【摘要】：馬鈴薯是我國(guó)第四大糧食作物,分布區(qū)域廣,但在馬鈴薯的分選技術(shù)方面大部分地區(qū)還處于人工分選階段。基于此現(xiàn)狀,本項(xiàng)目組設(shè)計(jì)了基于機(jī)器視覺(jué)的馬鈴薯分級(jí)機(jī)。采集馬鈴薯的圖像信息進(jìn)行分析處理后,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)馬鈴薯尺寸和外部缺陷的快速無(wú)損分選。為了滿(mǎn)足馬鈴薯分級(jí)機(jī)分選過(guò)程中對(duì)馬鈴薯圖像采集的要求,本文設(shè)計(jì)了基于多CCD攝像機(jī)的馬鈴薯分級(jí)檢測(cè)圖像采集系統(tǒng),主要內(nèi)容有:(1)為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)馬鈴薯表面信息的完整提取,在使馬鈴薯做平拋運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程中,采用了四臺(tái)CCD攝像機(jī)對(duì)馬鈴薯進(jìn)行圖像采集的方案。詳細(xì)分析了圖像采集系統(tǒng)的組成,包括PC機(jī)、四通道的千兆網(wǎng)卡、四臺(tái)CCD攝像機(jī)、同步信號(hào)控制器等。(2)多CCD攝像機(jī)在采集運(yùn)動(dòng)的馬鈴薯圖像時(shí),需要保證攝像機(jī)的同步。否則,會(huì)因?yàn)閿z像機(jī)不同步出現(xiàn)丟幀或亂幀的現(xiàn)象影響后期分選的精度和效率。本文以STC89C52單片機(jī)作為核心控制器,設(shè)計(jì)了同步信號(hào)控制器,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)四臺(tái)攝像機(jī)的觸發(fā)工作和同步任務(wù),同時(shí)詳細(xì)分析了同步信號(hào)控制器的硬件組成和編程方法。(3)在基于MERUCURY軟件包的基礎(chǔ)上,分析軟件包中提供的函數(shù)功能,利用Visual Studio 2010設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái),調(diào)用相關(guān)函數(shù),開(kāi)發(fā)了一款將多臺(tái)攝像機(jī)采集到的馬鈴薯圖像實(shí)時(shí)顯示的系統(tǒng)軟件,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)馬鈴薯圖像的實(shí)時(shí)顯示和采集要求。本文設(shè)計(jì)的基于多CCD攝像機(jī)的馬鈴薯分級(jí)檢測(cè)圖像采集系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了多攝像機(jī)的同步觸發(fā)工作,保證了馬鈴薯整體的表面信息采集,同時(shí)可以將采集到的馬鈴薯圖像實(shí)時(shí)顯示在PC機(jī)的軟件界面上。本文設(shè)計(jì)的基于多CCD攝像機(jī)的馬鈴薯分級(jí)檢測(cè)圖像采集系統(tǒng)對(duì)于馬鈴薯分級(jí)機(jī)對(duì)馬鈴薯的準(zhǔn)確、快速分選提供了重要的技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Potato is the fourth largest grain crop in China, with a wide distribution area, but most of the areas are still in the stage of manual separation. Based on this situation, the project team designed a potato grader based on machine vision. After analyzing and processing the image information of potato, the rapid nondestructive sorting of potato size and external defects is realized. In order to meet the requirements of potato image acquisition in the sorting process of potato grader, a potato hierarchical detection image acquisition system based on multi-CCD camera is designed in this paper. The main contents are as follows: (1) in order to extract the surface information of potato completely, four CCD cameras are used to collect the image of potato in the process of flat throwing. The composition of the image acquisition system is analyzed in detail, including PC, four-channel gigabit network card, four CCD cameras, synchronous signal controllers, etc. (2) Multi-CCD cameras need to ensure the synchronization of the camera when collecting moving potato images. Otherwise, the accuracy and efficiency of post-sorting will be affected by the phenomenon of frame loss or scrambling because the camera is not synchronous. In this paper, using STC89C52 single chip microcomputer as the core controller, the synchronous signal controller is designed, and the trigger work and synchronization task of four cameras are realized. At the same time, the hardware composition and programming method of synchronous signal controller are analyzed in detail. (3) on the basis of MERUCURY software package, the function provided in the software package is analyzed, and the related functions are called by using Visual Studio 2010 design platform. A system software for real-time display of potato images collected by multiple cameras is developed, and the requirements for real-time display and acquisition of potato images are realized. In this paper, a potato hierarchical detection image acquisition system based on multi-CCD camera is designed, which realizes the synchronous trigger of multi-camera and ensures the surface information acquisition of potato as a whole. At the same time, the collected potato image can be displayed on the software interface of PC in real time. In this paper, the potato hierarchical detection image acquisition system based on multi-CCD camera provides important technical support for the accurate and rapid sorting of potato classification machine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S532;TP391.41

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