【摘要】：由于城市化進(jìn)程的推進(jìn),城市建設(shè)需要大量不同功能、不同種類的混凝土混凝土種類的增加要求利用新材料和新技術(shù)。為了經(jīng)濟有效地提高混凝土的各項性能,生物質(zhì)纖維、具有水硬活性的礦物已經(jīng)開始被用作摻合料拌制混凝土。我們了解到,稻草等秸稈富含能在一定程度上替代混凝土中鋼筋的纖維；富含具有水硬活性的游離二氧化硅,然而,目前為止,國內(nèi)外的研究對象均局限于小麥秸稈和稻殼等極少部分農(nóng)作物剩余物,而油菜秸稈等鮮見研究。 本文基于上述現(xiàn)狀,選擇油菜秸稈為研究對象,就秸稈基混凝土的相關(guān)性能進(jìn)行深入研究。作者將油菜秸稈粉碎后增量替代水泥添加到混凝土中；將油菜秸稈灰分等量替代水泥添加到混凝土中,且該油菜秸稈灰分,是在通過對其水硬活性影響因素進(jìn)行試驗研究得到的油菜秸稈中二氧化硅活性最佳激發(fā)條件下灰化油菜秸稈所得。分別測出混凝土的和易性、表觀密度、抗壓強度及PH值,并進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,主要結(jié)論如下 (1)相同配合比條件下,隨著秸稈碎料摻量的增加,混凝土表觀密度和抗壓強度均降低；但當(dāng)秸稈長度大于2.0cm時,抗壓強度降低幅度趨緩,且極限承載狀態(tài)下表現(xiàn)出良好的塑性。 (2)水洗能使油菜秸稈灰分中Si02的質(zhì)量百分比增大60%以上,堿金屬及易揮發(fā)物質(zhì)減少50%以上,灰分熔點得到有效提高,結(jié)渣率明顯降低；油菜秸稈灰分中SiO2潛在水硬活性激發(fā)最完全的條件為：油菜秸稈經(jīng)水洗,在500℃下恒溫煅燒5h。 (3)混凝土中秸稈灰分的最適摻量大約為20%；灰分摻量為20%時,水灰比取0.5,混凝土性能最優(yōu)。 (4)粉碎處理添加法適用于對混凝土強度要求不高但對其韌性有要求的非主體混凝土構(gòu)件；而煅燒處理添加法適用于承載不大的農(nóng)村建筑主體混凝土構(gòu)件,實現(xiàn)了就地取材。
[Abstract]:Due to the advancement of urbanization, urban construction needs a large number of different functions, and the increase of different types of concrete requires the use of new materials and new technologies. In order to improve the performance of concrete economically and effectively, biomass fiber, minerals with water-hardening activity, have been used as admixtures to mix concrete. We know that straw, such as straw, is rich in fibers that can replace steel bars in concrete to some extent; Free silica with water-hardening activity is rich, however, so far, the research objects at home and abroad are limited to wheat straw and rice husk and so on very few crop residues, but rape straw and so on rare research. In this paper, rape straw is chosen as the research object, and the correlativity of straw based concrete is studied deeply. The author added the incremental cement to the concrete after the rape straw was crushed. The ash content of rape straw was replaced by cement, and the ash content of rape straw was added to the concrete. It is obtained from the best activation condition of silica in rape straw by the experimental study on the influencing factors of its water-hardening activity. The easiness, apparent density, compressive strength and PH value of concrete were measured, and the data were analyzed. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) under the same mixture ratio, with the increase of the amount of straw debris, The apparent density and compressive strength of concrete decreased. However, when the straw length is larger than 2.0cm, the reduction of compressive strength slows down, and it shows good plasticity under the ultimate loading condition. (2) washing can increase the mass percentage of Si02 in rape straw ash by more than 60%, decrease alkali metal and volatile matter by more than 50%, increase ash melting point effectively and reduce slagging rate obviously; The most complete conditions for the activation of SiO2 potential water-hardening activity in rape straw ash were as follows: rape straw was washed and calcined at 500 鈩，

本文編號：2299032