【摘要】：中國古典園林以“雖由人作,宛自天開”的造園思想,運用自然而然的造園手法創(chuàng)造出了“源于自然,高于自然”的園林山水。古典園林中的假山、水體、植被、建筑在給人們帶來無窮審美意境的同時無一不體現(xiàn)出古人深邃的哲思�！白匀弧逼返谧鳛橹袊诺鋱@林創(chuàng)作的最高理想和審美品鑒的最高標準,它的美學內涵是什么?如何才能在園林設計中達到這一審美高度?這是本文所要探討的內容。本文圍繞中國古典園林“自然”品第的歷史,內涵,應用,形成過程運用舉例論證法、引證法、圖例法及文獻研究法分三部分展開論述。論文首先論述了“自然”品第的含義：“自然”為“自然而然”之意；“品第”含義為“評定并分列次第”。并對“自然”品第這一美學品鑒標準的提出時間和時代背景作了簡要論述。分論由三部分構成：第一部分“自然”品第的歷史源流分別對“自然”品第的哲學淵源和美學淵源作了分析和論述。哲學淵源主要探討老莊哲學中“自然”的含義；美學淵源探討了“自然”品第品鑒標準的發(fā)展過程。第二部分試圖通過對中國古典園林空間經營、掇山理水、植物配置、建筑營構、園林虛景等要素的論述揭示出古典園林“自然”品第的現(xiàn)實映照。第三部分主要對“自然”品第的創(chuàng)作過程加以論述。由知識積累經歷意匠經營過程進而達到妙悟自然的審美境界,“自然”品第完成了從理論到實踐的轉換過程。結論部分對“自然”品第的美學內涵以及“自然”品第的現(xiàn)實意義作了總結和展望：“自然”品第是“六法俱全”的總稱；“氣韻生動”是“自然”品第的靈魂；“自然”品第是中國古典園林創(chuàng)作的最高理想,造園實踐的最高目標,園林鑒賞的最高境界。在資源緊缺、生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化的今天,“自然”品第造園理念對于當代園林可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the idea of "being made by man and opening from heaven", Chinese classical gardens have created a garden landscape which originates from nature and is higher than nature by using natural gardening techniques. The rockery, water body, vegetation and architecture in classical gardens not only bring infinite aesthetic artistic conception to people, but also embody the profound philosophy of the ancients. "Nature" is the highest ideal of Chinese classical garden creation and the highest standard of aesthetic taste. What is its aesthetic connotation? How can we achieve this aesthetic height in garden design? This is the content that this article wants to discuss. This paper focuses on the history, connotation, application and formation process of "nature" in Chinese classical gardens, which are divided into three parts: illustrative method, citation method, schematic method and literature research method. First of all, the paper discusses the meaning of "nature": "nature" means "natural", and the meaning of "product" is "evaluation and classification". The time and background of putting forward the aesthetic standard of Nature are briefly discussed. The theory consists of three parts: the first part analyzes and discusses the philosophical origin and aesthetic origin of nature. The philosophical origin mainly probes into the meaning of "nature" in Lao Zhuang's philosophy, and the aesthetic origin probes into the development process of the quality standard of "nature". The second part attempts to reveal the realistic reflection of the "nature" of classical gardens through the discussion of the space management of Chinese classical gardens, the arrangement of mountains and water, the allocation of plants, the construction of architecture, the virtual scene of gardens and so on. The third part mainly discusses the creative process of Nature. From the accumulation of knowledge to the management process of the craftsman and then to the aesthetic realm of wonderful understanding of nature, the "nature" product completes the process of transformation from theory to practice. In the conclusion part, the aesthetic connotation of "nature" and the practical significance of "nature" are summarized and prospected: "nature" is the general name of "six methods", "vivid charm" is the soul of "nature", and "natural" is the soul of "nature". Nature is the highest ideal of Chinese classical garden creation, the highest goal of garden practice and the highest realm of garden appreciation. With the shortage of resources and the deterioration of ecological environment, the concept of "nature" garden has certain reference significance for the sustainable development of contemporary gardens.
【學位授予單位】：江西農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU986.1

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