【摘要】：在湖北眾多傳統(tǒng)民俗建筑之中,比較具有代表性的是傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑,而鄂東南地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑又是最具特色的,非常有研究?jī)r(jià)值。傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑作為人們生活的人為環(huán)境、條件和舞臺(tái),同時(shí)也作為傳統(tǒng)民居文化的載體和要素,在中國(guó)本土建筑文化體系中占有及其重要的地位。鄂東南傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑是當(dāng)?shù)厥钟刑攸c(diǎn)的商業(yè)建筑與民居統(tǒng)一結(jié)合的建筑形式,它反映了當(dāng)?shù)爻鞘械呐d衰史。 鄂東南傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑的特色首先是他的平面布局它的內(nèi)部空間將功能性與布局特色巧妙的結(jié)合在一起,將街廊與騎樓空間,店面與居住空間,天井與天斗空間的關(guān)系表現(xiàn)的非常有序,同時(shí)對(duì)影響街屋建筑的自然,社會(huì),人文條件進(jìn)行了深入的分析,對(duì)其成因有了深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解。傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑的立面與結(jié)構(gòu)也是其主要特色的體現(xiàn),排門式與石庫(kù)門式的大門造型和灌斗墻,封火墻的形態(tài)中彰顯了門與墻的地域特色,尤其是磚木混合結(jié)構(gòu),柱子形式,螞蟥攀,抬梁式與穿斗式的混合構(gòu)架無(wú)疑表現(xiàn)了結(jié)構(gòu)的獨(dú)特性。特別是傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑的材料具有地域特點(diǎn),從生土,木材,石材和磚的選擇,既要取材方便,又要便于加工和運(yùn)輸,且要適宜于當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀画h(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境,使建筑材料成為表達(dá)建筑文化的載體�；谝陨系姆治�,傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑不僅具有功能性,實(shí)用性,商業(yè)性,更重要的是它具有建筑的審美特征,它不僅從布局上呈現(xiàn)美學(xué)意義,而且從建筑構(gòu)件上具有裝飾美,抽象美,藝術(shù)性,使建筑美上升為一種藝術(shù)精神。 在忽視自然環(huán)境的當(dāng)代社會(huì),鄂東南傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑蘊(yùn)含著“天人合一”的生態(tài)觀,以及傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑所具有的那種親和,舒適,接近自然,體現(xiàn)人性的特點(diǎn),只有真正做到了這種哲學(xué)理念,我們才能更好的走可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)街屋建筑“天人合一”的哲學(xué)理念,結(jié)合現(xiàn)在社會(huì)環(huán)境所要求的新功能,有利于我們?cè)诒Ｗo(hù)傳統(tǒng)文化遺產(chǎn)的同時(shí),更好的開發(fā)和利用這一歷史的瑰寶。
[Abstract]:Among the many traditional folklore buildings in Hubei, the traditional street house architecture is more representative, and the traditional street house building in southeast Hubei is the most distinctive one, which is of great research value. As the artificial environment, condition and stage of people's life, the traditional street house architecture plays an important role in the Chinese native architectural culture system as well as the carrier and element of the traditional residential culture. The traditional street house building in southeastern Hubei Province is a unique architectural form which combines commercial buildings with residential buildings, which reflects the history of local cities' rise and fall. The characteristics of the traditional street house architecture in southeast Hubei Province are above all his plane layout. Its internal space combines functions and layout features ingeniously, and it combines the street corridor with the garrison space, the storefront and the living space. The relationship between the patio and the space is very orderly. At the same time, the natural, social and humanistic conditions that affect the buildings in the street houses are deeply analyzed, and the causes of the formation are deeply understood and understood. The facade and structure of the traditional street house building are also the main features of the building. The gate modeling and filling wall of the row door type and the stone library door type, the form of the fire sealing wall shows the regional characteristic of the door and the wall, especially the brick and wood mixed structure, the form of the pillar. The mixed structure of leech climbing, beamlift and bucket undoubtedly shows the uniqueness of the structure. In particular, the materials of traditional street buildings have regional characteristics. From the selection of raw soil, wood, stone and bricks, they should be convenient for material selection, easy to process and transport, and suitable for the local natural and social environment. Make building materials become the carrier of architectural culture. Based on the above analysis, the traditional street building not only has the function, practicability, commercial, more importantly, it has the aesthetic characteristic of the building, it not only presents the aesthetic significance from the layout, but also has the decoration beauty from the architectural component. Abstract beauty and artistry make architectural beauty a kind of artistic spirit. In the contemporary society which neglects the natural environment, the traditional street house architecture in southeastern Hubei contains the ecological view of "the unity of nature and man", as well as the affinity, comfort, proximity to nature and the human nature of the traditional street house architecture. Only when we truly achieve this philosophy, we can better follow the path of sustainable development. According to the philosophy of "harmony of nature and man" in traditional street buildings and the new functions required by the social environment, it is beneficial for us to develop and utilize this historical treasure better while protecting the traditional cultural heritage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU-86

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