本文關鍵詞： 住區(qū)空間形態(tài) 污染物擴散 交通干道 城市形態(tài)學指標 數(shù)值模擬　出處：《華中科技大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會，能源和健康問題成為關注的主題。近年來，隨著城市化快速發(fā)展，以及人們生活水平的提高，城市中機動車數(shù)量大幅增加，使得城市干道周邊機動車尾氣導致的污染現(xiàn)象嚴重，與此同時，城市的過度開發(fā)也導致城市內(nèi)部建筑密集，自然通風不暢，無法將污染物質(zhì)有效地擴散出去。而在與人們生活密切相關的住區(qū)建筑設計中，開發(fā)商大多考慮的是容積率以及建筑體型的美觀，并未從住區(qū)整體形態(tài)對污染物擴散途徑影響的角度考慮建筑設計。 基于上述情況，本研究以武漢地區(qū)氣候為背景，把污染物擴散作為切入點，引入對住區(qū)空間形態(tài)進行定量化描述的城市形態(tài)學指標，結合計算流體力學（CFD）的方法，探討住區(qū)空間形態(tài)與交通干道污染物擴散狀況之間的相互關系，研究有利于污染物擴散的住區(qū)空間形態(tài)及相應的設計策略。 本文首先梳理了國內(nèi)外關于住區(qū)形態(tài)與自然通風的關系、污染物擴散相關技術研究，接下來運用CFD技術進行建模，將已發(fā)表污染物擴散結果同模擬研究結果對比，驗證了模擬方法的可靠性。然后采用皺褶率、孔隙率等城市形態(tài)學指標及簡化住區(qū)模型，針對住區(qū)建筑不同形態(tài)的污染物擴散模擬結果進行比較分析，得出不同皺褶率、孔隙率及平面形式下住區(qū)污染物濃度分布狀況的規(guī)律，探討住區(qū)空間形態(tài)與污染物擴散狀況之間的相互關系。 結果顯示相對皺褶率的增大對于降低住區(qū)污染物濃度確有顯著的積極作用。沿主導風向逐漸升高的住區(qū)形態(tài)有利于減小其內(nèi)部污染物濃度。而孔隙率在不同平面形式和不同風向下，其住區(qū)內(nèi)部污染物濃度分布的關系各不相同。文章最后結合實際工程案例來驗證設計策略的有效性，，對整個工作進行總結，提出若干未來相關研究的發(fā)展方向。
[Abstract]:In modern society, energy and health issues become the focus of the topic. In recent years, with the rapid development of the city, and the improvement of people's living standard, the number of motor vehicles in the city increased sharply, pollution phenomenon makes the city roads surrounding the vehicle exhaust caused serious, and at the same time, the excessive development of the city also lead to inner city buildings and natural poor ventilation, pollution cannot be effectively spread out. And the architectural design of residential area is closely related with people in life, most developers consider the volume and shape of the building appearance, not from residential architectural design to consider the overall shape of the pollutant diffusion way influence angle.
Based on the above, in the context of climate in Wuhan, the diffusion of pollutants as a starting point, introducing city morphology index quantitative description of residential space form, combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to investigate the residential space form and the relationship between dry road traffic pollutant diffusion status, research conducive to the spread of pollutants in residential space form and the corresponding design strategies.
This paper first analyzes the relationship of residential morphology and natural ventilation at home and abroad, research on technology diffusion of pollutants, then modeling using CFD technology, will be published with the results of simulation of pollutant diffusion results verified the reliability of the simulation method. Then the crease rate, porosity and morphology index simplified residential city model. According to the different forms of building living pollutant diffusion simulation results obtained in different folds rate, the porosity and the plane form of residential district pollutant concentration distribution law, explore the residential space form and the relationship between the status of pollutant diffusion.
The results showed that the relative rate of eyefold increases for positive effect is concentration reduced to live area. Pollutants significantly increased gradually along the dominant direction of residential morphology is conducive to reducing the internal concentration of pollutants. But the porosity in the form of different levels and different wind conditions, its internal relations of pollutant concentration distribution in residential area at the end of this paper to vary. To verify the validity of the design method combined with the actual engineering case, the whole work is summarized and put forward the development direction of future research.

【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：X73;TU984.12

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