高敏感度無源RFID傳感標簽的設計研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-29 11:50
【摘要】：近年來,無源射頻識別(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技術與傳感器功能相結合形成的無源RFID傳感技術,引起了人們的廣泛關注。無源RFID技術與傳感器的結合方式通常是RFID標簽與傳感器結合,即無源RFID傳感標簽。無源RFID傳感標簽具有成本低、壽命長等優(yōu)點,但其設計挑戰(zhàn)在于如何實現(xiàn)盡可能高的傳感敏感度,以精確地感知細微的環(huán)境變化。現(xiàn)有的無源RFID傳感標簽設計通過特別地選定標簽天線拓撲、并優(yōu)化天線尺寸來提高標簽的傳感敏感度。無論無源RF1D傳感標簽的天線采用何種拓撲以及是否優(yōu)化,本文將在傳感標簽的RFID芯片和天線之間設計插入一個無源的敏化電路,以大幅度提高無源RFID傳感標簽的傳感敏感度。圍繞敏化電路,本論文的研究內容包括:1.建立了匹配網(wǎng)絡的網(wǎng)絡敏感度理論。在微波網(wǎng)絡和匹配網(wǎng)絡理論的基礎上,提出了匹配網(wǎng)絡對負載變化的網(wǎng)絡敏感度定義,并分析了完全匹配、小失配匹配網(wǎng)絡的網(wǎng)絡敏感度。通過設計、制作和測試多個匹配電路,驗證了網(wǎng)絡敏感度的定義和分析的有效性;2.提出了敏化電路的設計理論及方法。鑒于環(huán)境變化決定了傳感標簽天線或負載的阻抗變化路徑,匹配網(wǎng)絡設計于路徑上不同負載阻抗時,在全路徑上產生的總體敏感度不同。選定在全路徑上具有最大總體敏感度的網(wǎng)絡作為敏化電路。給出了決定敏化電路的散射參數(shù)和最佳負載的設計原則,以及敏化電路的集總、分布參數(shù)電路實現(xiàn)方式;3.研究了基于敏化電路的高敏感度無源RFID傳感標簽設計技術�，F(xiàn)有的無源RFID傳感標簽設計通過優(yōu)化選定拓撲的標簽天線尺寸來提高傳感敏感度。而設計實例證明:將敏化電路加入已優(yōu)化的傳感標簽中,傳感標簽的敏感度仍可以大幅度提高�？紤]到天線優(yōu)化一般是盲目、耗時的,設計實例證明:敏化電路可以結合未經(jīng)優(yōu)化的標簽天線,以高效地設計高敏感度無源RFID傳感標簽。鑒于傳感器在天線上的加載位置是影響傳感標簽敏感度的重要因素,優(yōu)化了傳感器的加載位置以最大化由敏化電路帶來的傳感敏感度的提升。4.開展了敏化電路和標簽天線的聯(lián)合優(yōu)化設計研究。首先,為了實現(xiàn)更高的敏感度,通過采用基于MOEA/D-DE(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition combined with differential evolution)算法的標簽天線優(yōu)化方法,提出了最適合敏化電路的標簽天線優(yōu)化目標。其次,為了實現(xiàn)更緊湊的高敏感度傳感標簽結構,將敏化電路和標簽天線一體化設計。通過分析敏化電路和天線拓撲在高敏感度傳感標簽設計中的權重,說明了一體化設計的必要性。最后,采用基于 MOEA/D-GO(MOEA/D combined with genetic operators)算法和Fragment型結構的標簽天線拓撲優(yōu)化方法,將敏化電路看作天線拓撲的部分結構,探索最敏感或最合適的無源RFID傳感標簽天線拓撲。綜上,本文通過對敏化電路進行系統(tǒng)的深入的研究,為高敏感度無源RFID傳感標簽設計提供了一套全新的且更為有效的設計方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the passive RFID sensing technology, which is formed by the combination of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and the sensor function, has caused widespread attention. The combination of passive rfid technology with the sensor is typically a combination of an rfid tag with a sensor, i. e. a passive rfid sensor tag. The passive rfid sensor tag has the advantages of low cost, long service life and the like, but the design challenge is how to achieve as high a sensing sensitivity as possible to accurately perceive subtle environmental changes. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve the sensing sensitivity of the tag by specifically selecting the tag antenna topology and optimizing the antenna size. Regardless of the topology and optimization of the antenna of the passive RF1D sensing tag, a passive sensitization circuit is designed to be inserted between the RFID chip and the antenna of the sensing tag to substantially improve the sensing sensitivity of the passive RFID sensor tag. The research contents of this thesis include:1. The network sensitivity theory of the matching network is established. On the basis of the microwave network and the matching network theory, the network sensitivity definition of the matching network to the load change is proposed, and the network sensitivity of the matching network with the small mismatch is analyzed. by designing, making and testing a plurality of matching circuits, the definition and the validity of the network sensitivity are verified; The design theory and method of the sensitization circuit are put forward. In view of the fact that the environmental change determines the impedance change path of the sensing tag antenna or load, the overall sensitivity generated on the full path is different when the matching network is designed for different load impedances on the path. A network with the largest overall sensitivity on the full path is selected as a sensitizing circuit. The design principle of the scattering parameter and the optimal load of the sensitizing circuit is given, and the general and distributed parameter circuit of the sensitized circuit is realized. The design technology of high-sensitivity passive RFID (RFID) sensor based on the sensitization circuit is studied. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve sensing sensitivity by optimizing the tag antenna size of the selected topology. And the design example proves that the sensitivity of the sensing label can be greatly improved when the sensitized circuit is added into the optimized sensing label. In view of the fact that antenna optimization is generally blind, time-consuming, the design example demonstrates that a sensitizing circuit can incorporate an unoptimized tag antenna to efficiently design a high-sensitivity passive rfid sensing tag. In view of the fact that the loading position of the sensor on the antenna is an important factor that affects the sensitivity of the sensing tag, the loading position of the sensor is optimized to maximize the boost of the sensing sensitivity brought by the sensitized circuit. The joint optimization design of the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna is carried out. First, in order to achieve higher sensitivity, a label antenna optimization method is proposed based on the MOEA/ D-DE (multi-objective) algorithm based on the method of optimization of the tag antenna. Second, in order to realize a more compact high-sensitivity sensing label structure, the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna are integrated. The necessity of the integrated design is explained by analyzing the weight of the sensitization circuit and the antenna topology in the high-sensitivity sensor label design. Finally, using the MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D-GO) algorithm and the fragment antenna topology optimization method of the Fragrant-type structure, the sensitization circuit is considered as a partial structure of the antenna topology, and the most sensitive or most suitable passive RFID sensor tag antenna topology is explored. In general, this paper provides a new and more effective design method for high-sensitivity passive RFID tag design through the deep research of the sensitization circuit.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.44
