本文選題：雙等強(qiáng)度懸臂梁 + 有限元分析�。� 參考：《西安石油大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)，隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，我國交通事業(yè)也隨之得到了蓬勃發(fā)展，在全國范圍內(nèi)，許多公路、高鐵橋梁等大結(jié)構(gòu)建筑正在進(jìn)行修建，但對(duì)于該類大型結(jié)構(gòu)建筑物的安全監(jiān)測(cè)仍然為一個(gè)空缺，導(dǎo)致了一些大型橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)自身損傷不能被及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，從而使自身損傷不斷地積累，最終引發(fā)建筑物坍塌事故，此類事故發(fā)生常常會(huì)造成重大的人員傷亡和巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。為避免此類事故的發(fā)生，及時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的檢測(cè)到建筑物的損傷情況顯得尤為重要。因此，本文主要就光纖光柵加速度振動(dòng)傳感器設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)，以使其可以滿足對(duì)建筑物的檢測(cè)；同時(shí)，對(duì)基于固有頻率的損傷識(shí)別技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，提出了一套簡單、準(zhǔn)確的檢測(cè)方法。 實(shí)驗(yàn)研制了一種基于雙等強(qiáng)度懸臂梁式光纖布拉格光柵振動(dòng)傳感器，首先通過ANSYS軟件對(duì)傳感器進(jìn)行了數(shù)值計(jì)算與仿真，得到了在各個(gè)阻尼比下傳感器的幅頻特性曲線和相頻特性曲線，不斷變化傳感器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，尋找最優(yōu)諧振頻率與加速度靈敏度，從而得到傳感器最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)；根據(jù)仿真所得的最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行傳感器加工；利用所加工的振動(dòng)傳感器進(jìn)行振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)研究并對(duì)所得實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理，將處理后的數(shù)據(jù)與ANSYS軟件仿真所得到的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較，可知，振動(dòng)平臺(tái)所測(cè)得的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與ANSYS軟件仿真結(jié)果相吻合：傳感器的諧振頻率為80.74Hz，可實(shí)現(xiàn)50Hz以下低頻振動(dòng)信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)，在5-50Hz之間的加速度靈敏度約為20.85pm/m·s-2。該傳感器可以很好地獲得建筑物的振動(dòng)信息，從而為損傷識(shí)別提供準(zhǔn)確、可靠的振動(dòng)信號(hào)。 對(duì)損傷識(shí)別的一般方法進(jìn)行簡單介紹，，明確了監(jiān)測(cè)物健康狀況與固有頻率之間存在一定關(guān)系。對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸、材料完全相同的4組橋梁模型進(jìn)行人為制造損傷，其中4組損傷程度各不相同，對(duì)4組橋梁模型進(jìn)行相同的實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)得出監(jiān)測(cè)物損傷程度與固有頻率之間的關(guān)系，當(dāng)損傷程度增加時(shí)，固有頻率將不斷減小；通過ANSYS軟件對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)中的4組橋梁建立仿真模型，進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析，得出不同損傷程度下橋梁的固有頻率，從而得到損傷程度的增加導(dǎo)致固有頻率的減小，所得結(jié)論與實(shí)驗(yàn)相吻合。因此，當(dāng)橋梁受到損傷時(shí)，其固有頻率減小。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, with the continuous progress of science and technology, the transportation industry in China has also been booming. In the whole country, many large structural buildings, such as highways, high-speed rail bridges and so on, are being built.However, the safety monitoring of this kind of large structure buildings is still a vacancy, which leads to the damage of some large bridge structures can not be found in time, which makes the self-damage accumulate continuously, and finally causes the building collapse accident.Such accidents often result in heavy casualties and huge economic losses.In order to avoid such accidents, timely and accurate detection of building damage is particularly important.Therefore, in this paper, the design of fiber Bragg grating acceleration vibration sensor is studied and experimented, so that it can satisfy the detection of buildings. At the same time, the damage identification technology based on natural frequency is studied, and a set of simple method is put forward.Accurate detection method.A kind of fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor based on double strength cantilever beam is developed experimentally. Firstly, the sensor is numerically calculated and simulated by ANSYS software.The amplitude-frequency characteristic curve and phase frequency characteristic curve of the sensor under each damping ratio are obtained, and the structural parameters of the sensor are constantly changed, and the optimum resonance frequency and acceleration sensitivity are found, and the optimal structural parameters of the sensor are obtained.According to the optimum structural parameters obtained by simulation, the sensor is machined, and the vibration table test is carried out by using the vibration sensor, and the experimental data are processed.Comparing the processed data with the data obtained by ANSYS software simulation, we can see,The experimental results obtained from the vibration platform are in agreement with the simulation results of ANSYS software. The resonant frequency of the sensor is 80.74 Hz, which can realize the real-time monitoring of the low frequency vibration signal below 50Hz, and the acceleration sensitivity between 5-50Hz is about 20.85pm/m s-2.The sensor can obtain the vibration information of buildings and provide accurate and reliable vibration signals for damage identification.The general methods of damage identification are briefly introduced, and the relationship between the health status of the monitor and the natural frequency is clarified.Four groups of bridge models with the same structure size and material were subjected to artificial damage, and the four groups of bridge models were subjected to the same experiments.The relationship between the damage degree and the natural frequency of the monitored object is obtained. When the damage degree increases, the natural frequency will decrease continuously. The simulation model of the four groups of bridges in the experiment is established by ANSYS software, and the modal analysis is carried out.The natural frequency of the bridge with different damage degree is obtained, and the increase of the damage degree leads to the decrease of the natural frequency, and the conclusion is in agreement with the experiment.Therefore, when the bridge is damaged, its natural frequency decreases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU317;TP212

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