【摘要】：填埋法是包括我國(guó)在內(nèi)的世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家普遍采用的垃圾處置方法，與其他垃圾處置方法相比，其具有處理垃圾數(shù)量大、方便易行等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。但這種方法也存在著許多二次污染問(wèn)題,比如填埋氣和滲濾液等。如不妥善處理，將會(huì)對(duì)附近地區(qū)，尤其是地下水造成污染。如何采取有效措施防止垃圾填埋的二次污染，是亟待解決的重要課題。 襯墊系統(tǒng)是垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的重要組成部分，但襯墊在外界環(huán)境影響下出現(xiàn)裂隙。裂隙對(duì)襯墊的防滲性能有著重要的影響，必須對(duì)其進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)深入地研究才能保證襯墊的可靠性和有效性。研究受滲濾液影響下裂隙襯墊的防滲性能，對(duì)于防止垃圾填埋場(chǎng)對(duì)周圍環(huán)境的污染具有重要的社會(huì)意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文采用室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)、理論分析等方法，對(duì)土體在干濕循環(huán)條件下裂隙的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展、滲濾液作用對(duì)裂隙襯墊防滲性能的影響等進(jìn)行了初步的探討。本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容主要包括： （1）采用室內(nèi)模擬試驗(yàn)方法，研究壓實(shí)黏土在多次干濕循環(huán)作用下，裂隙的演化規(guī)律。將裂隙圖像進(jìn)行矢量化處理后，通過(guò)計(jì)算得出裂隙相關(guān)參數(shù)。從脫濕過(guò)程與再次水化過(guò)程兩方面得到了壓實(shí)黏土裂隙開(kāi)展機(jī)理及變化規(guī)律。 （2）探討溶液及不同膨潤(rùn)土含量對(duì)黏土界限含水率的影響。對(duì)不同膨潤(rùn)土含量的黏土在不同溶液作用下的界限含水率進(jìn)行研究，加深了膨潤(rùn)土含量、孔隙溶液等因素對(duì)黏土界限含水率影響規(guī)律的認(rèn)識(shí)，初步探明了滲濾液與土的相互作用機(jī)理。 （3）采用室內(nèi)滲透實(shí)驗(yàn)方法，研究裂隙對(duì)壓實(shí)黏土襯墊滲透性能的影響。以去氣自來(lái)水和垃圾填埋場(chǎng)滲濾液中代表性污染物為模擬滲濾液，采用變水頭試驗(yàn)測(cè)量無(wú)裂隙以及出現(xiàn)裂隙后土樣的飽和滲透系數(shù)，，并進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。 （4）將襯墊劃分為裂隙部分和非裂隙部分，通過(guò)污染物運(yùn)移的對(duì)流彌散方程的計(jì)算，探討不同襯墊厚度情況下裂隙擴(kuò)展深度、裂隙層和下覆層滲透系數(shù)對(duì)污染物運(yùn)移的影響。
[Abstract]:Landfill method is a kind of waste disposal method which is widely used in most countries in the world including our country. Compared with other waste disposal methods, it has the advantages of large amount of garbage treatment, convenient and easy to carry out and so on. However, there are many secondary pollution problems in this method, such as landfill gas and leachate. If not properly treated, it will cause pollution to nearby areas, especially groundwater. How to take effective measures to prevent secondary pollution of landfill is an important subject to be solved. The liner system is an important part of the landfill site, but cracks appear in the gasket under the influence of the external environment. The crack has an important influence on the impermeability of the liner, and it must be studied systematically and deeply to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the liner. It is of great social significance and application value to study the anti-seepage performance of the fissure liner under the influence of leachate to prevent the pollution of the surrounding environment in the landfill site. In this paper, laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis and other methods are used to discuss the formation and development of cracks in soil under dry and wet circulation and the influence of leachate on the impermeability of fissure liners. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the evolution of cracks in compacted clay under dry and wet cycles is studied by laboratory simulation test. After vectorizing the fracture image, the fracture related parameters are calculated. The mechanism and variation of compacted clay fissures were obtained from the dehumidification process and rehydration process. (2) the effect of solution and bentonite content on the limit moisture content of clay is discussed. The limit water content of clay with different bentonite content under the action of different solution was studied. The effect of bentonite content, pore solution and other factors on the limit water content of clay was studied. The mechanism of interaction between leachate and soil was preliminarily investigated. (3) the influence of cracks on permeability of compacted clay liner was studied by laboratory permeation experiment. Taking the representative pollutants in the leachate of the degassing tap water and landfill as the simulated leachate, the saturated permeability coefficient of the soil samples without fissures and after the fissures were measured by the water head test, and the results were compared and analyzed. (4) the gasket is divided into fissures and non-fissures. By calculating the convection dispersion equation of pollutant transport, the influence of crack propagation depth, permeability coefficient of fissure layer and lower layer on pollutant transport under different thickness of liner is discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU993.3;TU411.4

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