本文編號：2449516
[Abstract]:In recent years, the passive RFID sensing technology, which is formed by the combination of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and the sensor function, has caused widespread attention. The combination of passive rfid technology with the sensor is typically a combination of an rfid tag with a sensor, i. e. a passive rfid sensor tag. The passive rfid sensor tag has the advantages of low cost, long service life and the like, but the design challenge is how to achieve as high a sensing sensitivity as possible to accurately perceive subtle environmental changes. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve the sensing sensitivity of the tag by specifically selecting the tag antenna topology and optimizing the antenna size. Regardless of the topology and optimization of the antenna of the passive RF1D sensing tag, a passive sensitization circuit is designed to be inserted between the RFID chip and the antenna of the sensing tag to substantially improve the sensing sensitivity of the passive RFID sensor tag. The research contents of this thesis include:1. The network sensitivity theory of the matching network is established. On the basis of the microwave network and the matching network theory, the network sensitivity definition of the matching network to the load change is proposed, and the network sensitivity of the matching network with the small mismatch is analyzed. by designing, making and testing a plurality of matching circuits, the definition and the validity of the network sensitivity are verified; The design theory and method of the sensitization circuit are put forward. In view of the fact that the environmental change determines the impedance change path of the sensing tag antenna or load, the overall sensitivity generated on the full path is different when the matching network is designed for different load impedances on the path. A network with the largest overall sensitivity on the full path is selected as a sensitizing circuit. The design principle of the scattering parameter and the optimal load of the sensitizing circuit is given, and the general and distributed parameter circuit of the sensitized circuit is realized. The design technology of high-sensitivity passive RFID (RFID) sensor based on the sensitization circuit is studied. The existing passive rfid sensor tag designs improve sensing sensitivity by optimizing the tag antenna size of the selected topology. And the design example proves that the sensitivity of the sensing label can be greatly improved when the sensitized circuit is added into the optimized sensing label. In view of the fact that antenna optimization is generally blind, time-consuming, the design example demonstrates that a sensitizing circuit can incorporate an unoptimized tag antenna to efficiently design a high-sensitivity passive rfid sensing tag. In view of the fact that the loading position of the sensor on the antenna is an important factor that affects the sensitivity of the sensing tag, the loading position of the sensor is optimized to maximize the boost of the sensing sensitivity brought by the sensitized circuit. The joint optimization design of the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna is carried out. First, in order to achieve higher sensitivity, a label antenna optimization method is proposed based on the MOEA/ D-DE (multi-objective) algorithm based on the method of optimization of the tag antenna. Second, in order to realize a more compact high-sensitivity sensing label structure, the sensitization circuit and the tag antenna are integrated. The necessity of the integrated design is explained by analyzing the weight of the sensitization circuit and the antenna topology in the high-sensitivity sensor label design. Finally, using the MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D)-GO (MOEA/ D-GO) algorithm and the fragment antenna topology optimization method of the Fragrant-type structure, the sensitization circuit is considered as a partial structure of the antenna topology, and the most sensitive or most suitable passive RFID sensor tag antenna topology is explored. In general, this paper provides a new and more effective design method for high-sensitivity passive RFID tag design through the deep research of the sensitization circuit.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.44
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