本文選題：電梯系統(tǒng) + s7-200��； 參考：《天津大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電力電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展，晶閘管變流技術(shù)越來越多地用于電梯系統(tǒng)，簡化了電梯的拖動系統(tǒng)，使其性能得到提高。進(jìn)入20世紀(jì)，通過控制電動機調(diào)整定子供電電壓和頻率形成了電梯運行速度的VVVF變壓變頻系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)，開辟了電梯拖動系統(tǒng)的另一篇章。當(dāng)前，在電梯電力拖動系統(tǒng)中，除了負(fù)載較大的電梯還需要采用直流拖動系統(tǒng)以外，直流調(diào)速電梯已經(jīng)逐步被交流變頻調(diào)速電梯所取代。另外，隨著計算機技術(shù)和電子技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的繼電控制技術(shù)逐漸被先進(jìn)、方便的微控制器技術(shù)取代，進(jìn)一步提高電梯的安全性和可靠性，并降低了現(xiàn)場調(diào)試的要求。由此可見，電氣控制技術(shù)是電梯發(fā)展的核心，電梯的速度曲線則是電氣控制技術(shù)的重要目標(biāo)。 本文首先介紹了電梯發(fā)展的趨勢以及技術(shù)變革的必要性，通過介紹交流調(diào)速的技術(shù)最新進(jìn)展闡述電梯技術(shù)的發(fā)展；通過對比PID控制器和模糊PID控制器的抗干擾能力來選定模糊PID控制器為本文電梯控制系統(tǒng)的核心控制策略；分析PID控制器與模糊PID控制器的基本原理，通過對比Matlab仿真效果圖，總結(jié)兩種控制器的優(yōu)缺點；研究模糊PID控制器的設(shè)計方法和步驟，進(jìn)一步在建立電梯控制模型的基礎(chǔ)之上完成了基于PLC的模糊PID控制器的設(shè)計，并進(jìn)行Matlab的仿真驗證；在設(shè)計方案基礎(chǔ)上一方面完成了TVT—2000E組合式多層電梯控制模型硬件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，其中機械部分主要包括曳引系統(tǒng)重量平衡系統(tǒng)、電梯安全保護(hù)裝置、電梯變頻調(diào)速裝置，，電氣部分包括PLC、變頻器、觸摸屏等裝置，另一方面完成了軟件系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，包括手動控制程序、電梯校準(zhǔn)程序、自動復(fù)位控制程序、呼梯信號鎖定與清除程序、電梯轎廂開、關(guān)門控制程序、電梯轎廂加、減速控制程序等。 采用了先進(jìn)的PLC可編程控制器來實現(xiàn)模糊PID控制，完成了基于PLC的模糊PID電梯控制系統(tǒng)，經(jīng)現(xiàn)場調(diào)試，在承重變化的情況下，確保電梯運行速度按照預(yù)定曲線運行，并且通過計算機仿真和實驗驗證模糊PID調(diào)節(jié)器控制性能好，響應(yīng)快，過渡過程時間短，魯棒性好。
[Abstract]:With the development of electric and electronic technology, the thyristor flow technology is more and more used in the elevator system, which simplifies the drag system of the elevator and improves its performance. In twentieth Century, the VVVF variable frequency system of the elevator running speed was formed by controlling the stator voltage and frequency of the motor adjusting the stator power and frequency, and the elevator drag system was opened up. At present, in the elevator electric drive system, the DC speed regulating elevator has been gradually replaced by the AC variable frequency speed control elevator. Besides, with the progress and development of computer technology and electronic technology, the traditional relay control technology has been progressively advanced. It can be seen that the electric control technology is the core of the development of the elevator, and the speed curve of the elevator is the important goal of the electric control technology.
This paper first introduces the trend of the development of elevator and the necessity of technological change. By introducing the latest progress in the technology of AC speed regulation, the development of elevator technology is expounded. By comparing the anti-interference ability of PID controller and fuzzy PID controller, fuzzy PID controller is selected as the core control strategy of the elevator control system, and PID is analyzed. The basic principle of the controller and the fuzzy PID controller, by comparing the Matlab simulation effect diagram, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the two controllers, studies the design methods and steps of the fuzzy PID controller, and further completes the design of the fuzzy PID controller based on the PLC based on the establishment of the elevator control model, and carries out the simulation verification of the Matlab. On the basis of the design scheme, the design of the hardware system of the TVT - 2000E combined multi-layer elevator control model is completed. The mechanical part mainly includes the weight balance system of the traction system, the elevator safety protection device, the elevator frequency conversion speed control device, the electrical part including the PLC, the frequency converter, the touch screen and so on, and the software has completed the software on the other. The design of the system includes manual control program, elevator calibration program, automatic reset control program, elevator signal locking and cleaning program, elevator car opening, door closing control program, elevator car addition, deceleration control program and so on.
The advanced PLC programmable controller is adopted to realize fuzzy PID control, and the fuzzy PID elevator control system based on PLC is completed. After debugging in the field, the elevator running speed is ensured to run according to the predetermined curve under the condition of load bearing change, and the fuzzy PID regulator has good control performance, quick response and transition through the computer simulation and experimental verification. The process time is short and the robustness is good.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU857;TP273

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