本文選題：地下結(jié)構(gòu) + 動(dòng)力分析　； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程日益加快,人口和物質(zhì)財(cái)富逐漸向城市高度集中,開發(fā)地下空間,建立以地鐵為主體的城市地下交通系統(tǒng)作為緩解城市交通最快捷、最有效的途徑越來(lái)越引起重視。城市地下空間的飛速開發(fā),其抗震安全性必然會(huì)成為建筑工程抗震和城市防災(zāi)減災(zāi)研究的重要內(nèi)容。大型地下結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部人口比較集中,空間受限,疏散緩慢,一旦遭受地震破壞,直接造成的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失與地上結(jié)構(gòu)相比將更為嚴(yán)重,而且地下結(jié)構(gòu)的修復(fù)工作相對(duì)困難,間接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失同樣巨大。地鐵交通工程大都貫穿于城市內(nèi)部,其地表附近一般都已經(jīng)存在建成的建筑物,或者為了交通方便而在地鐵工程附近新建商業(yè)區(qū)、居民小區(qū)等,地下空間結(jié)構(gòu)的存在將改變臨近建筑物的地基條件,并改變地震波的傳播路徑,進(jìn)而影響地表建筑的地震響應(yīng)。 本文針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,重點(diǎn)分析了地下結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)力變形特性,以及地下結(jié)構(gòu)的存在對(duì)地表臨近建筑結(jié)構(gòu)地震響應(yīng)的影響,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： (1)根據(jù)土-地下結(jié)構(gòu)擬靜力相互作用法,分析排水和不排水條件土體中,地下結(jié)構(gòu)剪切變形與輸入激勵(lì)波波長(zhǎng)的關(guān)系。研究了土-地下結(jié)構(gòu)擬靜力相互作用法的計(jì)算原理和適用條件；建立有限元模型,輸入由地下結(jié)構(gòu)橫截面尺寸所確定的不同頻率的正弦波作為激勵(lì),分析在排水和不排水條件下,不同高寬比地下結(jié)構(gòu)的剪切變形與激勵(lì)波波長(zhǎng)的關(guān)系,給出了不排水條件時(shí)采用靜力代替動(dòng)力荷載進(jìn)行計(jì)算的適用條件；同時(shí)分析了柔度系數(shù)以及土體與地下結(jié)構(gòu)的相對(duì)剛度兩因素的影響規(guī)律。 (2)研究了單自由度體系在含有速度脈沖的近斷層地震動(dòng)作用下的響應(yīng),對(duì)比分析了矩形地下結(jié)構(gòu)在脈沖型近斷層地震動(dòng)和無(wú)脈沖遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)地震動(dòng)作用下的剪切變形。首先運(yùn)用小波分析的方法將含有速度脈沖的近斷層地震動(dòng)分解為高頻波和脈沖波兩部分,分別分析其對(duì)單自由度體系動(dòng)力響應(yīng)的影響,論述了僅用脈沖模型模擬近斷層地震動(dòng)的局限性；其次,建立不同截面形狀的地下結(jié)構(gòu)模型,計(jì)算不同柔度系數(shù)時(shí),地下結(jié)構(gòu)在遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)地震動(dòng)和脈沖型近斷層地震動(dòng)作用下的剪切變形系數(shù),研究脈沖型近斷層地震動(dòng)對(duì)地下結(jié)構(gòu)地震響應(yīng)的影響,以及隨柔度系數(shù)變化的規(guī)律。 (3)分析了地表建筑結(jié)構(gòu)常用的簡(jiǎn)化模型,研究了高階振型對(duì)地表結(jié)構(gòu)層間位移譜、以及對(duì)層間位移沿結(jié)構(gòu)無(wú)量綱高度分布的影響；以地鐵車站為研究算例,重點(diǎn)分析當(dāng)?shù)罔F車站埋置于不同類型場(chǎng)地中時(shí),地下結(jié)構(gòu)的存在對(duì)地表臨近建筑能夠產(chǎn)生影響的地表區(qū)域范圍。根據(jù)現(xiàn)行規(guī)范對(duì)場(chǎng)地類型的規(guī)定,選取軟土、中軟土和硬土三種類型的均質(zhì)場(chǎng)地做為研究基準(zhǔn),以純彎曲、純剪切和彎剪組合三種類型的結(jié)構(gòu)作為研究對(duì)象,給出了有、無(wú)地鐵車站時(shí),三種場(chǎng)地中所選結(jié)構(gòu)層間位移角的變化趨勢(shì)；將地鐵車站水平寬度作為地下結(jié)構(gòu)與地表建筑相對(duì)距離的衡量基準(zhǔn),分析地下結(jié)構(gòu)的尺寸與其所能影響到的地表建筑所處位置的關(guān)系,總結(jié)地下結(jié)構(gòu)的影響范圍隨場(chǎng)地條件變化的規(guī)律,并分析對(duì)不同類型地表結(jié)構(gòu)的影響程度；研究不同場(chǎng)地條件下,地下結(jié)構(gòu)的存在對(duì)場(chǎng)地設(shè)計(jì)地震動(dòng)的影響。 (4)地鐵車站屬于大型地下空間結(jié)構(gòu),以兩層雙柱三跨式地鐵車站為例,著重從場(chǎng)地土體剛度、加速度峰值以及地表建筑變形類型三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析,研究地下結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)地表臨近建筑地震響應(yīng)的影響。首先在有限元軟件中分別建立無(wú)車站的自由場(chǎng)模型和土體-地鐵車站相互作用模型,基于廣義層間位移譜分析地鐵車站的存在對(duì)地表臨近建筑結(jié)構(gòu)地震響應(yīng)的影響；其次,研究了地表結(jié)構(gòu)自震特性和距車站水平距離兩個(gè)因素對(duì)地表結(jié)構(gòu)層間位移角、及其沿結(jié)構(gòu)無(wú)量綱高度分布的影響規(guī)律,同時(shí)分析了場(chǎng)地土體與地下結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)剛度,以及輸入地震動(dòng)峰值加速度的變化對(duì)所得結(jié)果的影響；最后,分析了不同自振周期的地表結(jié)構(gòu)所受地下結(jié)構(gòu)影響的變形類型。 (5)以成層土體中淺埋地鐵區(qū)間隧道為研究對(duì)象,分析隧道對(duì)不同類型地表建筑地震響應(yīng)的影響以及所能影響到的地表區(qū)域范圍。首先根據(jù)有、無(wú)隧道存在的情況下地表結(jié)構(gòu)層間位移的計(jì)算結(jié)果,分析隧道的影響隨地表建筑與隧道之間的相對(duì)位置發(fā)生變化的規(guī)律；其次,針對(duì)隧道可能貫穿建筑下方的情況,重點(diǎn)分析了隧道對(duì)位于其上方的地表結(jié)構(gòu)層間位移角的影響,給出了不同自振周期地表結(jié)構(gòu)的層間位移角在有、無(wú)隧道影響下沿結(jié)構(gòu)高度的分布,并分析地表建筑的變形類型。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of the economy, the process of urbanization in China is accelerating, and the population and material wealth are gradually concentrated in the city. The development of underground space and the establishment of underground transportation system based on the subway are the quickest and most effective way to alleviate urban traffic. The rapid development of urban underground space and its earthquake resistance are becoming more and more important. Safety will inevitably become an important part of the earthquake resistance and disaster prevention and mitigation in urban areas. The population of large underground structures is concentrated, space limited, and evacuate slowly. Once the earthquake is damaged, the loss of life and property directly caused by the earthquake will be more serious than the ground structure, and the restoration of the underground structure is relatively difficult. The indirect economic loss is also huge. Most of the subway traffic engineering is run through the interior of the city. The buildings are usually built near the surface of the city, or the construction of a new commercial area and a residential area near the subway engineering for the convenience of traffic. The existence of the underground space structure will change to the foundation conditions of the buildings and change the seismic waves. The propagation path will further affect the seismic response of surface buildings.
