發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-18 15:58

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)與工業(yè)模式導(dǎo)致能源需求日益增強(qiáng)，氣溫不斷攀升及碳排放飛速增加，已對(duì)全球造成巨大影響。針對(duì)碳排放的可操作性控制措施在全世界范圍內(nèi)備受關(guān)注。校園作為師生工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活的主要場(chǎng)所，是實(shí)現(xiàn)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要空間載體與應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化的關(guān)鍵生態(tài)單元，正逐步成為學(xué)術(shù)界實(shí)施低碳策略的關(guān)注重點(diǎn)。目前，國(guó)內(nèi)外針對(duì)校園低碳規(guī)劃發(fā)展的研究主要側(cè)重于提出低碳調(diào)控政策與制定實(shí)施倡導(dǎo)計(jì)劃，缺乏對(duì)物質(zhì)、能量要素在低碳校園復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中流動(dòng)運(yùn)行的量化分析。因此，本文基于現(xiàn)有低碳理論研究基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行基于碳氧平衡模型的校園低碳優(yōu)化策略研究。 本文以校園生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生命周期使用過(guò)程的碳氧平衡過(guò)程為研究對(duì)象，采用理論研究、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)、定性分析與定量對(duì)比相結(jié)合的研究方法，界定與辨析低碳校園相關(guān)概念，從低碳規(guī)劃策略、節(jié)能減排與定量評(píng)估的角度分析總結(jié)低碳規(guī)劃理論。依據(jù)碳氧平衡模型相關(guān)研究及校園物質(zhì)流、能量流結(jié)構(gòu)分析，提出校園視角下的碳氧平衡模型研究框架與指標(biāo)體系。 基于數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范的定額估算，選取了秦皇島中國(guó)環(huán)境管理干部學(xué)院（以下簡(jiǎn)稱中環(huán)院）校園規(guī)劃方案作為實(shí)踐案例，進(jìn)行基于校園使用過(guò)程社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的碳氧平衡模型排碳耗氧預(yù)評(píng)估，并與基于生態(tài)綠地類型固碳釋氧的預(yù)評(píng)估結(jié)果進(jìn)行定量、定性分析，獲得校園規(guī)劃方案的碳氧平衡綜合評(píng)價(jià)。 本文主要針對(duì)校園使用過(guò)程的排碳耗氧模型，，進(jìn)行了建筑耗能、交通耗能、生活耗能三方面的數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算；針對(duì)校園生態(tài)綠地固碳釋氧模型，進(jìn)行了林地、園地、疏林地、草地、濕地、耕地六大類型綠地的數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算。綜合規(guī)劃方案與現(xiàn)狀耕地的碳氧關(guān)系，獲得補(bǔ)償校園可持續(xù)發(fā)展的碳、氧赤字量化參考。 針對(duì)校園規(guī)劃方案的碳氧平衡關(guān)系及數(shù)據(jù)模型中的相關(guān)控制變量，提出基于景觀規(guī)劃方法的低碳校園優(yōu)化策略，與初期方案進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。本文研究校園使用過(guò)程中，改善物質(zhì)、能量流動(dòng)碳氧平衡關(guān)系的景觀規(guī)劃方法，為校園低碳化設(shè)計(jì)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃提供新理念與量化參考。
[Abstract]:The growing demand for energy, rising temperatures and soaring carbon emissions due to modern economic and industrial models have had a huge impact on the world. Maneuverability control measures for carbon emissions have attracted much attention all over the world. As the main place for teachers and students to work, study and live, campus is an important space carrier to realize low-carbon economy and a key ecological unit to cope with global climate change. It is gradually becoming the focus of academic circles to implement low-carbon strategy. At present, the domestic and foreign researches on the development of low-carbon campus planning mainly focus on putting forward low-carbon regulation policies and formulating and implementing advocacy plans, and lack of quantitative analysis of material and energy elements flowing and running in the complex ecosystem of low-carbon campus. Therefore, based on the existing low-carbon theory, this paper studies the campus low-carbon optimization strategy based on the carbon-oxygen balance model. This paper takes the carbon-oxygen balance process of campus ecosystem life cycle as the research object, uses the research method of combining theoretical research, data statistics, qualitative analysis and quantitative contrast, defines and discriminates the related concepts of low carbon campus. The theory of low carbon planning is analyzed and summarized from the point of view of low carbon planning strategy, energy saving and emission reduction and quantitative evaluation. Based on the research of carbon-oxygen balance model and the structure analysis of campus material flow and energy flow, the research framework and index system of carbon-oxygen balance model from campus perspective are put forward. Based on the quota estimation of data statistics and standard norms, the campus planning scheme of Qinhuangdao China Institute of Environmental Management cadres (hereinafter referred to as Central Institute) is selected as a practical case. The carbon and oxygen balance model based on the socioeconomic activities of campus use was used to pre-evaluate the carbon consumption and oxygen consumption, and the quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out with the results of pre-assessment based on the ecological green space type carbon sequestration and oxygen release. The comprehensive evaluation of carbon and oxygen balance of campus planning was obtained. This paper mainly aims at the carbon and oxygen consumption model of the campus use process, carries on the construction energy consumption, the traffic energy consumption, the living energy consumption three aspects data calculation; aiming at the campus ecological green space carbon sequestration oxygen release model, has carried on the forest land, the garden land, the open forest land, the grassland, has carried on the forest land, the garden land, the open forest land, the grassland, Wetland, cultivated land six types of green space data calculation. The comprehensive planning scheme is related to the carbon and oxygen of cultivated land, and the quantitative reference of carbon and oxygen deficit is obtained to compensate for the sustainable development of campus. Aiming at the carbon-oxygen balance relationship of campus planning scheme and the related control variables in the data model, a low carbon campus optimization strategy based on landscape planning method is proposed and compared with the initial scheme. In this paper, the landscape planning method for improving the balance of carbon and oxygen in the process of campus use is studied, which provides a new concept and quantitative reference for campus low-carbon design and sustainable development planning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.14

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