中國古代帝王陵寢中的碑亭建筑研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-20 19:02
【摘要】：本文以中國古代帝王陵寢中的碑亭建筑為研究對象。首先，文章梳理了碑與碑亭在帝王陵寢中的出現(xiàn)與發(fā)展，闡述了帝王陵寢中設(shè)置碑亭的源頭。揭示出帝王陵寢中的碑出現(xiàn)自漢以來興盛的墓前石碑。唐宋以來，特別是宋代，碑亭在寺廟、人臣墓葬和禮制建筑中興盛，進而說明少數(shù)民族建立的政權(quán)中帝王陵寢首先出現(xiàn)碑亭的原因。然后，總結(jié)遼、西夏、金這些少數(shù)民族政權(quán)帝王陵寢碑亭的布局模式與建筑特點。指出其未形成嚴格的制度，體現(xiàn)了帝王陵寢碑亭在初創(chuàng)階段的多樣性。 其次，文章梳理了中國古代帝王陵寢碑亭制度在明清兩代的成熟與定型。從明代開始，帝王陵寢碑亭制度的形成經(jīng)歷了三個重要階段：明初洪武時期初步奠定，至明永樂和嘉靖時期定型化。同時，梳理了明景泰陵和思陵中特殊的碑亭設(shè)置與明代王墓中的碑亭制度與設(shè)置特點。清代在繼承了明代的功德碑亭制度與明樓制度的基礎(chǔ)上，發(fā)展出神道碑亭制度。清代帝王陵寢之中碑亭設(shè)置的應(yīng)用范圍較明代有所擴大，，不但帝陵、王墓中有碑亭，帝后陵，甚至妃園寢中都出現(xiàn)了等級各異的碑亭設(shè)置。 最后，文章對明清帝王陵寢中碑亭建筑的形制特點進行了分析研究。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)形式和建筑規(guī)模對碑亭建筑進行了系統(tǒng)的分類與比較。梳理明清帝王陵寢碑亭建筑形制變化的過程，比較明清的異同。指出明清帝王陵寢碑亭建筑形制由明至清走向高度的等級化和程式化。 中國古代帝王陵寢之碑亭制度的演變以及碑亭建筑的發(fā)展過程反映了帝王陵寢中碑與碑亭的重要政治意義，它從一個方面反映出中國古代帝王陵寢空間布局的逐步完善，折射出中國古代建筑技術(shù)的進步與高度定型化，以及中國歷史上多民族融合的過程。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the monument pavilion in the ancient imperial mausoleum of China as the research object. First, the article combs the appearance and development of the monument and pavilion in the imperial mausoleum, and expounds the source of setting the monument pavilion in the imperial mausoleum. It reveals that the tombs of emperors'tombs have flourished since the Han Dynasty. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, especially in the Song Dynasty, the monument pavilions have flourished in temples, tombs and ceremonial buildings, thus explaining the reason why the tombs of emperors first appeared in the regime established by the minority nationalities. Then, it summarizes the layout pattern and architectural characteristics of the tomb pavilion of Liao, Xixia and Jin ethnic governments. It is pointed out that it does not form a strict system, which reflects the diversity of the monarch mausoleum monument pavilion in its initial stage. Secondly, the article combed the ancient Chinese imperial mausoleum monument pavilion system in the Ming and Qing dynasties mature and finalized. From the Ming Dynasty, the formation of the monarch mausoleum tablet pavilion system experienced three important stages: the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, and the formalization of Yongle and Jiajing periods in the Ming Dynasty. At the same time, it combs the special setting of monument pavilion in Jingtai Mausoleum and Siling Tomb of Ming Dynasty and the system and setting characteristics of tablet Pavilion in Ming Dynasty King's Tomb. On the basis of inheriting the system of monument pavilion and Ming building in Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty developed the system of Shendao monument pavilion. The scope of application of the tablet pavilion in the imperial mausoleum in the Qing Dynasty was expanded compared with that in the Ming Dynasty, not only the imperial mausoleum, but also the imperial mausoleum, and even the imperial concubine garden, had different levels of stele pavilions. Finally, the paper analyzes the shape characteristics of the monument pavilion in the imperial mausoleum of Ming and Qing dynasties. According to the structure form and the scale of the structure, this paper makes a systematic classification and comparison of the monument pavilions. Combing the Ming and Qing emperors mausoleum monument pavilion architectural changes, compared the Ming and Qing similarities and differences. It is pointed out that the architectural structure of the monument pavilion in the imperial mausoleum of the Ming and Qing dynasties was hierarchical and stylized from Ming to Qing. The evolution of the system of monument pavilions in ancient Chinese emperors' mausoleums and the development process of monument pavilions reflect the important political significance of tablets and pavilions in imperial mausoleums, which reflects the gradual perfection of the space layout of ancient Chinese emperors' mausoleums from one aspect. It reflects the progress and highly formalization of ancient Chinese architectural technology, as well as the process of multiethnic integration in Chinese history.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU251.2
本文編號：2194685
[Abstract]:This paper takes the monument pavilion in the ancient imperial mausoleum of China as the research object. First, the article combs the appearance and development of the monument and pavilion in the imperial mausoleum, and expounds the source of setting the monument pavilion in the imperial mausoleum. It reveals that the tombs of emperors'tombs have flourished since the Han Dynasty. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, especially in the Song Dynasty, the monument pavilions have flourished in temples, tombs and ceremonial buildings, thus explaining the reason why the tombs of emperors first appeared in the regime established by the minority nationalities. Then, it summarizes the layout pattern and architectural characteristics of the tomb pavilion of Liao, Xixia and Jin ethnic governments. It is pointed out that it does not form a strict system, which reflects the diversity of the monarch mausoleum monument pavilion in its initial stage. Secondly, the article combed the ancient Chinese imperial mausoleum monument pavilion system in the Ming and Qing dynasties mature and finalized. From the Ming Dynasty, the formation of the monarch mausoleum tablet pavilion system experienced three important stages: the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, and the formalization of Yongle and Jiajing periods in the Ming Dynasty. At the same time, it combs the special setting of monument pavilion in Jingtai Mausoleum and Siling Tomb of Ming Dynasty and the system and setting characteristics of tablet Pavilion in Ming Dynasty King's Tomb. On the basis of inheriting the system of monument pavilion and Ming building in Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty developed the system of Shendao monument pavilion. The scope of application of the tablet pavilion in the imperial mausoleum in the Qing Dynasty was expanded compared with that in the Ming Dynasty, not only the imperial mausoleum, but also the imperial mausoleum, and even the imperial concubine garden, had different levels of stele pavilions. Finally, the paper analyzes the shape characteristics of the monument pavilion in the imperial mausoleum of Ming and Qing dynasties. According to the structure form and the scale of the structure, this paper makes a systematic classification and comparison of the monument pavilions. Combing the Ming and Qing emperors mausoleum monument pavilion architectural changes, compared the Ming and Qing similarities and differences. It is pointed out that the architectural structure of the monument pavilion in the imperial mausoleum of the Ming and Qing dynasties was hierarchical and stylized from Ming to Qing. The evolution of the system of monument pavilions in ancient Chinese emperors' mausoleums and the development process of monument pavilions reflect the important political significance of tablets and pavilions in imperial mausoleums, which reflects the gradual perfection of the space layout of ancient Chinese emperors' mausoleums from one aspect. It reflects the progress and highly formalization of ancient Chinese architectural technology, as well as the process of multiethnic integration in Chinese history.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU251.2
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