車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下交叉口群速度引導(dǎo)模型及仿真
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-23 21:49
【摘要】：機(jī)動(dòng)車保有量激增,導(dǎo)致城市交通擁堵問題日益嚴(yán)重,交通安全與環(huán)境污染問題日益突出。作為城市路網(wǎng)交通流主要集散點(diǎn),交叉口的信號控制策略、車輛排隊(duì)是造成交通擁堵的關(guān)鍵原因之一。以交叉口群作為管控對象用于緩解城市交通擁堵問題已經(jīng)成為研究共識(shí),隨著車聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,基于該技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)交叉口群車輛的速度引導(dǎo),將為緩解城市交通擁堵問題提供一種有效的解決策略。本文針對城市主干道路線性交叉口群設(shè)計(jì)了速度引導(dǎo)算法,形成“動(dòng)態(tài)綠波帶”實(shí)現(xiàn)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的交叉口群車速引導(dǎo),緩解城市交通擁堵。首先,從動(dòng)態(tài)速度控制、動(dòng)態(tài)速度引導(dǎo)、車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境特征測試、交叉口群速度引導(dǎo)和技術(shù)應(yīng)用等方面,對國內(nèi)外的速度引導(dǎo)研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了總結(jié),給出了本文的研究內(nèi)容和技術(shù)路線。在介紹車聯(lián)網(wǎng)的系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建、技術(shù)體系和作用機(jī)理基礎(chǔ)上,對比分析了傳統(tǒng)行駛環(huán)境與車聯(lián)網(wǎng)行駛環(huán)境下速度引導(dǎo)方法的差異,并對車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下速度引導(dǎo)機(jī)理與基本方法進(jìn)行了論述。然后,介紹了交叉口群的基本概念、特性和界定方法,基于上述兩種環(huán)境下速度引導(dǎo)差異性分析,分別提出了基于單點(diǎn)、協(xié)同兩種場景的線性交叉口群速度引導(dǎo)算法,包括引導(dǎo)策略、算法設(shè)計(jì)與流程等。為驗(yàn)證算法有效性,考慮車聯(lián)網(wǎng)速度引導(dǎo)影響因子,基于EstiNet仿真軟件構(gòu)建了兩種場景下速度引導(dǎo)算法測試環(huán)境。針對EstiNet軟件提供的車載、信號、路側(cè)等三種智能體二次編程開發(fā),實(shí)現(xiàn)了論文提出的交叉口群單點(diǎn)、協(xié)同速度引導(dǎo)算法。最后,利用設(shè)計(jì)的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境速度引導(dǎo)評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,從運(yùn)行效率、污染排放和行駛安全等方面對速度引導(dǎo)算法的效果進(jìn)行了定量分析,對比分析兩種速度引導(dǎo)算法的效果,并結(jié)合車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境速度引導(dǎo)影響因子對算法敏感性進(jìn)行研究。同時(shí),利用行車速度、車頭時(shí)距分析了車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的交通流特征。仿真結(jié)果顯示,實(shí)施交叉口群協(xié)同速度引導(dǎo)策略后,平均速度、行程時(shí)間可靠性分別改善了 13.36%、76.61%,停車時(shí)間、延誤時(shí)間、可達(dá)性阻隔系數(shù)、污染排放和速度連續(xù)性分別下降了 51.02%、65.79%、86.32%、7.07%、23.89%。相對于交叉口群單點(diǎn)速度引導(dǎo),協(xié)同速度引導(dǎo)減少了 19.64%的不必要速度引導(dǎo)信息推送,對評價(jià)指標(biāo)也具有更好的改善效果。對影響因子敏感性分析表明,設(shè)備裝載率和引導(dǎo)遵從率的上升以及通信距離的降低,會(huì)使得評價(jià)指標(biāo)的改善程度更為明顯。此外,交通流特征分析方面,兩種環(huán)境下車輛的行車速度和車頭時(shí)距都可以分別采用正態(tài)分布和移位負(fù)指數(shù)分布進(jìn)行擬合,且引導(dǎo)車輛通過交叉口停車線處的行車速度提升了 51.81%,車頭時(shí)距減小了 24.67%,表明提出的算法提高了通行效率,緩解了城市交叉口群的擁堵。
[Abstract]:The proliferation of motor vehicle ownership leads to the increasingly serious problem of urban traffic congestion, and the problems of traffic safety and environmental pollution are becoming more and more prominent. As the main distribution point of traffic flow in urban road network, the signal control strategy of intersection, vehicle queuing is one of the key reasons for traffic congestion. It has become a research consensus that cross-port group is used as the control object to alleviate the problem of urban traffic jams. With the rapid development of vehicle networking technology, the speed guidance of cross-port group vehicles is realized based on this technology. It will provide an effective solution to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. In this paper, a speed guidance algorithm is designed for the linear crossing group of urban main roads, and a "dynamic green wave belt" is formed to guide the speed of the intersection group in the environment of vehicle networking, so as to alleviate the traffic congestion in the city. First of all, from the aspects of dynamic speed control, dynamic speed guidance, vehicle network environmental characteristics test, intersection group speed guidance and technical application, the research status of speed guidance at home and abroad is summarized. The research content and technical route of this paper are given. On the basis of introducing the system construction, technical system and action mechanism of vehicle networking, this paper compares and analyzes the differences of speed guidance methods between traditional driving environment and vehicle networking driving environment. The mechanism and basic method of speed guidance in vehicle networking environment are discussed. Then, the basic concept, characteristics and definition method of the intersection group are introduced. based on the analysis of the difference of velocity guidance in the above two environments, the speed guidance algorithm of linear intersection group based on single point and cooperative scene is proposed respectively. Including guidance strategy, algorithm design and process, and so on. In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, considering the influence factors of vehicle network speed guidance, the test environment of speed guidance algorithm in two scenarios is constructed based on EstiNet simulation software. Aiming at the secondary programming of vehicle, signal and road side provided by EstiNet software, the single point and cooperative speed guidance algorithm of intersection group proposed in this paper is realized. Finally, the effect of the speed guidance algorithm is quantitatively analyzed from the aspects of running efficiency, pollution discharge and driving safety, and the effects of the two speed guidance algorithms are compared and analyzed by using the designed speed guidance evaluation index system of the vehicle network environment. The sensitivity of the algorithm is studied by combining the influencing factors of speed guidance in vehicle networking environment. At the same time, the traffic flow characteristics in the vehicle network environment are analyzed by using the driving speed and the front time distance. The simulation results show that the average speed and travel time reliability are improved by 13.36%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61% and 76.61%, respectively. Pollution emissions and