本文關(guān)鍵詞： 建筑節(jié)能 門窗熱工性能 建筑能耗 模擬計算　出處：《浙江大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：門窗作為建筑結(jié)構(gòu)中不可缺少的部件,是室內(nèi)與室外聯(lián)系的重要組成部分,同時也是建筑節(jié)能中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),通過門窗損失的能量約占建筑圍護部件總能耗的40%～50%。因此針對節(jié)能門窗材料與各項性能的研究對建筑節(jié)能具有重要意義。本文在綜合論述了目前我國建筑門窗的發(fā)展、研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,從實際檢測、理論計算、模擬計算的角度對節(jié)能門窗的材料性能、熱工理論計算及模擬進行研究,并采用建筑能耗模擬軟件,結(jié)合門窗熱工性能計算結(jié)果,研究門窗熱工性能對建筑能耗的影響,為節(jié)能門窗的研究及應(yīng)用奠定重要理論基礎(chǔ)。主要研究內(nèi)容以及結(jié)論如下 分別對集成松木、集成柞木、集成竹材進行耐候性以及力學性能研究,研究結(jié)果顯示集成松木、集成柞木與集成竹木在鹽霧環(huán)境下均易發(fā)生嚴重霉變和膨脹。當集成松木與集成柞木的紋理方向與受力方向一致時,抗彎強度達到最大；集成竹材作為新型門窗材料,抗彎強度優(yōu)于集成松木,且不受紋理方向影響。 制作了純木節(jié)能門窗、斷橋鋁合金節(jié)能門窗、木包鋁門窗、鋁包木門窗、塑鋼門窗等典型節(jié)能門窗系列的標準樣窗,對其保溫性能、水密性、氣密性以及抗風壓性進行了研究,結(jié)果顯示各系列節(jié)能門窗均有良好的使用性能以及優(yōu)異的節(jié)能保溫性能。 根據(jù)相關(guān)標準和算法,計算中空玻璃系統(tǒng)以及整窗系統(tǒng)的傳熱系數(shù),計算結(jié)果表明采用Low-E玻璃以及充入惰性氣體,均可使中空玻璃系統(tǒng)傳熱系數(shù)顯著降低。填充空氣時普通中空玻璃與Low-E中空玻璃傳熱系數(shù)分別為2.70W/(m2·K)和1.86W/(m2·K)；填充氬氣時,二者傳熱系數(shù)分別降至2.60W/(m2·K)和1.54W/(m2·K)。玻璃種類與窗框材質(zhì)均對門窗保溫性能具有重要影響。 使用THERM和WINDOW軟件,對中空玻璃系統(tǒng)、窗框以及整窗熱工性能進行模擬計算,研究氣體間隔層厚度以及充入惰性氣體對中空玻璃傳熱系數(shù)、太陽得熱系數(shù)以及可見光透過率的影響。計算結(jié)果顯示氣體間隔層厚度以及充入惰性氣體對中空玻璃傳熱系數(shù)均有明顯影響,對太陽得熱系數(shù)與可見光透過率影響不大,空氣間隔層厚度為12mm時,傳熱系數(shù)最小。對比研究了中空玻璃系統(tǒng)充入空氣、氬氣、氪氣、氙氣等條件下,傳熱系數(shù)、太陽得熱系數(shù)以及可見光透過率的變化規(guī)律。 幾類典型節(jié)能門窗傳熱系數(shù)的實際檢測、理論計算以及模擬計算結(jié)果表明：各種理論及模擬計算的結(jié)果與實際檢測結(jié)果基本一致,為節(jié)能門窗的設(shè)計提供了重要理論依據(jù)。 結(jié)合門窗模擬結(jié)果,利用建筑能耗模擬軟件DeST-c,分析了在我國嚴寒地區(qū)、寒冷地區(qū)、夏熱冬冷地區(qū)、溫和地區(qū)以及夏熱冬暖地區(qū)氣候條件下,建筑模型裝配不同材質(zhì)節(jié)能門窗時的制冷能耗、采暖能耗以及全年總能耗。結(jié)果表明對于各地區(qū)采暖能耗,窗框系統(tǒng)的保溫性能發(fā)揮更為顯著的影響；而玻璃種類對各地區(qū)制冷能耗具有更重要的意義。
[Abstract]:As an indispensable part of building structure, door and window is an important part of indoor and outdoor connection, and also a weak link in building energy saving. The energy lost by windows and doors accounts for about 40% of the total energy consumption of building envelope parts. Therefore, the research on the materials and properties of energy saving doors and windows is of great significance to building energy conservation. This paper comprehensively discusses the development of building doors and windows in China at present. On the basis of the research status, the material performance, thermal theory calculation and simulation of energy saving doors and windows are studied from the point of view of actual inspection, theoretical calculation and simulation calculation, and the building energy consumption simulation software is used to combine the results of thermal performance calculation of windows and doors. The influence of thermal properties of windows and doors on building energy consumption is studied, which lays an important theoretical foundation for the research and application of energy saving doors and windows. The main contents and conclusions are as follows. The weathering and mechanical properties of integrated pine, integrated tussah and integrated bamboo were studied respectively. Both integrated oak and integrated bamboo are prone to severe mildew and expansion in salt mist environment. When the texture direction and stress direction of integrated pine and integrated oak are the same, the bending strength of integrated oak and integrated bamboo is the highest, and integrated bamboo is a new type of door and