, this paper takes Zalantun, an affiliated part of Middle East Railway, as the research object, and analyzes it from the aspects of site selection, urban function, layout form, architectural classification and artistic characteristics, so as to reveal the important role of Zalantun along the Middle East Railway. And for the future protection work and academic research to provide some reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.2;TU-098.1
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 付雨千;昂昂溪中東鐵路建筑群文化空間解析[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年
本文編號(hào)：2497599
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