【摘要】：隨著三維信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展,孔洞修補(bǔ)技術(shù)成為一項重要的研究課題。但至今對帶有尖銳特征或者具有多種曲面類型的復(fù)雜曲面的孔洞修補(bǔ)效果仍不盡如人意。本文結(jié)合點(diǎn)云物體的顯著特征-脊谷特征,給出了基于脊、谷線擬合的孔洞修補(bǔ)方法。主要工作集中在以下幾個方面:(1)針對孔洞修補(bǔ)的復(fù)雜性問題,給出了一種基于人機(jī)交互配對的脊、谷線修復(fù)方法。該方法首先根據(jù)象限進(jìn)行邊界點(diǎn)的提取,并利用點(diǎn)的曲率特征獲取脊、谷特征點(diǎn);然后分別對其進(jìn)行分組,采用最小生成樹的方法將這些點(diǎn)連接形成邊界線和脊、谷線;最后基于人機(jī)交互選取孔洞邊界處的脊、谷線進(jìn)行配對,進(jìn)而采用曲線擬合的方法進(jìn)行脊、谷線整合,恢復(fù)出孔洞上的脊、谷線。(2)針對小孔洞修補(bǔ)的尖銳特征保持問題,給出了一種基于脊、谷線控制的孔洞曲面擬合的點(diǎn)云孔洞整體補(bǔ)缺方法。該方法首先進(jìn)行孔洞邊界點(diǎn)的配對曲線擬合,生成一系列的曲線;然后在表征著孔洞處結(jié)構(gòu)信息的脊、谷線的限制下,對這些擬合曲線進(jìn)行插值修整,生成控制點(diǎn)序列;最后采用NURBS曲面進(jìn)行曲面擬合來完成孔洞的修補(bǔ)。(3)針對大孔洞修補(bǔ)的輪廓形狀保持問題,設(shè)計并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種基于脊、谷線的點(diǎn)云孔洞分塊補(bǔ)缺方法。該方法首先基于修復(fù)出的脊、谷線進(jìn)行孔洞的劃分;然后對每個劃分出的小孔洞,在邊界線以及脊、谷線的限制下,計算出每個被劃分出來的小孔洞的NURBS曲面擬合的控制點(diǎn)序列,最后對每個小孔洞進(jìn)行NURBS曲面擬合,最終完成孔洞的修補(bǔ)。本文的方法,不僅為點(diǎn)云測量中不可避免的孔洞修復(fù)給予了有效支撐,并為基于點(diǎn)云的各類方法在實(shí)測點(diǎn)云上的魯棒性應(yīng)用提供了良好途徑。
[Abstract]:With the development of three-dimensional information technology, hole repair technology has become an important research topic. However, the effect of hole repair for complex surfaces with sharp features or various surface types is still unsatisfactory. In this paper, the feature of ridge-valley, which is a prominent feature of cloud objects, is combined, and a method of hole repair based on ridge and valley line fitting is presented. The main work focuses on the following aspects: (1) aiming at the complexity of hole repair, a method of ridge and valley line restoration based on human-computer interaction pairing is presented. Firstly, the boundary points are extracted according to the quadrant, and the ridge and valley feature points are obtained by the curvature feature of the points, and then the points are grouped into groups, and the minimum spanning tree is used to connect these points to form boundary lines, ridges and valley lines. Finally, the ridge at the hole boundary is selected based on human-computer interaction, the valley line is matched, and then the ridge and valley line are integrated by curve fitting method to restore the ridge and valley line on the hole. (2) to maintain the sharp feature of small hole repair. In this paper, a new method of hole surface fitting based on ridge and valley line is presented. In this method, a series of curves are generated by fitting the matching curves of the hole boundary points, and then, under the constraints of ridges and valley lines that represent the structural information of the holes, the fitting curves are interpolated to generate control point sequences. Finally, the surface fitting of NURBS surface is used to complete the repair of holes. (3) aiming at the problem of maintaining the contour of large holes, a method of filling holes in point cloud based on ridges and valley lines is designed and implemented. The method is based on the restored ridges and valley lines. Then, under the limit of boundary line, ridge and valley line, the control point sequence of NURBS surface fitting for each divided small hole is calculated. Finally, the NURBS surface fitting for each small hole is carried out. The final completion of the hole repair. The method in this paper not only provides an effective support for the inevitable hole restoration in point cloud measurement, but also provides a good way for the robust application of various methods based on point cloud on the measured point cloud.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP391.41

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