深圳虛擬大學(xué)園下墊面對熱環(huán)境的影響與優(yōu)化策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-24 21:34
【摘要】：伴隨全球人口的增長和城市化進(jìn)程的加快，城市土地利用面積的不斷增長，原本的的林地、草地、水塘、農(nóng)田等不斷被硬質(zhì)鋪地、水泥、瀝青等人工材料所代替。這樣對地球表面的城市化改造迅速進(jìn)行，從根本上改變了城市下墊面的熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)，以及地表附近的熱交換和表面氣體動力粗糙度，對城市熱環(huán)境產(chǎn)生極大的負(fù)面影響，使城市的儲存熱量增加、風(fēng)速減小、熱量難以擴散，再加上城市人口密集、建筑密度大、工商業(yè)高度集中，這就使得城市的氣溫高于郊區(qū)，形成了城市熱環(huán)境問題。 本文針對深圳虛擬大學(xué)園的夏季熱環(huán)境問題，以園區(qū)下墊面狀況為切入點，研究下墊面對熱環(huán)境的影響作用，并總結(jié)相應(yīng)優(yōu)化策略。首先，解析了城市下墊面和熱環(huán)境的相關(guān)問題，并回顧了國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的進(jìn)展，明確了現(xiàn)有研究中存在的問題和不足，，指出了通過改造下墊面優(yōu)化城市熱環(huán)境的可行性；其次，就城市下墊面和熱環(huán)境相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論進(jìn)行針對性研究，系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了城市下墊面與熱環(huán)境的相關(guān)研究思路、內(nèi)容與方法。通過城市能量平衡方程，分析城市下墊面各種熱力學(xué)屬性的改變對熱環(huán)境的影響，為后續(xù)的研究提供相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)；再次，通過對深圳虛擬大學(xué)園園區(qū)進(jìn)行熱環(huán)境的現(xiàn)場實測、園區(qū)室外公共空間使用情況及其熱舒適情況調(diào)研以及園區(qū)熱環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀的CFD數(shù)值模擬，明確園區(qū)內(nèi)存在熱環(huán)境問題，需要進(jìn)行下墊面改造的區(qū)域；最后，應(yīng)用CFD數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)，以園內(nèi)三種類型下墊面為變量，構(gòu)建不同下墊面組合進(jìn)行熱環(huán)境模擬，確定不同下墊面對熱環(huán)境的影響作用，并利用以上模擬實測所得到的結(jié)果，在深圳虛擬大學(xué)園內(nèi)選取具體地塊進(jìn)行改造，對改造后的方案進(jìn)行熱環(huán)境模擬，分析評價改造后的模擬結(jié)果，在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化策略。 本文研究了城市下墊面與熱環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系，并提出了有建設(shè)性的改造策略，為數(shù)值模擬優(yōu)化城市熱環(huán)境研究奠定了理論和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)，研究成果可用于對城市熱環(huán)境的前期設(shè)計規(guī)劃和后期改造優(yōu)化，以實現(xiàn)城市更加健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:With the increase of global population and the acceleration of urbanization, the area of urban land use is increasing, and the original woodlands, grasslands, reservoirs, farmland and so on are replaced by artificial materials such as hard paving, cement, asphalt and so on. Thus, the rapid urbanization of the earth's surface has fundamentally changed the thermodynamic properties of the urban underlying surface, as well as the heat exchange and surface gas dynamic roughness near the surface, which has a great negative impact on the urban thermal environment, It makes the storage heat increase, the wind speed decreases, and the heat is difficult to diffuse. In addition, the urban population is dense, the building density is high, and the industry and commerce are highly concentrated, which makes the temperature of the city higher than that of the suburb, and forms the urban thermal environment problem. Aiming at the summer thermal environment of Shenzhen Virtual University Park, this paper studies the effect of underlay on the thermal environment and summarizes the corresponding optimization strategies. Firstly, the related problems of urban underlying surface and thermal environment are analyzed, and the related research progress at home and abroad is reviewed. The existing problems and shortcomings in the existing research are clarified, and the feasibility of optimizing urban thermal environment by reforming the underlying surface is pointed out. Secondly, the relevant basic theories of urban underlying surface and thermal environment are studied, and the related research ideas, contents and methods of urban underlying surface and thermal environment are summarized systematically. Through the energy balance equation of the city, the influence of the change of the thermodynamic properties on the thermal environment of the urban underlying surface is analyzed, which provides the relevant theoretical basis for the subsequent research. Thirdly, through the field measurement of the thermal environment of Shenzhen Virtual University Park, the investigation of outdoor public space and its thermal comfort, and the CFD numerical simulation of the park thermal environment, it is clear that there are thermal environment problems in the park. Areas where the underlying surface needs to be reconstructed; Finally, by using CFD numerical simulation technology and taking three types of underlying surfaces in the garden as variables, different underlying surface combinations are constructed to simulate the thermal environment, and the effects of different underlying surfaces on the thermal environment are determined, and the results obtained from the above simulated