本文選題：銅綠微囊藻 + 梅尼小環(huán)藻　； 參考：《福州大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文針對福建省飲用水源地水華水體中常見的2株藻種(藍藻-銅綠微囊藻和硅藻-梅尼小環(huán)藻)的污染問題,探討了氯化過程中氯化時間、加氯量對消毒副產(chǎn)物(DBPs)的生成勢和生成量的影響,以及不同藻細胞組分消毒副產(chǎn)物的生成勢的貢獻；比較了預氯化和高錳酸鉀預氧化強化混凝過程中,DBPs生成勢和藻細胞結構的變化,得到以下結果：(1)2株藻細胞在氯化過程中,銅綠微囊藻比梅尼小環(huán)藻具有更大的消毒副產(chǎn)物生成勢(DBPsFP)。所檢測的5種DBPs中,以三氯甲烷(TCM)和三氯硝基甲烷(TCNM)為主,它們的生成勢會隨著氯化時間、氯氣投加量增加而增大；二氯乙腈(DCAN)、1,1-二氯-二丙酮(1,1,-DCP)、和1,1,1-三氯-二丙酮(1,1,1-TCP)隨著氯化時間延長呈先增大后減小的趨勢。在氯投加量足夠的情況下,藻細胞濃度的增加會增加各個DBPs的生成量。(2)不同藻細胞組分對消毒副產(chǎn)物的生成勢的貢獻不同。銅綠微囊藻細胞不同組分對5種DBPs生成勢的貢獻大小為：細胞內(nèi)有機物(IOM, Intracellular Organic Matter)≈細胞懸浮液(CS, Cell Suspension)細胞外有機物(EOM, Extracellular Organic Matter)細胞碎片(CD, Cell Debris), IOM的DBPs的生成勢高于EOM；梅尼小環(huán)藻的順序為CS IOM≈CD≈EOM。三維熒光光譜(EEM,Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectrophotometer)測試分析顯示2種藻細胞不同組分的有機質含量不同,但DBPs前驅體物質主要為芳香族結構的蛋白質和溶解性微生物物質(SMP, Soluble Microbial Products)。(3)兩種藻細胞經(jīng)高錳酸鉀預氧化-強化絮凝-氯氧化和預氯化-強化絮凝-氯氧化所產(chǎn)生的TCM量,隨著高錳酸鉀投加量的增加而減少,隨著預氯化投加量的增加而增加；這說明高錳酸鉀預氧化可以有效減少消毒副產(chǎn)物前體物,從而消減后續(xù)氯消毒過程中消毒副產(chǎn)物的生成勢。高錳酸鉀預氧化過程中,增加高錳酸鉀投加量,可以減少水中的溶解性有機碳(DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon)含量和促進混凝沉淀中SUV254的去除,但是不能降低出水濁度；預氯化過程中,增加氯投加量可以降低DOC含量及混凝沉后出水的濁度,但是不能夠促進混凝沉淀中SUV254的去除,可能導致后續(xù)氯消毒生成更多的TCM。(4)高錳酸鉀預氧化和預氯化對不同藻細胞的破壞程度不同。銅綠微囊藻細胞經(jīng)高錳酸鉀預氧化和預氯化后,仍能保持細胞形態(tài),不發(fā)生破裂；而梅尼小環(huán)經(jīng)高錳酸鉀預氧化和預氯化后,藻細胞完全破裂,細胞內(nèi)結構完全暴露,細胞內(nèi)物質完全釋放,從而增大飲用消毒副產(chǎn)物生成的風險。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the pollution of two algae species (cyanobacteria-microcystis aeruginosa and diatom-Meniella) in Shui Hua water of Fujian Province, the chlorination time during chlorination was discussed. The effect of chlorine addition on the formation potential and yield of disinfection by-product (DBPs) and the contribution of disinfection by-product potential of different algal cell components; The effects of prechlorination and potassium permanganate preoxidation on the formation potential of DBPs and the structure of algal cells were compared. Microcystis aeruginosa has greater disinfection by-product potential than Cyclopsis meniensis. Among the five DBPs detected, TCM-trichloromethane (TCM) and TCNM- (trichloromethane) were the main ones. The formation potential of these DBPs increased with the chlorination time and the amount of chlorine added. With the prolongation of chlorination time, the chlorination time of dichloroacetonitrile (DCANN) and dichloro-diacetone (DCANN) increased first and then decreased with the increase of chlorination time. When the amount of chlorine was sufficient, the increase of algal cell concentration would increase the amount of DBPs. (2) the contribution of different algae cell components to the generation potential of disinfection by-products was different. The contribution of different components of microcystis aeruginosa cells to the formation potential of DBPs was as follows: IOM (Intracellular Organic matter) 鈮，

本文編號：2014436