本文選題：現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu) + 膠合竹材��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著全球工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，人類賴以生存的自然環(huán)境遭受到了嚴(yán)重的破壞。其中，建筑行業(yè)的發(fā)展對(duì)自然環(huán)境的影響不可忽視。鋼筋水泥等建筑材料的生產(chǎn)和應(yīng)用都對(duì)自然環(huán)境造成了不小的負(fù)擔(dān)。全球植被覆蓋面積日益減少，森林資源被侵蝕，氣候環(huán)境日益惡劣。在這樣的大背景之下，人類對(duì)綠色建筑的需求日益迫切。綠色建筑需要我們發(fā)展綠色建筑材料，采用綠色的建造方法以及運(yùn)營(yíng)和維護(hù)體系。本文即從綠色材料的角度，，以一種新型的竹材復(fù)合材料——Glubam為對(duì)象，對(duì)其環(huán)保性能、力學(xué)性能以及應(yīng)用等方面進(jìn)行研究。 首先，文章對(duì)現(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)的概念進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單介紹�，F(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)是在現(xiàn)代木結(jié)構(gòu)、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)等結(jié)構(gòu)形式基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展出來(lái)的一種新興結(jié)構(gòu)體系�，F(xiàn)代竹結(jié)構(gòu)所采用的主要建筑材料為膠合竹材。而Glubam材料是膠合竹材中一種典型的材料。作者對(duì)其在我國(guó)的發(fā)展概況、生產(chǎn)、應(yīng)用及未來(lái)發(fā)展進(jìn)行了闡述。 然而，Glubam只是膠合竹材的一種。為了對(duì)目前存在的膠合竹材有更全面的了解，且體現(xiàn)Glubam材料的特點(diǎn)，在第二章中作者對(duì)目前在研究和生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)的膠合竹材進(jìn)行了分類介紹，包括其材料特點(diǎn)、研究和應(yīng)用情況等。 其次，作為一種新型建筑材料，Glubam的環(huán)保性能是研究的一個(gè)重要方面。本文通過對(duì)湖南炎陵縣一家膠合竹材生產(chǎn)企業(yè)的調(diào)研，獲得了從原材料獲取到生產(chǎn)、加工、運(yùn)輸方面的數(shù)據(jù)信息。并以調(diào)研企業(yè)為例，對(duì)膠合竹材的綜合生產(chǎn)能耗和二氧化碳排放系數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算、分析。調(diào)查和分析結(jié)果表明，該廠生產(chǎn)的膠合竹材綜合能耗和二氧化碳排放系數(shù)與其他建筑材料相比具有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。最后，以一座Glubam人行橋?yàn)槔�，比較了對(duì)應(yīng)的膠合木、鋼材、鋼筋混凝土人行橋建造的能量消耗與碳排放，進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)了Glubam作為建筑材料在環(huán)保方面的優(yōu)越性。同時(shí)，作者對(duì)目前膠合竹材生產(chǎn)中存在的弊端和未來(lái)的發(fā)展方向給出了建議。 在第四章中，作者對(duì)Glubam膠合竹材的基本力學(xué)進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究和分析，包括抗拉強(qiáng)度，抗壓強(qiáng)度，抗彎強(qiáng)度、抗剪強(qiáng)度以及彈性模量等。由于Glubam膠合竹材是一種具有雙向纖維分布的正交各向異性材料，所以在板材縱向和橫向都進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)。通過對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的分析和與木材、木基復(fù)合材料以及其他膠合竹材的對(duì)比，表明Glubam是一種具有良好的力學(xué)性能的竹材復(fù)合材料，完全能夠應(yīng)用于建筑結(jié)構(gòu)領(lǐng)域。再次，在對(duì)Glubam基本力學(xué)性能研究的基礎(chǔ)上，綜合目前木材本構(gòu)關(guān)系的相關(guān)研究成果，得出了較適合于Glubam材料的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變關(guān)系。然后，根據(jù)試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果，以及調(diào)整后的容許應(yīng)力折減系數(shù)，得出了Glubam的容許設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)力，并與幾種結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合木材進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。對(duì)比表明Glubam力學(xué)參數(shù)與其他木材復(fù)合材料相當(dāng)甚至更優(yōu)。最后，在木結(jié)構(gòu)極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)法的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)Glubam清材小試樣強(qiáng)度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，得到了其極限強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)的建議值。 