本文選題：自清潔透水磚 + 納米TiO_2粉體�。� 參考：《大連工業(yè)大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年,隨著城市化進程的推進,但是也加重了對環(huán)境的影響。各國面臨著水資源短缺、熱島效應等問題,為了解決這些問題,世界各國的共同的目標就是開始建設“生態(tài)城市”。最近幾年城市內澇現(xiàn)象頻發(fā),都是由于城市中的不透水路面未能及時將雨水深入到地下。而普通透水磚容易出現(xiàn)雨水堵塞住孔隙的現(xiàn)象,因此,自清潔透水磚的制備勢在必行。 本論文的關鍵技術及工藝是決定制備自清潔透水磚的可行性,因此選擇透水磚的各原料質量比、成型壓力的控制、燒結溫度的選擇及保溫時間；制備納米TiO2前驅體的原料濃度、表面活性劑、助表面活性劑的選擇、反應時間等是本次實驗的主要工藝,制備自清潔透水磚的過程中的制備方法、二次煅燒溫度等是本次實驗的關鍵技術。 本文參照CaO-Al2O3-SiO2三元相圖,以粉煤灰為主要原料,糖濾泥、處理過的熟污泥為成孔劑,硅藻土為粘結劑,脫硫石膏、廢陶瓷為骨料,廢玻璃為助熔劑制備透水磚。以微乳液法制備納米Ti02前驅體,采用負壓法將納米Ti02前驅體負載到透水磚的孔隙中,經(jīng)過二次煅燒使Ti02前驅體形成銳鈦礦型納米Ti02負載到孔隙里,從而制備出具有光催化降解性能的自清潔透水磚。通過孔徑分布及比表面積分析儀、XRD、SEM、阿基米德原理、萬能試驗儀等對透水磚的比表面積、顯微結構、物相組成、孔隙率、抗折強度等進行了表征。討論了復合表面活性劑比例、反應物濃度等因素對粉體粒徑的影響,最后探討了自清潔透水磚光催化降解甲基橙溶液的效果。 實驗結果表明：粉煤灰為15%,城市熟污泥10%,糖濾泥5%,廢陶瓷+廢玻璃5%,硅藻土30%,脫硫石膏35%時,成型壓力為15MPa,燒結溫度為1070℃,保溫時間為30min,制得的透水磚的吸水率為43.59%,孔隙率為47.43%,密度為1.09g/cm3,抗折強度為12.09MPa,各項性能均達到JC/T945-2005《透水磚》國家標準。 以復合表面活性劑Span80:Tween40=3:1,Span80為6g, Tween40為2g,油相環(huán)己烷40g,助表面活性劑正丁醇5m1,取8m1濃度為3ml/L的NH3H2O,8ml濃度為0.6m1/L的TiCl4溶液,將微乳液體系攪拌5h,陳化12h,在高速離心機中以4000r/min的速度離心10min,沉淀用丙酮洗滌3次,得到前驅體。 采用負壓法將前驅體負載到直徑為2.5cm的圓形透水磚樣品中,二次煅燒為450℃,生成銳鈦礦型納米Ti02負載在透水磚孔隙中,之后對50mL濃度為20mg/L甲基橙進行光催化降解實驗,光照時間為100min。得到具有良好光催化性能的自清潔透水磚。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the progress of urbanization, but also aggravated the impact on the environment. In order to solve the problems of water shortage and heat island effect, the common goal of all countries in the world is to start building "ecological city". In recent years, urban waterlogging has occurred frequently due to the watertight pavement in the city which fails to penetrate Rain Water underground in time. The common permeable brick is prone to the phenomenon of Rain Water blocking the pore, therefore, the preparation of self-cleaning permeable brick is imperative. The key technology and process of this paper is to determine the feasibility of preparing self-cleaning permeable brick. Therefore, the raw material mass ratio, the control of molding pressure, the selection of sintering temperature and holding time, the concentration of raw material for preparing nanometer TiO2 precursor are selected. The selection of surfactant, cosurfactant and reaction time are the main process of this experiment. The preparation method of self-cleaning permeable brick is the key technology of this experiment, and the second calcination temperature is the key technology in this experiment. According to the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary phase diagram, the permeable brick was prepared from fly ash as main raw material, sugar filter mud, cooked sludge treated as pore-forming agent, diatomite as binder, desulphurized gypsum, waste ceramics as aggregate and waste glass as flux. Nanometer Ti02 precursor was prepared by microemulsion method. Nanometer Ti02 precursor was loaded into the pore of permeable brick by negative pressure method. After secondary calcination, Ti02 precursor formed anatase nanometer Ti02 loaded into pore. Thus, self-cleaning permeable brick with photocatalytic degradation property was prepared. The specific surface area, microstructure, phase composition, porosity and flexural strength of permeable brick were characterized by pore size distribution and specific surface area analyzer, Archimedes principle and universal tester. The effects of the ratio of composite surfactants and the concentration of reactants on the particle size of the powder were discussed. Finally, the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange solution by self-cleaning permeable brick was discussed. The experimental results show that when fly ash is 15, municipal sludge is 10, sugar filter is 5, waste ceramic glass is 5, diatomite is 30, desulphurized gypsum is 35, forming pressure is 15 MPA, sintering temperature is 1070 鈩，

本文編號：1919113