本文選題：醫(yī)院住院部安全 + 人員疏散　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國的城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)進(jìn)程從改革開發(fā)到如今邁入“十二五”時期，以北、上、廣為代表的大型城市從人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)活動的規(guī)模到城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)都取得了顯著的成績。但是成績?nèi)〉玫谋澈�，我國城�?zhèn)化進(jìn)程中的也產(chǎn)生了很多不容忽視的變化和問題。在外來新奇思潮以及政績支配審美的混亂風(fēng)氣影響下，西方建筑師為主導(dǎo)的摩天大樓改變了我國新興城市的天際線，現(xiàn)代結(jié)構(gòu)與建構(gòu)技術(shù)的發(fā)展更加催生了各種超規(guī)、超限建筑的風(fēng)靡。這種背景下的勘察設(shè)計(jì)工作更應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)處理好安全相關(guān)的問題與工作，保障建筑建設(shè)以及使用過程中的人員安全問題。以醫(yī)院建筑為代表的城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，在設(shè)計(jì)建造過程中尤其應(yīng)當(dāng)注意保障人員在應(yīng)對火災(zāi)、地震等突發(fā)狀況中的安全撤離，努力借鑒歐美先進(jìn)國家在城市化進(jìn)程中的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)與相關(guān)專業(yè)的科研成果，豐富我勘察設(shè)計(jì)從業(yè)者處理安全問題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與措施。具體而言，醫(yī)院建筑的設(shè)計(jì)工作目前主要依賴于行業(yè)規(guī)范主導(dǎo)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)式“處方”設(shè)計(jì)，“處方式”方法無法在醫(yī)院規(guī)模大型化、高層化發(fā)展趨勢下，保障人員安全疏散的需求。 本文以醫(yī)院住院部的人員疏散過程作為研究對象，通過運(yùn)用安全工程學(xué)科在的人群疏散研究領(lǐng)域的研究成果——計(jì)算機(jī)模擬人群疏散的仿真技術(shù)，進(jìn)行住院部情景下的的疏散模擬與研究工作。通過觀察分析影響疏散過程的影響因素，并將影響因素分為主客體兩個方面分別進(jìn)行進(jìn)行量化的模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)以確定其影響作用的大小和規(guī)律。最后基于這些影響因素的研究結(jié)果，提出了解決問題的設(shè)計(jì)策略，并對研究結(jié)果的使用范圍加以明確。論文以跨學(xué)科的研究方式，，通過實(shí)地調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)采集結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析對所關(guān)注的問題進(jìn)行了量化的分析研究，同時揭示人員疏散系統(tǒng)作為一個復(fù)雜具系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性和不確定性，提出以性能化設(shè)計(jì)與處方式設(shè)計(jì)相結(jié)合的方式解決具體人員疏散問題。 本文的研究過程按照提出問題——分析問題——解決問題的邏輯順序展開。整個研究過程以跨學(xué)科的方法運(yùn)用為亮點(diǎn)，規(guī)避了目前醫(yī)院建筑設(shè)計(jì)理論研究中以主觀理論分析為主，缺少客觀實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)的不足。既豐富了醫(yī)院建筑安全理論方面的研究，也基此期待能夠?yàn)楦嘟ㄖO(shè)計(jì)理論領(lǐng)域的課題研究工作提供除心理學(xué)、行為學(xué)、現(xiàn)象學(xué)等等之外更多的研究方法與策略。文章最后一章的最后一節(jié)提出了開展進(jìn)一步研究的方向與領(lǐng)域，希望能夠拋磚引玉，為相關(guān)研究提供基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:China's urbanization construction process from reform and development to now into the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, north, on the large cities, widely represented from the population, the scale of economic activities to the modernization of urban infrastructure has achieved remarkable results. But behind the achievements, China's urbanization process has also produced a lot of changes and problems that can not be ignored. Under the influence of the exotic trend of thought and the chaotic atmosphere of political achievements dominating the aesthetic, the skyscrapers dominated by western architects changed the skyline of the new cities in our country, and the development of modern structure and construction technology gave birth to various kinds of overrules. The popularity of overrun buildings. In this context, the investigation and design work should be strengthened to deal with the safety related problems and work, to ensure the building construction and personnel safety in the process of use. In the process of design and construction of urban infrastructure represented by hospital buildings, special attention should be paid to ensuring the safe evacuation of personnel in emergency situations such as fire, earthquake, etc. This paper tries to draw lessons from the advanced experience of advanced countries in Europe and the United States in the process of urbanization and the scientific research achievements of related specialties to enrich the experiences and measures of our survey and design practitioners in dealing with safety problems. Specifically, the design of hospital buildings mainly depends on the empirical "prescription" design, which is dominated by industry norms, and the method of "place way" cannot guarantee the demand of personnel safety evacuation under the trend of large-scale hospital scale and high-level development. This paper takes the evacuation process of hospital inpatient department as the research object, through the use of safety engineering in the field of crowd evacuation research results-computer simulation of crowd evacuation simulation technology, Carry on the evacuation simulation and research work under the scene of the hospital department. By observing and analyzing the influencing factors of evacuation process, the influencing factors are divided into two aspects: subject and object, and the quantitative simulation experiments are carried out to determine the size and law of the effect. Finally, based on the research results of these influencing factors, the design strategy of solving the problem is put forward, and the scope of application of the research results is clarified. In this paper, by means of interdisciplinary research, the problems concerned are analyzed quantitatively through field investigation data collection and experimental data analysis. At the same time, the complexity and uncertainty of evacuation system as a complex system are revealed. The problem of evacuation is solved by the combination of performance design and location design. The research process of this paper is based on the logical sequence of problem-analysis and problem-solving. The whole research process takes the interdisciplinary method as the bright spot, circumventing the deficiency of the subjective theory analysis in the hospital architectural design theory research at present, which lacks the objective experimental basis. It not only enriches the research of hospital building safety theory, but also provides more research methods and strategies besides psychology, behavior, phenomenology and so on. The last section of the last chapter of the article puts forward the direction and field of further research, hoping to offer the basis for the related research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU246.1;TU998.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 白曉霞;基于醫(yī)療安全的醫(yī)院建筑空間環(huán)境風(fēng)險控制研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2017年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 董詩偉;鐵路客站高架式綜合候車大廳疏散效率研究[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

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