【摘要】：伴隨著新千年的鐘聲，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)迎來(lái)了新一輪的發(fā)展高潮。在這期間，隨著大量農(nóng)村人口進(jìn)入城市謀求發(fā)展，城市空間被嚴(yán)重壓縮，為了解決這一問(wèn)題，城市管理者開(kāi)始將目光聚焦于地下空間的利用，地下車庫(kù)、地下商場(chǎng)、地鐵以及多層地下室等地下建筑也因而得到了蓬勃發(fā)展。然而某些地區(qū)在地下工程的建設(shè)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了其地下水位較高的問(wèn)題，大連、上海、廈門等沿海城市的地下水問(wèn)題尤為突出。在建筑設(shè)計(jì)及施工過(guò)程中暴露出大量建筑抗浮不足的問(wèn)題，致使建筑上浮、傾斜，影響使用功能。抗浮錨桿作為一種新型的抗浮方式，已經(jīng)在某些地區(qū)得到了廣泛的使用，但其設(shè)計(jì)理論相對(duì)匱乏，對(duì)于巖土地質(zhì)條件下的錨桿受力機(jī)理等設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題依然有待解決。研究針對(duì)巖土地基的具體特點(diǎn)，通過(guò)工程調(diào)研、理論計(jì)算和有限元模擬等手段，對(duì)抗浮錨桿的設(shè)計(jì)理論提出建議和優(yōu)化。 首先，針對(duì)風(fēng)化巖層地基特點(diǎn)，通過(guò)調(diào)研大量實(shí)際工程，，匯總抗浮錨桿的極限抗拔力計(jì)算參數(shù)； 其次，針對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中暴露出來(lái)的問(wèn)題，綜合抗浮錨桿常用的兩種布置方式，通過(guò)ANSYS有限元軟件，對(duì)比兩種布置方式下結(jié)構(gòu)底板受力和錨桿受力情況，提出最優(yōu)的抗浮錨桿布置方案。并對(duì)規(guī)范中有關(guān)錨桿布置間距的條文進(jìn)行分析說(shuō)明； 再次，結(jié)合實(shí)際工程，對(duì)工程已經(jīng)運(yùn)用的五種結(jié)構(gòu)抗浮方式進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)、工期、造價(jià)以及防水性能方面的對(duì)比，提出基于五種因素條件考慮的最優(yōu)抗浮方式； 最后，通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)，對(duì)四種地基條件包括砂層、土層、巖層以及巖土地質(zhì)條件下抗浮錨桿的受力機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究。并結(jié)合試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，在風(fēng)化巖層上覆薄弱土層的地基條件下，土層范圍內(nèi)錨桿設(shè)計(jì)抗拔力的取值進(jìn)行了分析說(shuō)明。并結(jié)合有限元軟件進(jìn)行分析驗(yàn)證。 抗浮錨桿設(shè)計(jì)是建筑抗浮措施的一個(gè)重要組成部分，其設(shè)計(jì)的好壞與否關(guān)系到建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的順利完工及使用功能的正常發(fā)揮。本文所做的工作考慮了抗浮錨桿在設(shè)計(jì)中所遇到的問(wèn)題，為今后抗浮錨桿的應(yīng)用提供了一定的思路和方法，具有一定的參考價(jià)值和借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the bell of the new millennium, China's economy ushered in a new round of development climax. During this period, as a large number of rural people entered the city to seek development, urban space was severely compressed. In order to solve this problem, city administrators began to focus on the use of underground space, underground garages, underground shopping malls, Underground buildings such as subways and multi-storey basements are also booming. However, some areas have found the problem of high groundwater level in the construction of underground engineering, especially in coastal cities such as Dalian, Shanghai and Xiamen. In the course of architectural design and construction, a large number of problems in building anti-floating are exposed, which causes the building to float, tilt, and affect the function of use. As a new type of anti-floating bolt, anti-floating bolt has been widely used in some areas, but its design theory is relatively scarce, and the design problems such as the mechanical mechanism of anchor rod under geotechnical and geological conditions still need to be solved. According to the concrete characteristics of rock-soil foundation, through engineering investigation, theoretical calculation and finite element simulation, the paper puts forward some suggestions and optimization for the design theory of anti-floating anchor. First of all, according to the characteristics of weathered rock stratum foundation, through investigating a large number of practical projects, collect the calculation parameters of ultimate uplift resistance of anti-floating anchor; secondly, in view of the problems exposed in the design process, In this paper, two kinds of common arrangement of anti-floating anchor rod are synthesised. By means of ANSYS finite element software, the stress on the bottom plate of the structure and the stress on the anchor rod under the two arrangement modes are compared, and the optimal arrangement scheme of the anti-floating anchor rod is put forward. And the analysis of the provisions of the code on the spacing of anchor arrangement; thirdly, combined with the actual project, the structure, duration, cost and waterproof performance of the five kinds of structures used in the project have been compared. The optimal anti-floating mode based on five factors is put forward. Finally, through field test, the stress mechanism of anti-floating anchor under four kinds of foundation conditions, including sand layer, soil layer, rock layer and geotechnical geology, is studied. Combined with the test data, under the condition of the weak soil layer overlying the weathered rock stratum, the value of the uplift resistance of the anchor rod design in the soil layer is analyzed and explained. And combined with finite element software to analyze and verify. The design of anti-floating anchor rod is an important part of the anti-floating measure of building. Whether the design is good or not is related to the successful completion of the building structure and the normal exertion of the function in use. The work done in this paper takes into account the problems encountered in the design of the anti-floating anchor rod, which provides some ideas and methods for the application of the anti-floating anchor rod in the future, and has certain reference value and significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU476

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