發(fā)布時間：2019-04-02 01:31

【摘要】：設(shè)計初期對高大空間空調(diào)氣流組織的預(yù)測以及對不同設(shè)計方案空調(diào)效果的預(yù)測,一直是困擾工程設(shè)計人員的難題。隨著計算機技術(shù)的高速發(fā)展以及計算流體動力學(xué)(CFD,ComputationalFluidDynamics)的發(fā)展,使應(yīng)用CFD技術(shù)模擬預(yù)測高大空間氣流組織、熱舒適性以及優(yōu)化設(shè)計方案成為可能。本文采用CFD數(shù)值模擬的方法對高大中庭空調(diào)氣流組織及熱舒適性進行了研究,以期研究結(jié)果能為實際工程的空調(diào)設(shè)計提供一定的參考。 本文以濟南市某大型公共建筑的高大中庭為研究對象,根據(jù)建筑的實際尺寸以及空調(diào)設(shè)計參數(shù),建立分層空調(diào)設(shè)計方案下的計算模型。采用FLUENT軟件,對分層空調(diào)設(shè)計方案下的氣流組織和熱舒適性進行了三維數(shù)值模擬研究,并對模擬結(jié)果進行了分析。模擬計算運用κ-ε兩方程紊流模型和SIMPLE算法,近壁區(qū)采用壁面函數(shù)法考慮墻壁邊界條件。 本文針對夏季和冬季不同的分層空調(diào)設(shè)計方案,詳細(xì)分析了氣流組織分布特性,并對各方案下的溫度場、速度場、PPD-PMV值分布進行了研究分析。針對冬季工況,探討了送風(fēng)角度、送風(fēng)方式、有無地暖等不同因素對室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境的影響。通過選取經(jīng)典實驗小室做模擬,把模擬結(jié)果與實驗結(jié)果做對比,驗證了CFD研究方法的正確性和可靠性。 研究結(jié)果表明： 1.對于夏季空調(diào),風(fēng)口布置方式對所選高大中庭氣流組織影響不大,兩側(cè)送風(fēng)和中間送風(fēng)都能實現(xiàn)分層空調(diào)的效果,相比之下,中間送風(fēng)要優(yōu)于兩側(cè)送風(fēng)。 2.對于冬季空調(diào),送風(fēng)角度對氣流組織影響較大。兩側(cè)送風(fēng)時,送風(fēng)角度在20°～30°為佳；中間送風(fēng)時,送風(fēng)角度在20°時比較好。同一送風(fēng)角度下,送風(fēng)方式對分層空調(diào)氣流組織也有影響,針對本文送風(fēng)角度為20°時,中間送風(fēng)方式要好于兩側(cè)送風(fēng)方式。有無地暖對分層空調(diào)氣流組織也有較大影響,研究結(jié)果表明,無論在哪種送風(fēng)方式下,設(shè)置地暖都有利于減小中庭垂直溫度梯度。 3.通過實驗值和模擬值的對比,驗證了CFD模擬方法的可靠性,從而證明CFD方法模擬高大中庭空調(diào)氣流組織的可行性。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the design, the prediction of air flow distribution in large space air-conditioning and the prediction of air-conditioning effect of different design schemes have always been difficult problems for engineering designers. With the rapid development of computer technology and the development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD,ComputationalFluidDynamics), it is possible to use CFD technology to simulate and predict the airflow distribution in large space, thermal comfort and optimization design scheme. In this paper, the CFD numerical simulation method is used to study the airflow distribution and thermal comfort of the tall atrium air-conditioning system, in order to provide some reference for the air-conditioning design of the practical engineering. Taking the tall atrium of a large public building in Jinan as the research object, according to the actual size of the building and the design parameters of air-conditioning, the calculation model under the design scheme of layered air-conditioning is established. The three-dimensional numerical simulation of air flow distribution and thermal comfort under the design scheme of layered air-conditioning was carried out by using FLUENT software, and the simulation results were analyzed. The k-蔚 two-equation turbulence model and SIMPLE algorithm are used in the simulation, and the wall boundary conditions are taken into account by the wall function method in the near wall region. In this paper, according to different design schemes of layered air conditioning in summer and winter, the distribution characteristics of air distribution are analyzed in detail, and the temperature field, velocity field and PPD-PMV value distribution of each scheme are studied and analyzed. According to winter conditions, the influence of different factors, such as air supply angle, air supply mode and ground warming, on indoor thermal environment is discussed. The correctness and reliability of the CFD method are verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results by selecting the classical experimental chamber as the simulation. The results show that: 1. For air-conditioning in summer, the arrangement of tuyere has little effect on the airflow distribution of the selected tall atrium. Both the air supply on both sides and the air supply in the middle can achieve the effect of layered air conditioning, in contrast, the air supply in the middle is better than the air supply on both sides. 2. For winter air conditioning, the air supply angle has a great influence on the air distribution. The best angle is 20 擄~ 30 擄for both sides and 20 擄~ 30 擄for intermediate air supply. At the same supply angle, the air supply mode also has an effect on the air distribution of the stratified air conditioning. When the air supply angle is 20 擄, the intermediate air supply mode is better than the air supply mode on both sides of the air supply mode in this paper. There is also a great influence on the air distribution of stratified air conditioning with or without ground heating. The results show that no matter which air supply mode the ground warming is beneficial to reduce the vertical temperature gradient in the atrium. 3. The reliability of the CFD simulation method is verified by comparing the experimental values with the simulated values, and the feasibility of simulating the airflow distribution of the tall atrium air conditioning by the CFD method is proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU831

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本文編號：2452100