【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和技術(shù)科技的不斷提高,超高層結(jié)構(gòu)、大跨度橋梁、以及大跨度空間結(jié)構(gòu)也不斷增多。由于結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性,這些對(duì)我國結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和抗震技術(shù)提出了更大的挑戰(zhàn)。而尤其我國屬于地震多發(fā)國家,近幾十年來地震給我國帶來的人員傷亡以及財(cái)產(chǎn)損失十分嚴(yán)重,所以抗風(fēng)抗震技術(shù)的提高顯得尤為重要。 粘彈性阻尼器是一種有效的被動(dòng)減震(振)控制裝置,其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、制作方便具有很廣泛的工程適用性。但是隨著對(duì)抗震技術(shù)要求的不斷提高,傳統(tǒng)的粘彈性阻尼器所提供的剪切剛度單一、不可控,導(dǎo)致粘彈性阻尼器在發(fā)展和應(yīng)用中的受到限制。磁流變彈性體可以看成是剪切剛度可調(diào)的粘彈性材料,屬于磁流變智能材料的一個(gè)新分支,在沒有外部磁場(chǎng)的作用下,磁流變彈性體發(fā)揮粘彈性體的性能,在外部磁場(chǎng)的作用下,可以提供一個(gè)可控的剪切剛度,目前磁流變彈性體已經(jīng)在在減振器,硬度可調(diào)防震墊,汽車懸架和可變阻抗面等方面進(jìn)行了探索。 為了能保留傳統(tǒng)粘彈性阻尼器的優(yōu)良性能,又使得粘彈性阻尼器有一個(gè)幅度很大的可調(diào)剪切剛度,本文利用磁流變彈性體設(shè)計(jì)了新型可調(diào)剛度粘彈性阻尼器。新型可調(diào)剛度粘彈性阻尼器的設(shè)計(jì)來源于傳統(tǒng)的粘彈性阻尼器,文本用磁流變彈性體代替粘彈性阻尼器的普通橡膠材料。新型阻尼器在沒有外部磁場(chǎng)的情況下,由粘彈性材料發(fā)揮耗能作用,在外界磁場(chǎng)的作用下,磁流變材料中的磁性顆�？梢援a(chǎn)生一個(gè)可控的剪切力。 良好的磁路是磁流變效應(yīng)能夠高效發(fā)揮的重要因素,為了確保自行設(shè)計(jì)的阻尼器磁路能有效的運(yùn)行,本文對(duì)自行設(shè)計(jì)的新型可調(diào)剛度阻尼器進(jìn)行了磁場(chǎng)有限元分析和電磁學(xué)分析,利用所建立的有限元模型和電磁學(xué)模型進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)的可行性和合理性,并對(duì)尺寸組合進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。 本文按照理論分析所的方案,對(duì)新型阻尼器實(shí)體鑄造,并利用液壓伺服加載系統(tǒng)對(duì)阻尼器進(jìn)行了性能試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)證明新型阻尼器隨電流的改變有一個(gè)連續(xù)可調(diào)的剪切剛度。最后本文建立起適用于新型可調(diào)剛度粘彈性阻尼器的力學(xué)模型,并利用軟件進(jìn)行仿真與試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,證明了力學(xué)模型的正確性。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of technology in our country, the number of super-high-rise structures, long-span bridges and long-span spatial structures is increasing. Due to the complexity of the structure, these challenges to the structural design and seismic technology in China. Especially our country belongs to the earthquake-prone country. In recent decades, the earthquake has caused serious casualties and property losses in our country, so the improvement of anti-wind anti-seismic technology is particularly important. Viscoelastic damper is an effective passive shock absorber (vibration) control device. Its structure is simple, and its fabrication is convenient and has a wide range of engineering applicability. However, with the increasing demands on seismic technology, the shear stiffness provided by the traditional viscoelastic dampers is single and uncontrollable, which leads to the limitation of the development and application of viscoelastic dampers. Magnetorheological elastomer can be regarded as a viscoelastic material with adjustable shear stiffness, which belongs to a new branch of magnetorheological smart material. Without the effect of external magnetic field, the magneto-rheological elastomer can play the role of viscoelastic body. Under the action of external magnetic field, a controllable shear stiffness can be provided. At present, the magneto-rheological elastomer has been explored in the aspects of shock absorber, adjustable hardness cushion, automobile suspension and variable impedance surface, etc. In order to preserve the excellent performance of the traditional viscoelastic dampers and make the viscoelastic dampers have a large range of adjustable shear stiffness, a new type of adjustable stiffness viscoelastic dampers are designed by using magneto-rheological elastomer. A new type of viscoelastic damper with adjustable stiffness is designed from the traditional viscoelastic damper. In this paper, the conventional rubber material of viscoelastic damper is replaced by magneto-rheological elastomer. Under the condition of no external magnetic field, the new damper can dissipate energy by viscoelastic material. Under the action of external magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magneto-rheological material can produce a controllable shear force. A good magnetic circuit is an important factor for the high efficiency of the magnetorheological effect. In order to ensure that the self-designed magnetic circuit of the damper can operate effectively, In this paper, the magnetic field finite element analysis and electromagnetism analysis of the new adjustable stiffness damper are carried out. The feasibility and rationality of the design are further verified by using the established finite element model and the electromagnetic model. The size combination is optimized. In this paper, according to the scheme of theoretical analysis, the solid casting of the new damper is carried out, and the performance test of the damper with hydraulic servo loading system is carried out. It is proved that the new damper has a continuously adjustable shear stiffness with the change of current. Finally, a mechanical model suitable for a new type of adjustable stiffness viscoelastic damper is established, and the correctness of the mechanical model is proved by comparing the simulation data with the experimental data by using the software.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.11

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本文編號(hào)：2410663