第五章在Glubam材料偏軸試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)其進(jìn)行了破壞分析。為了對(duì)Glubam膠合竹材在偏軸受力情況下的力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行研究，文章對(duì)縱橫向纖維比為4:1的典型Glubam材料進(jìn)行了偏軸試驗(yàn)研究。作者根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，并基于4:1Glubam膠合板雙向纖維分布的特性，在一系列假定的基礎(chǔ)上得到了改進(jìn)的漢金森公式。它能夠更好地預(yù)測(cè)4:1Glubam板材在偏軸抗拉條件下的強(qiáng)度。針對(duì)Glubam膠合竹材的雙向受力性能，作者應(yīng)用蔡吳失效理論對(duì)其進(jìn)行了分析，并得到了對(duì)應(yīng)的破壞包絡(luò)線。與試驗(yàn)值對(duì)比，發(fā)現(xiàn)由于Glubam雙向纖維分布的特點(diǎn)，在偏軸方向的試驗(yàn)點(diǎn)均處于包絡(luò)線的內(nèi)部。因此作者給出了近似方法來(lái)獲得雙向纖維分布的Glubam材料破壞包絡(luò)線。最后，從層疊復(fù)合材料的角度，應(yīng)用經(jīng)典層合板理論對(duì)Glubam的層疊特性進(jìn)行了分析。 第六章對(duì)膠合竹材單螺栓連接進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究，結(jié)果表明順紋試件具有較高的承載力且延性較好，且隨著試件端距和邊距的不斷增加，承載力基本呈逐漸上升的趨勢(shì)。隨后對(duì)試件受力進(jìn)行了理論分析和有限元分析。理論分析和有限元分析都表明，當(dāng)邊距和端距較小時(shí)，螺栓孔側(cè)面板材所提供的剛度不足，容易由于應(yīng)變過大而引起試件破壞；隨著端距的不斷增大，螺栓孔承載能力明顯增強(qiáng)，但是邊距的增大對(duì)承載能力提高的規(guī)律不是很明顯。 綜合上述的Glubam構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)、環(huán)保性能、力學(xué)性能、破壞性能以及螺栓連接等方面的分析，本文認(rèn)為Glubam是一種能夠被廣泛地應(yīng)用于建筑結(jié)構(gòu)中綠色環(huán)保材料，在設(shè)計(jì)、加工、應(yīng)用方面有待進(jìn)一步提升但具有較大潛力。本文所提到的一些研究方法、試驗(yàn)方法以及所得的數(shù)據(jù)基本可靠，可以為相關(guān)規(guī)范的編制及工程應(yīng)用等提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of global industrialization, the natural environment for human existence has been seriously damaged. Among them, the impact of the development of the construction industry on the natural environment can not be ignored. The production and application of reinforced concrete and other building materials have caused no small burden on the natural environment. In this context, the demand for green building is increasingly urgent. Green building requires us to develop green building materials, use green construction methods and operation and maintenance systems. This article is based on the green material, a new type of bamboo composite material, Glubam. Its environmental properties, mechanical properties and applications were studied.
First, the article briefly introduces the concept of modern bamboo structure. The modern bamboo structure is a new structural system developed on the basis of modern wood structure, steel structure and other structural forms. The main building materials used in modern bamboo structure are glued bamboo. The Glubam material is a typical material in the glued bamboo material. Its development, production, application and future development in China are expounded.
However, Glubam is only one kind of glued bamboo. In order to have a more comprehensive understanding of the existing glued bamboo and reflect the characteristics of Glubam material, in the second chapter, the author classifies the glued bamboo that appeared in the field of research and production, including its material point, research and application.
