【摘要】：我國自改革開放以來,農(nóng)村社會經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展,人口數(shù)量急劇增長、家庭結構分化,農(nóng)村居民住宅建筑數(shù)量不斷膨脹,聚落邊界不斷向外延伸。同時,在城鎮(zhèn)化的沖擊下,太行山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村聚落從鄉(xiāng)村社會意識、經(jīng)濟基礎、生活與生產(chǎn)方式、村民居住觀念和聚落的空間結構形態(tài)都進入了一個轉型時代,由量變到質(zhì)變,鄉(xiāng)村聚落舊有形態(tài)結構開始解體,封閉的鄉(xiāng)村聚落格局逐漸被打破。 本文以太行山區(qū)典型丘陵地帶的武鄉(xiāng)縣為重點研究區(qū)域,著重分析了區(qū)內(nèi)鄉(xiāng)村聚落土地利用類型、鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀內(nèi)部特點和數(shù)量結構為研究對象,通過查閱國內(nèi)外相關文獻、實地調(diào)查和收集研究區(qū)域的相關原始數(shù)據(jù),運用景觀指數(shù)法、多元統(tǒng)計學法和Arcgic分析法,以定性和定量的方式重點探討了鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀格局演化模式和鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀格局演變驅動因子。 太行山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀格局演變有自身的特點：其一是太行山區(qū)的鄉(xiāng)村聚落有著古老的歷史遺跡和厚重的鄉(xiāng)土文化,因此在鄉(xiāng)村聚落建設時應保護歷史傳承和地域風土文化；其二是太行山區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展較落后,聚落經(jīng)濟以農(nóng)業(yè)為主體,外部資源進入相對困難,聚落演變模式多以單個家庭為載體的演變模式；其三是太行山區(qū)的住宅建筑形式的多樣性,窯洞、土坯房和新式的磚瓦混凝土住房相間分布,其演變面臨著更多的挑戰(zhàn)。 本文首先對太行山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀類型進行量化分析,比較各類景觀指數(shù),揭示這些指標體系背后的含義,以其為根據(jù)對鄉(xiāng)村聚落格局演化模式的轉變進行剖析,揭示太行山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀格局演化規(guī)律與驅動因子。在此基礎上,文章得出以下結論：第一,太行山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村聚落的景觀功能單一,大部分聚落仍以居住為主,住宅建筑是聚落的主體景觀；第二,太行山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀格局的演變是以家庭和宅院為載體的。即大家庭不斷分化成小家庭,以此相對應的是宅院不斷擴散,數(shù)量增加,沖擊原有的聚落形態(tài)結構；第三,研究區(qū)域鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀格局演化動力主要有經(jīng)濟、人口、收入、社會觀念、地形和環(huán)境變化等因子。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening to the outside world, the social economy in rural areas has developed rapidly, the population has increased rapidly, the family structure has been divided, the number of residential buildings in rural areas has been expanding, and the settlement boundaries have continued to extend outwards. At the same time, under the impact of urbanization, rural settlements in Taihang Mountain area have entered a transitional era from rural social consciousness, economic foundation, life and production mode, villagers' concept of living and the spatial structure of settlements, from quantitative to qualitative change. The old form and structure of rural settlements began to disintegrate, and the closed rural settlement pattern was gradually broken. This paper focuses on Wuxiang County in typical hilly areas of Taihang Mountain area, analyzes the types of rural settlement land use, the internal characteristics and quantitative structure of rural settlement landscape as the research object, and looks up the relevant literature at home and abroad. Field investigation and collection of related raw data of the study area, using landscape index method, multivariate statistical method and Arcgic analysis, The evolution model of rural settlement landscape pattern and the driving factor of rural settlement landscape pattern evolution were discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. The evolution of rural settlement landscape pattern in Taihang Mountain area has its own characteristics: first, the rural settlement in Taihang Mountain area has ancient historical relics and thick local culture, so it is necessary to protect historical heritage and local culture in rural settlement construction; Secondly, the Taihang mountain area is backward in economic development, the settlement economy is dominated by agriculture, the external resources are relatively difficult to enter, the evolution mode of settlement is mostly based on a single family, and the third is the diversity of residential building forms in Taihang mountainous area. The evolution of caves, adobe houses and new brick-concrete houses faces more challenges. In this paper, the types of rural settlement landscape in Taihang Mountain area are analyzed quantitatively, and various landscape indices are compared to reveal the meaning behind these index systems. Based on the analysis of the evolution model of rural settlement pattern, this paper analyzes the change of rural settlement pattern. This paper reveals the evolution law and driving factors of rural settlement landscape pattern in Taihang Mountain area. On this basis, the paper draws the following conclusions: first, the rural settlements in Taihang Mountain area have a single landscape function, most of the settlements are still residential, residential buildings are the main landscape of settlement; second, The evolution of rural settlement landscape pattern in Taihang Mountain area is based on family and house. That is, the extended family is constantly divided into a small family, which corresponds to the constant diffusion of the homestead, the increase in the number, and the impact on the original settlement structure. Thirdly, the research on the evolution of the regional rural settlement landscape pattern is mainly driven by economic, population, and income. Factors such as social concepts, terrain and environmental changes.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P901;TU982.29

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