本文選題：竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元 + 指接工藝��； 參考：《中國林業(yè)科學研究院》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：本文主要介紹了竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的內涵及加工工藝，研究了竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的物理、力學性能，探索了竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的優(yōu)化指接工藝，研制了竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元指接設備，建立了一條竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元示范生產(chǎn)線，并對竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元及其設備的社會價值和經(jīng)濟效益進行了評估。本研究可推動竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，確定竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元生產(chǎn)線主要設備的關鍵性技術參數(shù)及工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)技術方案，為竹材原態(tài)多方重組材在建筑領域的推廣及應用提供技術支持。 本論文的主要結論如下： 1）竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元經(jīng)過蒸煮、干燥等系列工藝處理后，其顏色會變深。具體表現(xiàn)為：與原竹相比，竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的顏色由黃白色變成咖啡色。其中明度參數(shù)L*相對于未處理過的毛竹會下降，降幅約25.32%；紅綠軸色品指數(shù)a*呈現(xiàn)向紅軸變化的趨勢，變化幅度為19.43%；黃藍軸色品指數(shù)b*呈現(xiàn)出向藍軸變化的趨勢，變化幅度為25.4%，竹材表面的顏色開始向黃藍軸的中心軸方向靠攏。竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的綜合色差△E*為9.42，其顏色變暗； 2）竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元經(jīng)過加工工藝處理后，尺寸穩(wěn)定性能顯著提高。與毛竹相比，竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的氣干體積和全干體積下降。其中氣干體積干縮率相對提高了22.48%，全干體積干縮率相對提高了22.52%；氣干體積濕脹率相對提高了28.25%，吸水后體積濕脹率相對提高了19.31%。對氣干體積干縮率、全干體積干縮率、氣干體積濕脹率、吸水后體積濕脹率進行方差分析，結果表明，試驗數(shù)據(jù)具有統(tǒng)計學意義，兩者均表現(xiàn)為顯著性差異； 3）通過對竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元實驗室及工廠試驗結果進行研究分析，探索到竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的優(yōu)化指接工藝參數(shù)為：指接端壓10MPa、指長15mm。此指接工藝條件下加工出的竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元外形美觀，強度較高，能滿足生產(chǎn)需要； 4）在本實驗端壓范圍內，竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的抗彎強度、順紋抗壓強度及順紋抗拉強度均隨著其端壓的增加而增大。指長為12mm時，抗彎強度隨著端壓的升高可相對提高15.85%，順紋抗壓強度可相對提高18.91%，順紋抗拉強度可相對提高13.58%；指長為15mm時，抗彎強度可相對提高11.06%，順紋抗壓強度可相對提高17.1%，順紋抗拉強度可相對提高17%； 5）對竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的力學性能做可重復雙因素方差分析，結果表明：竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元力學性能的F值均為正數(shù)，且在α＝0.01水平上，P＜0.001，數(shù)據(jù)具有統(tǒng)計學意義。指長和端壓對竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的抗彎強度影響表現(xiàn)為極顯著，指長和端壓的交互作用對其抗彎強度影響不顯著。指長對其順紋抗壓強度影響較為顯著，端壓及兩者的綜合效應對其順紋抗壓強度影響均不顯著。指長和端壓對其抗拉強度影響均顯著，兩者的交互作用對其影響不顯著； 6）對竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的力學性能做回歸分析，得出其抗彎強度、順紋抗壓強度、順紋抗拉強度與指接端壓（X1）和指長(X2)之間的數(shù)學回歸模型分別為＝4.796X1+6.95X2+53.137(R2＝0.453)、＝3.925X1+4.039X2+37.148(R2＝0.296)、＝2.845X1+4.33X2+47.059(R2＝0.184)；對以上三個模型進行F檢驗可知，PrF，，F(xiàn)＜0.01，即說明擬合效果極顯著。利用上述三個模型，可以預測出在一定條件下竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的力學性能變化； 7）本文研究了竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元指接設備的整體設計方案及主要機構組成，并設計了液壓、氣壓系統(tǒng)，開發(fā)了配套的卡具及加熱系統(tǒng)。此設備本著綠色、環(huán)保、節(jié)能的原則，采用了機械最優(yōu)化設計方法，使設備具有簡單實用、可靠性高、便于操作和維護等特點，既降低了人工勞動強度，又提高了生產(chǎn)效率，可以達到竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元的規(guī)�；a(chǎn)要求； 8）參照國標GB/T50344-2004《建筑結構檢測技術標準》，對竹材原態(tài)多方重組材進行了力學性能檢測，結果表明，竹材原態(tài)多方重組材的抗彎力學強度為20MPa。在抗彎強度破壞試驗過程中，靠近下端的竹材單元中間指接部位的膠粘劑被撕裂，竹材指榫錯開，局部破壞。竹材原態(tài)多方重組材順紋抗壓強度為32.64MPa。在順紋理抗壓破壞試驗過程中，指接部位存在缺陷的竹材單元最先出現(xiàn)破壞，表現(xiàn)形式為竹材原態(tài)多方重組單元指接部位指榫斷裂，且由內向外炸開。竹材原態(tài)多方重組材的力學性能強度基本達到結構材用于承重場合的標準； 9）本項目實施后，能提高竹材的經(jīng)濟附加值，增加竹農的經(jīng)濟收入，促進竹產(chǎn)區(qū)的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。同時，對于提升我國竹材加工利用及其裝備水平，保護森林資源，緩解木材供需矛盾，推行竹產(chǎn)業(yè)節(jié)能減排、低碳模式，改善居住及生存環(huán)境將發(fā)揮積極作用。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly introduces the connotation and processing technology of the multisquare restructure unit of bamboo, studies the physical and mechanical properties of the original multisquare restructure unit of bamboo, and explores the optimization of the multi-square reconstruction unit of bamboo material. This research can promote the industrial production of the multisquare restructure unit of bamboo and determine the key technical parameters of the main equipment of the production line of the raw bamboo and the main equipment of the production line of the bamboo material and the industrial production technology, which is the original bamboo raw material. Technical support is provided for the popularization and application of multistate reconstituted materials in the field of construction.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
1) the color will become deeper after a series of processes, such as cooking, drying, and so on. The color change from the original bamboo to the original bamboo is changed from yellow white to coffee. The lightness parameter L* decreases about 25.32% compared to the untreated bamboo, and the red green axis color index is a* The change trend of the red axis is 19.43%, the yellow blue axis color index b* shows a trend to blue axis, the change range is 25.4%, the color of the bamboo surface begins to close to the center axis of the yellow blue axis. The synthetic chromatic aberration Delta E* of the bamboo raw multisquare restructure unit is 9.42, and the color becomes darkened.
2) the size stability performance of the bamboo raw multi-square restructure unit was greatly improved after processing. Compared with the bamboo, the gas dry volume and the total dry volume of the original multi-square restructure unit of bamboo were decreased. The dry volume shrinkage of the gas was increased by 22.48%, the dry volume dry shrinkage was increased by 22.52%, and the dry volume wet expansion rate was relatively raised. The volume wet expansion rate after water absorption was 28.25% higher than that of 19.31%.. The dry volume shrinkage, dry volume shrinkage, dry volume wet expansion rate and volume wetting rate after water absorption were analyzed by variance analysis. The results showed that the experimental data had statistical significance, both showed significant difference.
3) through the study and analysis of the laboratory and factory test results of the bamboo raw multi-square recombination unit, the optimization of the processing parameters of the original multi-square restructure unit of bamboo is to refer to the joint end pressure 10MPa and the finger length 15mm.. Need錛

本文編號：1960204