本文選題：混凝 + 絮體　； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：混凝技術(shù)作為水處理中應(yīng)用廣泛的技術(shù)之一，在水質(zhì)凈化過(guò)程中起到關(guān)鍵作用。鋁鹽作為最普遍的混凝劑之一，具有處理效果好、成本低的特點(diǎn)。以往的研究主要是圍繞以混凝劑投加量為主的定量分析的常規(guī)混凝研究，對(duì)于混凝劑在投入溶液初期絮體的性質(zhì)缺乏較科學(xué)的認(rèn)識(shí)，對(duì)不同條件下影響混凝劑凝聚特性的分析不夠全面。因此，這方面的研究顯得尤為重要。 本文主要探討了兩部分內(nèi)容：一、影響鋁鹽化學(xué)沉淀物初期絮凝體生成的因素。分析了在添加高氯酸鈉的背景下，絮體粒徑和Zeta電位的變化；并著重分析從投加混凝劑開(kāi)始絮凝早期的沉淀物顆粒粒徑變化趨勢(shì)。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)加入高氯酸鈉之后膠體顆粒隨時(shí)間的粒徑分布在高氯酸鈉濃度較小時(shí)，增大趨勢(shì)不明顯，而增大濃度時(shí)粒徑增長(zhǎng)明顯。二、在恒定溫度條件下不同熟化時(shí)間和不同堿化度的聚合氯化鋁在不同pH值條件下的化學(xué)沉淀物的變化。在加入高氯酸鈉的背景下，通過(guò)對(duì)這些不同條件的絮凝劑在不同pH值下測(cè)得的絮體的粒徑和Zeta電位的變化的測(cè)定，分析了影響聚合氯化鋁水化產(chǎn)物絮凝效果的因素；并研究了這些絮凝劑在一定pH值下溶液體系隨時(shí)間變化的粒徑分布。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，顆粒粒徑在同一pH值下隨著堿化度的增大而增大；在同一堿化度下隨著pH值的上升粒徑逐漸變大；一小時(shí)內(nèi)粒徑的變化也是在堿化度大的情況下幅度較大。而Zeta電位的趨勢(shì)與粒徑相反，在相同pH值下隨著堿化度增大而降低，，在相同堿化度下隨pH值的上升而降低。 另外，通過(guò)對(duì)上述試驗(yàn)的分析討論為鋁鹽混凝劑的混凝機(jī)理提供了進(jìn)一步的試驗(yàn)依據(jù)和理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As one of the widely used technologies in water treatment, coagulation plays a key role in the process of water purification. As one of the most common coagulants, aluminum salt has the characteristics of good treatment effect and low cost. The previous studies focused on the quantitative analysis of coagulant dosage, and lack of scientific understanding of the properties of coagulant flocs in the initial phase of the solution. The analysis of the effect of coagulant coagulation under different conditions is not comprehensive enough. Therefore, this aspect of research is particularly important. This paper mainly discusses two parts: first, the factors affecting the formation of flocculants in the initial stage of aluminum salt chemical precipitation. The changes of flocs particle size and Zeta potential under the background of adding sodium perchlorate were analyzed, and the variation trend of sediment particle size in the early stage of flocculation was analyzed. It was found that the size distribution of colloidal particles with time was smaller than that of sodium perchlorate, and the increasing trend was not obvious, but the particle size increased obviously when the concentration of sodium perchlorate was increased. Secondly, the change of chemical precipitate of polyaluminium chloride with different aging time and different alkalinity at constant temperature at different pH value. Under the background of adding sodium perchlorate, the factors influencing the flocculation effect of polyaluminium chloride hydration product were analyzed by measuring the particle size and Zeta potential of flocculant under different pH values. The particle size distribution of these flocculants with time at a certain pH value was studied. It is found that the particle size increases with the increase of the alkalinity at the same pH value, the particle size increases with the increase of pH value at the same alkalinity, and the change of the particle size within an hour is larger when the alkalinity is large. However, the trend of Zeta potential is opposite to that of particle size, which decreases with the increase of alkalinity at the same pH value and decreases with the increase of pH value at the same alkalinity. In addition, the analysis and discussion of the above experiments provide further experimental and theoretical basis for the coagulation mechanism of aluminum salt coagulants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.22

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