Secondly, as a new type of building material, the environmental protection performance of Glubam is an important aspect of research. Through the investigation of a glued bamboo production enterprise in Yanling County, Hunan, this paper obtains data information from raw material acquisition to production, processing and transportation. The comprehensive production energy consumption and two of the glued bamboo are taken as an example. The carbon dioxide emission coefficient was calculated and analyzed. The results of investigation and analysis showed that the comprehensive energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission coefficient of the glued bamboo produced by the plant had obvious advantages compared with other building materials. Finally, a Glubam pedestrian bridge was taken as an example to compare the energy of the corresponding glued wood, steel and reinforced concrete pedestrian bridge. Consumption and carbon emissions further reflect the advantages of Glubam as a building material in environmental protection. At the same time, the author gives some suggestions on the disadvantages and future development direction of the production of glued bamboo.
In the fourth chapter, the author studied and analyzed the basic mechanics of Glubam glued bamboo, including tensile strength, compressive strength, bending strength, shear strength and modulus of elasticity. Since Glubam glued bamboo is a kind of orthogonal anisotropic material with two-way fiber distribution, the longitudinal and transverse tests of the sheet are carried out. Analysis of experimental data and comparison with wood, wood based composites and other glued bamboo shows that Glubam is a kind of bamboo composite with good mechanical properties and can be applied to the field of architecture. Thirdly, based on the study of basic mechanical properties of Glubam, the present constitutive relation of wood is integrated. According to the relevant research results, the stress-strain relationship suitable for Glubam materials is obtained. Then, according to the results of the test and the adjusted allowable stress reduction coefficient, the allowable design stress of Glubam is obtained, and the comparison with several kinds of composite wood is made. The comparison shows that the mechanical parameters of Glubam are equal to that of other wood composites. In the end, on the basis of the design method of the limit state of wood structure, the standard value of the strength of the Glubam small sample is adjusted, and the recommended value of the ultimate strength design is obtained.
In the fifth chapter, on the basis of the partial axial test of the Glubam material, the failure analysis was carried out. In order to study the mechanical properties of the Glubam glued bamboo under the force of the eccentric axis, the paper carried out the axial test study on the typical Glubam material with longitudinal and transverse fiber ratio of 4:1. The author based on the experimental data and based on the 4:1Glubam plywood bi-directional fiber. The characteristics of the dimensional distribution are improved on the basis of a series of assumptions. It can better predict the strength of the 4:1Glubam plate under the partial axial tension. In view of the bi-directional force performance of the Glubam glued bamboo, the author uses the Cai Wu failure theory to analyze it and obtains the corresponding damage envelope. In contrast, it is found that due to the characteristics of the Glubam bi-directional fiber distribution, the test points in the skew direction are all inside the envelope. Therefore, the author gives an approximate method to obtain the damage envelope of the Glubam material with two-way fiber distribution. Finally, from the angle of the laminated composite material, the laminated properties of the Glubam should be used by the classical laminate theory. The analysis was done.
The sixth chapter carries out an experimental study on the single bolt connection of glued bamboo. The results show that the CIS specimen has higher bearing capacity and better ductility, and with the increase of the end distance and the margin of the specimen, the bearing capacity is gradually increasing. Then the stress of the specimen is analyzed theoretically and finite element analysis. Theoretical analysis and finite element analysis are carried out. The analysis shows that when the margin and end distance are small, the rigidity of the bolt hole side panel is insufficient and the strain is too large to cause damage. With the increase of the end distance, the bearing capacity of the bolt hole is obviously enhanced, but the increase of the margin is not obvious to the regulation of the bearing capacity.
In this paper, the Glubam structure features, environmental performance, mechanical properties, destructive properties and bolt connection are analyzed. This paper considers that Glubam is a green environmental material which can be widely used in architectural structure, and has great potential in design, processing and application. Some studies mentioned in this paper The method, the test method and the data obtained are basically reliable, which can provide reference for the compilation of relevant specifications and engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU531.3

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