【摘要】：當(dāng)代中國正在發(fā)生著深刻地變化，在我們的生活質(zhì)量得到明顯改善的同時(shí)也感受到了現(xiàn)代化帶給我們文化上的一種沖擊、斷裂和失落。近些年來，隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展，人們開始重新認(rèn)識和解讀民族文化，，要了解中國的傳統(tǒng)文化，就得了解漢字。中華民族的先民們用整體的思維創(chuàng)造了漢文，說漢語、寫漢字，又培養(yǎng)了我們同樣的思維，而楹聯(lián)恰恰是最能體現(xiàn)我們祖先們將漢字、文學(xué)、書法、意境和建筑空間相結(jié)合的天衣無縫的文化載體之一。本課題以關(guān)中地區(qū)的明清建筑楹聯(lián)為主要研究對象。所謂“楹聯(lián)”，就是懸掛在建筑正面明間正貼柱子上的聯(lián)句，“楹”指古建筑明間前部門前的兩根柱子，“聯(lián)”指聯(lián)句或聯(lián)語，是由兩個(gè)工整的對偶句構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立語句。楹聯(lián)集文學(xué)、書法、篆刻藝術(shù)于一身，是絕大部分明清建筑的重要組成部分。 本課題以文化人類學(xué)的研究方法為主，結(jié)合建筑類型學(xué)、建筑符號學(xué)的理論與方法。通過對實(shí)地調(diào)研資料與歷史文獻(xiàn)的解讀，對關(guān)中地區(qū)明清建筑楹聯(lián)上的文法、書法、章法和刀法以及在對楹聯(lián)本體進(jìn)行研究的基礎(chǔ)上，再對楹聯(lián)與明清建筑關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究，這其中包括楹聯(lián)對建筑空間的創(chuàng)造，楹聯(lián)對建筑意境的營造，建筑為楹聯(lián)的感發(fā)提供契機(jī)，建筑是楹聯(lián)依附的載體，楹聯(lián)在明清建筑中的功能、作用與價(jià)值等等。 明清建筑楹聯(lián)的類型、特征、制作工藝、歷史發(fā)展軌跡等為明清建筑文化的研究提供了一個(gè)新的視角，為楹聯(lián)和明清建筑相互依存及發(fā)展關(guān)系提出新的認(rèn)識和見解。建筑楹聯(lián)整體創(chuàng)造了秩序空間；楹聯(lián)幅式創(chuàng)造了視覺空間；楹聯(lián)書法創(chuàng)造了知覺空間。楹聯(lián)在明清建筑中具有文化傳承、道德教化、文藝審美、愉悅性情、記事寫史、說明揭示、渲染氛圍和游戲娛樂等功能。楹聯(lián)在明清建筑中具有指導(dǎo)營建、點(diǎn)題立意、詠史懷古、情景交融、托物言志、借景喻理、擴(kuò)展空間和裝飾建筑等非常重要的作用。楹聯(lián)在明清建筑中具有歷史價(jià)值、審美價(jià)值、旅游價(jià)值和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。除此之外，本課題的研究還得出了建設(shè)楹聯(lián)數(shù)據(jù)庫的的五個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)層次等成果。
[Abstract]:Contemporary China is undergoing profound changes. While our quality of life has been obviously improved, we also feel the impact, fracture and loss of modernization on our culture. In recent years, with the vigorous development of Chinese economy, people begin to understand and interpret the national culture again, in order to understand the Chinese traditional culture, we must understand the Chinese characters. The ancestors of the Chinese nation created the Chinese language, spoke Chinese, wrote Chinese characters, and trained us to think the same way, and couplets are precisely the ones that best reflect the Chinese characters, literature and calligraphy of our ancestors. The combination of artistic conception and architectural space is one of the seamless cultural carriers. This subject focuses on the couplets of Ming and Qing dynasties in Guanzhong area. The so-called "couplet" is a couplet hanging on the front of a building, which is attached to a column. "jacaranda" refers to the two pillars in front of the ancient building, and the "couplet" refers to a sentence or a couplet, which is an independent sentence composed of two neat dual sentences. Couplets, literature, calligraphy, seal cutting art in one, is an important part of most Ming and Qing architecture. This subject focuses on the research methods of cultural anthropology, combined with the theories and methods of architectural typology and architectural semiotics. Through the interpretation of field investigation materials and historical documents, this paper studies the relationship between couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties and the relationship between couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties on the basis of the study of couplets in the Ming and Qing dynasties and the grammar, calligraphy, chapter and knife methods of the couplets in the Ming and Qing dynasties in Guanzhong area. These include the creation of architectural space by couplets, the creation of architectural artistic conception by couplets, the opportunity provided by architecture for the emergence of couplets, the carrier of couplets' attachment, the functions, functions and values of couplets in the Ming and Qing dynasties architecture, and so on. The architectural couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties provide a new perspective for the study of architectural culture in Ming and Qing dynasties, and provide a new understanding and opinion for the interdependence and development relationship between couplets and architecture in Ming and Qing dynasties, such as the types, characteristics, making techniques, and historical development tracks of architectural couplets in Ming and Qing dynasties. Architectural couplets create order space; couplets create visual space; couplets calligraphy creates perceptual space. Couplets have the functions of cultural inheritance, moral education, literary and artistic aesthetics, pleasant temperament, memorizing and writing history, revealing, rendering atmosphere and entertainment in Ming and Qing dynasties. Couplets play a very important role in the construction of Ming and Qing dynasties, such as guiding construction, setting up a topic, singing history and nostalgia, blending scenery and scenery, supporting things and expressing aspirations, making use of landscape theory, expanding space and decorating architecture, and so on. Couplets have historical value, aesthetic value, tourist value and economic value in Ming and Qing dynasties. In addition, the study of this subject also obtains the five structural levels of the construction of couplets database.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU-092

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