window material. The flexural strength is superior to the integrated pine and is not affected by the texture direction. The standard sample windows for typical energy-saving windows and doors such as pure wood energy saving doors and windows, broken bridge aluminum alloy energy saving windows and doors and windows, wood wrapped aluminum doors and windows, aluminum wrapped wood doors and windows, plastic steel windows and doors and windows were made, and their heat preservation performance, watertightness, etc. The air tightness and wind pressure resistance are studied. The results show that each series of energy saving doors and windows have good performance in use and excellent performance of energy saving and heat preservation. According to the relevant standards and algorithms, the heat transfer coefficients of the hollow glass system and the whole window system are calculated. The results show that the Low-E glass and the inert gas are used. The heat transfer coefficient of ordinary hollow glass and Low-E hollow glass is 2.70 W / m ~ 2 路K ~ (2) and 1.86 W / m ~ (2) 路K ~ (2) when air is filled with argon, respectively. The heat transfer coefficient decreased to 2.60 W / m ~ 2 路K) and 1.54 W / m ~ 2 路K ~ (2 路K) respectively. The type of glass and the material of window frame have important influence on the thermal insulation performance of windows and doors. The thermal properties of hollow glass system, window frame and whole window were simulated and calculated by THERM and WINDOW software. The thickness of gas spacer and the heat transfer coefficient of hollow glass filled with inert gas were studied. The results show that the thickness of gas spacer layer and the filling of inert gas have obvious effects on the heat transfer coefficient of hollow glass, but have little effect on the solar heat gain coefficient and visible light transmittance. The heat transfer coefficient is the smallest when the thickness of air spacer is 12mm. The variation of heat transfer coefficient, solar heat coefficient and visible light transmittance of hollow glass system filled with air, argon, Krypton and xenon are studied. The experimental results of heat transfer coefficient of several typical energy-saving windows and doors show that: the results of various theories and simulation calculations are basically consistent with the actual test results, which provides an important theoretical basis for the design of energy-saving windows and doors. Combined with the simulation results of windows and doors, using the building energy consumption simulation software DeST-c, this paper analyzes the climate conditions in cold, cold, hot summer and cold winter regions, mild areas and hot summer and warm winter regions in China. The cooling energy consumption, heating energy consumption and the total energy consumption of the whole year when the building model is assembled with different materials and energy saving doors and windows, the results show that the heat preservation performance of window frame system plays a more significant role in the energy consumption of heating in different regions. The type of glass has more important significance to the energy consumption of refrigeration in different regions.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU228;TU111.195

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