In view of the above problems, the dynamic deformation characteristics of the underground structure and the influence of the existence of the underground structure on the seismic response of the surface adjacent to the building structure are analyzed. The main contents are as follows:
(1) according to the pseudo static interaction of soil and underground structure, the relation between the shear deformation of underground structure and the wave length of input excitation is analyzed in the soil of drainage and undrained conditions. The calculation principle and applicable conditions of the pseudo static interaction method of soil underground structure are studied, and the finite element model is established, and the input is determined by the size of the cross section of the underground structure. The sine wave of different frequencies is used as the excitation to analyze the relation between the shear deformation and the wave length of the underground structure under the conditions of drainage and undraining, and the applicable conditions for the calculation with static force instead of the dynamic load are given, and the flexibility coefficient and the relative of the soil and the underground structure are also analyzed. The law of the influence of two factors on stiffness.
(2) the response of a single degree of freedom system to the near fault ground motion with a velocity pulse is studied. The shear deformation of a rectangular underground structure under the action of a pulsed near fault ground motion and an impulsive far ground motion is compared and analyzed. First, the wavelet analysis method is used to decompose the near fault ground motion with the velocity pulse to Gao Pinbo. In the two part of the pulse wave, the influence on the dynamic response of the single degree of freedom system is analyzed, and the limitation of the simulation of the near fault ground motion only by the pulse model is discussed. Secondly, the underground structure model with different cross section shapes is established, and the underground structure is subjected to the far ground vibration and the pulse type near fault ground motion when the different flexibility coefficients are calculated. The shear deformation coefficient is used to study the influence of pulse type near fault ground motion on the seismic response of underground structures and the law of compliance with the flexibility coefficient.
(3) the simplified model commonly used in the surface structure is analyzed. The influence of high order modes on the interlayer displacement spectrum of the surface structure and the influence of the interlayer displacement along the structure without dimension is studied. The subway station is taken as an example to analyze the existence of the underground structure to the surface of the ground structure when the subway station is buried in different types of sites. According to the regulation of the site type, three types of homogeneous sites, soft soil, medium soft soil and hard soil, are selected as research benchmarks, and three types of structure of YISHION bending, pure shear and bending shear combination are selected as the research objects, and the selected structures in three kinds of sites without subway stations are given. The change trend of interlayer displacement angle; the horizontal width of subway station as the reference of the relative distance between the underground structure and the surface building, the relationship between the size of the underground structure and the location of the surface buildings that can be affected, and the regularity of the variation of the influence range of the underground structure with the site strip, and the analysis of the different types of ground. The influence degree of the structure of the table is studied, and the influence of underground structure on the design ground motion under different site conditions is studied.
(4) the subway station is a large underground space structure. Taking the two storey double column three span subway station as an example, this paper focuses on the analysis of the soil stiffness, the peak acceleration and the deformation type of the ground building in three aspects, and studies the influence of the underground structure on the seismic response of the surface adjacent to the building. The free field model and the soil subway station interaction model are used to analyze the influence of the existence of the subway station on the seismic response of the surface adjacent to the building structure based on the generalized interlayer displacement spectrum. Secondly, the displacement angle between the surface structure and the horizontal distance from the station to the surface structure is studied, and the dimensionless height of the surface structure is studied along the structure. At the same time, the influence of the relative stiffness of the soil soil and the underground structure and the change of the peak acceleration of the input ground motion on the results are also analyzed. Finally, the deformation types of the surface structure affected by the underground structures with different self vibration periods are analyzed.
(5) taking the shallow buried subway tunnel in the layered soil as the research object, the influence of tunnel on the seismic response of different types of surface buildings and the area of the surface area which can be affected are analyzed. First, the calculation results of the interlayer displacement of the surface structure under the presence of the tunnel without the existence of the tunnel are calculated, and the influence of the tunnel is analyzed between the surface buildings and the tunnel. Secondly, in view of the possibility that the tunnel may run through the underneath of the building, the influence of the tunnel on the interlayer displacement angle of the surface structure above it is emphatically analyzed, and the distribution of the interlayer displacement angle of the surface structure with different self vibration period is given, the height of the structure is distributed under the shadow of the tunnel, and the surface building is analyzed. The type of deformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU311.3;TU93

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