measurements are used. In the garden of Shenzhen Virtual University, specific plots were selected to carry out the thermal environment simulation, and the simulation results were analyzed and evaluated. On the basis of this, the corresponding optimization strategies were put forward. In this paper, the relationship between the underlying surface of the city and the thermal environment is studied, and a constructive transformation strategy is proposed, which lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the numerical simulation and optimization of the urban thermal environment. The research results can be used to design and optimize the urban thermal environment in the early stage and in the later stage so as to realize the goal of more healthy and sustainable development of the city.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU119
本文編號：2355144
[Abstract]:With the increase of global population and the acceleration of urbanization, the area of urban land use is increasing, and the original woodlands, grasslands, reservoirs, farmland and so on are replaced by artificial materials such as hard paving, cement, asphalt and so on. Thus, the rapid urbanization of the earth's surface has fundamentally changed the thermodynamic properties of the urban underlying surface, as well as the heat exchange and surface gas dynamic roughness near the surface, which has a great negative impact on the urban thermal environment, It makes the storage heat increase, the wind speed decreases, and the heat is difficult to diffuse. In addition, the urban population is dense, the building density is high, and the industry and commerce are highly concentrated, which makes the temperature of the city higher than that of the suburb, and forms the urban thermal environment problem. Aiming at the summer thermal environment of Shenzhen Virtual University Park, this paper studies the effect of underlay on the thermal environment and summarizes the corresponding optimization strategies. Firstly, the related problems of urban underlying surface and thermal environment are analyzed, and the related research progress at home and abroad is reviewed. The existing problems and shortcomings in the existing research are clarified, and the feasibility of optimizing urban thermal environment by reforming the underlying surface is pointed out. Secondly, the relevant basic theories of urban underlying surface and thermal environment are studied, and the related research ideas, contents and methods of urban underlying surface and thermal environment are summarized systematically. Through the energy balance equation of the city, the influence of the change of the thermodynamic properties on the thermal environment of the urban underlying surface is analyzed, which provides the relevant theoretical basis for the subsequent research. Thirdly, through the field measurement of the thermal environment of Shenzhen Virtual University Park, the investigation of outdoor public space and its thermal comfort, and the CFD numerical simulation of the park thermal environment, it is clear that there are thermal environment problems in the park. Areas where the underlying surface needs to be reconstructed; Finally, by using CFD numerical simulation technology and taking three types of underlying surfaces in the garden as variables, different underlying surface combinations are constructed to simulate the thermal environment, and the effects of different underlying surfaces on the thermal environment are determined, and the results obtained from the above simulated measurements are used. In the garden of Shenzhen Virtual University, specific plots were selected to carry out the thermal environment simulation, and the simulation results were analyzed and evaluated. On the basis of this, the corresponding optimization strategies were put forward. In this paper, the relationship between the underlying surface of the city and the thermal environment is studied, and a constructive transformation strategy is proposed, which lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the numerical simulation and optimization of the urban thermal environment. The research results can be used to design and optimize the urban thermal environment in the early stage and in the later stage so as to realize the goal of more healthy and sustainable development of the city.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU119
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