【摘要】：自計(jì)算機(jī)誕生以來(lái),數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)和處理便是計(jì)算機(jī)信息技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的重要部分,在20世紀(jì)60年代就已經(jīng)提出了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)概念,E.F.Codd在其論文中闡述了關(guān)系模型,關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)逐漸成為主流。隨著信息技術(shù)和軟件工程的發(fā)展和大數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)代的到來(lái),傳統(tǒng)的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)雖然有其使用上的便利性,但在性能上存在瓶頸,難以直接應(yīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)模和時(shí)效性要求,因此將傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)單點(diǎn)架構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換為分布式架構(gòu)成為一種有效的解決方法,各個(gè)不同的廠商或機(jī)構(gòu)都對(duì)這一領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了不同的探索,也提出了一些不同的解決方案和模型。在實(shí)際部署或使用過(guò)程中,一套完整的數(shù)據(jù)分析處理系統(tǒng)或信息服務(wù)系統(tǒng)模型被細(xì)分為更多的層次模塊。往往在搭建過(guò)程中,需要負(fù)責(zé)不同部分的專業(yè)人員協(xié)同工作,增加建設(shè)成本。因此,如何能保留傳統(tǒng)關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)低使用門(mén)檻的優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時(shí)又能保證其在處理大規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù)的性能具有十分重要的研究意義。與此同時(shí),云計(jì)算由于其特有的資源彈性伸縮、集中管理、數(shù)據(jù)安全等優(yōu)點(diǎn)開(kāi)始被廣泛使用,用戶可以根據(jù)自己的需要購(gòu)買相應(yīng)資源而且在短時(shí)間內(nèi)便可直接使用,免去了自行搭建硬件平臺(tái)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的工作,同時(shí)也省去了自行維護(hù)的任務(wù),更多的信息服務(wù)商開(kāi)始將自己的平臺(tái)搭建在云計(jì)算平臺(tái)之上。因此,本論文所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng),也希望能夠充分利用云平臺(tái)的資源靈活分配的特性。綜上,本文針對(duì)在將關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)轉(zhuǎn)為分布式架構(gòu)的過(guò)程中,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)功能和性能上面臨的主要技術(shù)難題,例如分布式事務(wù)處理,數(shù)據(jù)快速定位等等問(wèn)題,進(jìn)行了研究。本論文的主要研究目的是提供一種基于云計(jì)算平臺(tái)的分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),通過(guò)探究相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)分布策略、數(shù)據(jù)查詢使用模型、數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)同步方法以及系統(tǒng)彈性伸縮模型,通過(guò)合理的模型設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)一種低成本、易使用的、彈性可伸縮的分布式關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)。論文首先對(duì)分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的課題背景和國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀做了綜述,并交代了論文結(jié)構(gòu)安排,然后提出了在系統(tǒng)模型設(shè)計(jì)上所存在的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,同時(shí)根據(jù)作者的相關(guān)技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出了相應(yīng)的解決方法和整體的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方式,最后進(jìn)行了部分功能和性能的測(cè)試以及總結(jié)分析。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of computer, the storage and processing of data is an important part of computer information technology. In the 1960s, the concept of database management system has been put forward, and E.F.Codd has elaborated the relational model in his thesis. Relational database has gradually become the mainstream. With the development of information technology and software engineering and the arrival of big data era, although the traditional relational database has its convenience to use, there are bottlenecks in its performance, so it is difficult to directly deal with the demand of current data scale and timeliness. Therefore, the conversion of traditional database single point architecture to distributed architecture becomes an effective solution. Different manufacturers or organizations have made different explorations in this field, and have also put forward some different solutions and models. In the actual deployment or use process, a complete data analysis and processing system or information service system model is subdivided into more hierarchical modules. Often in the process of building, need to take charge of different parts of the professionals to work together to increase the cost of construction. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to retain the advantages of low threshold of use in traditional relational databases, and at the same time to ensure their performance in dealing with large scale data. At the same time, due to its unique advantages of flexibility, centralized management, data security and so on, cloud computing has been widely used. Users can purchase the corresponding resources according to their own needs and can use them directly in a short period of time. It eliminates the work of building hardware platform and network, and also saves the task of self-maintenance. More information service providers begin to build their own platform on cloud computing platform. Therefore, the system designed in this paper also hopes to make full use of the flexible resource allocation of cloud platform. In summary, this paper focuses on the main technical problems in the process of transforming relational database into distributed architecture, such as distributed transaction processing, fast positioning of data, and so on. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a distributed database based on cloud computing platform, through exploring the corresponding data distribution strategy, data query usage model, data automatic synchronization method and system elastic expansion model. A low cost, easy to use, flexible and scalable distributed relational database system is implemented by reasonable model design. In this paper, the background of the distributed database and the current research situation at home and abroad are summarized, and the structure of the paper is described. Then, the key and difficult problems in the design of the system model are put forward. At the same time, according to the author's relevant technical experience, the corresponding solution and the whole system design method are put forward. Finally, some function and performance tests and summary analysis are carried out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP311.13

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