speed continuity decreased by 51.02%, 65.79%, 86.32%, 7.07% and 23.89%, respectively. Compared with the single point speed guidance of intersection group, the cooperative speed guidance reduces the unnecessary speed guide information push by 19.64%, and also has a better effect on the evaluation index. The sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors shows that the increase of equipment loading rate and guide compliance rate and the decrease of communication distance will make the improvement of evaluation index more obvious. In addition, in the analysis of traffic flow characteristics, the driving speed and headway time distance of vehicles in the two environments can be fitted by normal distribution and displacement negative exponential distribution, respectively. The driving speed of the guided vehicle through the intersection parking line is increased by 51.81%, and the headway time distance is reduced by 24.67%, which indicates that the proposed algorithm improves the traffic efficiency and alleviates the congestion of the urban intersection group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U495
本文編號：2484252
[Abstract]:The proliferation of motor vehicle ownership leads to the increasingly serious problem of urban traffic congestion, and the problems of traffic safety and environmental pollution are becoming more and more prominent. As the main distribution point of traffic flow in urban road network, the signal control strategy of intersection, vehicle queuing is one of the key reasons for traffic congestion. It has become a research consensus that cross-port group is used as the control object to alleviate the problem of urban traffic jams. With the rapid development of vehicle networking technology, the speed guidance of cross-port group vehicles is realized based on this technology. It will provide an effective solution to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion. In this paper, a speed guidance algorithm is designed for the linear crossing group of urban main roads, and a "dynamic green wave belt" is formed to guide the speed of the intersection group in the environment of vehicle networking, so as to alleviate the traffic congestion in the city. First of all, from the aspects of dynamic speed control, dynamic speed guidance, vehicle network environmental characteristics test, intersection group speed guidance and technical application, the research status of speed guidance at home and abroad is summarized. The research content and technical route of this paper are given. On the basis of introducing the system construction, technical system and action mechanism of vehicle networking, this paper compares and analyzes the differences of speed guidance methods between traditional driving environment and vehicle networking driving environment. The mechanism and basic method of speed guidance in vehicle networking environment are discussed. Then, the basic concept, characteristics and definition method of the intersection group are introduced. based on the analysis of the difference of velocity guidance in the above two environments, the speed guidance algorithm of linear intersection group based on single point and cooperative scene is proposed respectively. Including guidance strategy, algorithm design and process, and so on. In order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, considering the influence factors of vehicle network speed guidance, the test environment of speed guidance algorithm in two scenarios is constructed based on EstiNet simulation software. Aiming at the secondary programming of vehicle, signal and road side provided by EstiNet software, the single point and cooperative speed guidance algorithm of intersection group proposed in this paper is realized. Finally, the effect of the speed guidance algorithm is quantitatively analyzed from the aspects of running efficiency, pollution discharge and driving safety, and the effects of the two speed guidance algorithms are compared and analyzed by using the designed speed guidance evaluation index system of the vehicle network environment. The sensitivity of the algorithm is studied by combining the influencing factors of speed guidance in vehicle networking environment. At the same time, the traffic flow characteristics in the vehicle network environment are analyzed by using the driving speed and the front time distance. The simulation results show that the average speed and travel time reliability are improved by 13.36%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61%, 76.61% and 76.61%, respectively. Pollution emissions and speed continuity decreased by 51.02%, 65.79%, 86.32%, 7.07% and 23.89%, respectively. Compared with the single point speed guidance of intersection group, the cooperative speed guidance reduces the unnecessary speed guide information push by 19.64%, and also has a better effect on the evaluation index. The sensitivity analysis of the influencing factors shows that the increase of equipment loading rate and guide compliance rate and the decrease of communication distance will make the improvement of evaluation index more obvious. In addition, in the analysis of traffic flow characteristics, the driving speed and headway time distance of vehicles in the two environments can be fitted by normal distribution and displacement negative exponential distribution, respectively. The driving speed of the guided vehicle through the intersection parking line is increased by 51.81%, and the headway time distance is reduced by 24.67%, which indicates that the proposed algorithm improves the traffic efficiency and alleviates the congestion of the urban intersection group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U495
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