本文選題：山東 + 鄉(xiāng)村聚落��； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀是中國鄉(xiāng)村重要的組成成分之一,占有土地面積的絕大部分。當(dāng)今,鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀的發(fā)展不僅面臨著機遇也面臨著困擾。本研究主要關(guān)注山東區(qū)域的鄉(xiāng)村,選取合理評價指標(biāo),構(gòu)建山東鄉(xiāng)村景觀評價體系,并選擇有代表性的鄉(xiāng)村進(jìn)行評價,根據(jù)評價指數(shù)尋找發(fā)展?jié)摿π耘c破壞性數(shù)據(jù),從而給予優(yōu)化策略,并根據(jù)策略進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計。 首先通過資料查閱、田野調(diào)研、問卷調(diào)查、問題分析等方法,從平面與立面兩個角度對山東聚落景觀的特征形態(tài)做理論性描述與分析；并根據(jù)鄉(xiāng)村景觀要素以及鄉(xiāng)村功能所產(chǎn)生的價值選取合理指標(biāo),從而構(gòu)建鄉(xiāng)村景觀評價指標(biāo)體系；采用“3+1”模式,借助AHP軟件進(jìn)行分析,在實地調(diào)查以及專家打分的基礎(chǔ)上獲取數(shù)據(jù),計算各個指標(biāo)在聚落景觀中得分的權(quán)重,確定各個指標(biāo)及評價總目標(biāo)的取值；最后根據(jù)科學(xué)性以及實踐性原則選取研究點,包括古民居保護、平原地域、丘陵地域與山地地域類型有代表性的村莊各一個,將選取的研究點根據(jù)評價模型進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,從而獲取各個指標(biāo)的數(shù)值,確立需要優(yōu)化的思路。最后根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果,將四個研究區(qū)域分別確定為山水生態(tài)型、傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)型、工業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摿π�、古建筑民居保護規(guī)劃型,進(jìn)行優(yōu)化策略分析以及嘗試圖紙設(shè)計方案。 在上述研究基礎(chǔ)上,完成山東鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀優(yōu)化研究,其主要研究結(jié)果包括： ①以人類聚居學(xué)與景觀生態(tài)學(xué)為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)鄉(xiāng)村景觀所包含的景觀要素、鄉(xiāng)村景觀的功能、價值等,將鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀評價分5層61個指標(biāo),建立山東鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀評價模型。 ②探索了鄉(xiāng)村景觀優(yōu)化策略與思路,即在鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀評價模型的基礎(chǔ)上對考察點進(jìn)行評價,并以研究點的潛力值以及破壞值作為需要優(yōu)化的對象,即本研究點所具有的發(fā)展?jié)摿σ约靶迯?fù)具有破壞性的元素,根據(jù)評價結(jié)果,強化鄉(xiāng)村所具有的優(yōu)勢特質(zhì),弱化破壞性因素,做出優(yōu)化策略與方案分析。 ③利用地理、地勢、人文以及非物質(zhì)文化等多要素的疊合對鄉(xiāng)村景觀分類,從而確定鄉(xiāng)村景觀發(fā)展的類型。非物質(zhì)文化與鄉(xiāng)村景觀密切相關(guān),看似無形的文化卻對鄉(xiāng)村聚落景觀起著至關(guān)重要的作用,所以將非物質(zhì)文化因素融入鄉(xiāng)村景觀評價指標(biāo)體系是有必要的。
[Abstract]:Rural settlement landscape is one of the important components of Chinese rural areas, occupying most of the land area. Nowadays, the development of rural settlement landscape faces not only opportunities but also problems. This research mainly pays attention to the villages in Shandong region, selects the reasonable evaluation index, constructs the evaluation system of Shandong rural landscape, and selects the representative villages to evaluate, according to the evaluation index to find the development potential and destructive data. The optimization strategy is given and the optimization design is carried out according to the strategy. Firstly, through the methods of data reference, field investigation, questionnaire investigation and problem analysis, this paper theoretically describes and analyzes the characteristic form of Shandong settlement landscape from two angles of plane and elevation. According to the factors of rural landscape and the value produced by rural function, the reasonable indexes are selected to construct the evaluation index system of rural landscape, and the "31" model is adopted to analyze the system with the help of AHP software. On the basis of field investigation and expert scoring, the paper obtains data, calculates the weight of each index score in settlement landscape, determines the value of each index and total evaluation goal, and finally selects the research points according to the scientific and practical principles. Including ancient residence protection, plain area, hilly region and mountainous region type of representative village, the selected research points are analyzed according to the evaluation model, so as to obtain the value of each index, and establish the idea to be optimized. Finally, according to the results of data analysis, the four research areas are determined to be landscape ecological type, traditional agriculture type, industrial development potential type, the protection and planning type of ancient residential buildings, the analysis of optimization strategy and the attempt of drawing design scheme. On the basis of the above research, the study of rural settlement landscape optimization in Shandong Province is completed. The main results are as follows: On the basis of human settlement science and landscape ecology, the evaluation model of rural settlement landscape in Shandong Province was established according to the landscape elements, functions and values of rural landscape, and the evaluation of rural settlement landscape was divided into 5 layers and 61 indexes. (2) the strategy and train of thought of rural landscape optimization are explored, that is to say, on the basis of the evaluation model of rural settlement landscape, the study site is evaluated, and the potential value and damage value of the research point are taken as the objects that need to be optimized. That is, the development potential of this research site and repair of destructive elements, according to the evaluation results, strengthen the advantages of rural characteristics, weaken the destructive factors, and make the optimization strategy and program analysis. (3) the combination of geography, topography, humanities and immaterial culture is used to classify the rural landscape, and the types of rural landscape development are determined. The immaterial culture is closely related to the rural landscape, but the seemingly invisible culture plays a vital role in the rural settlement landscape. So it is necessary to integrate the intangible cultural factors into the evaluation index system of rural landscape.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU982.29

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