【摘要】：條紋投影測量技術具有非接觸、量程大、實時性強等優(yōu)點而被廣泛應用于大型曲面形狀檢測、文物保護、三維重構、工業(yè)檢測、國防軍事等。目前條紋投影測量系統(tǒng)的結構有很大的局限性,對一些測量要求比較嚴格的場合,其測量精度還有待提高。研究光投影測量仿真技術對優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)結構和減小測量誤差具有很好的推動作用,對研究三維物體表面對條紋的空間調(diào)制過程,解調(diào)方法、系統(tǒng)參數(shù)對測量的影響、評價測量算法的優(yōu)劣、確定合理的技術方案和系統(tǒng)結構具有重要的意義。本文重點研究了投影機光軸和相機光軸沒有交點的條紋投影測量仿真系統(tǒng)(交叉光軸投影測量仿真系統(tǒng)),分別對投影機光軸和參考平面不相互垂直的測量系統(tǒng)(傾斜投影測量系統(tǒng))和投影機光軸與參考平面垂直的測量系統(tǒng)(垂直投影測量系統(tǒng))進行了研究。本文的主要研究成果如下:1.提出了一種傾斜投影的交叉光軸投影測量仿真系統(tǒng)。新的仿真系統(tǒng)中投影儀的光軸和相機的光軸不需要相交于一點,通過坐標的平移和旋轉求出物體表面和參考平面上的條紋相位值。新的仿真系統(tǒng)對陰影區(qū)域的判斷方法進行了改進,在參考平面上陰影區(qū)域的判斷運用迭代法,在物體表面上陰影區(qū)域的判斷運用向量法,兩種方法的結合既擴大了其適用范圍,又提高了其計算速度。2.提出了一種垂直投影條紋的雙目測量仿真系統(tǒng)。該仿真系統(tǒng)中投影儀的光軸和被測場景的參考平面相互垂直,而相機光軸和參考平面是相互傾斜的。這樣的位置關系使該系統(tǒng)可以包含兩個攝像機,一般對稱放置,能夠減小攝像頭拍攝盲區(qū),增加了投影測量系統(tǒng)的測量范圍,提高了其測量的便利性。3.首次在條紋投影測量系統(tǒng)中加入了離焦仿真和畸變仿真。目前存在的仿真系統(tǒng)都是在理想的針孔模型下的仿真系統(tǒng),為了使該仿真系統(tǒng)能夠和真實的拍攝效果更加接近,根據(jù)鏡頭相機成像的原理,在仿真系統(tǒng)加入了離焦仿真的功能。根據(jù)鏡頭畸變的原因,在仿真系統(tǒng)中加入了畸變仿真的功能。
[Abstract]:Fringe projection measurement technology is widely used in large curved surface shape detection, cultural relic protection, 3D reconstruction, industrial detection, national defense and military, because of its advantages of non-contact, large measuring range and strong real-time. At present, the structure of fringe projection measurement system has great limitations. The research on the simulation technology of optical projection measurement has a good effect on optimizing the system structure and reducing the measurement error. It can also be used to study the spatial modulation process, demodulation method and the effect of system parameters on the measurement of the fringe on the 3D object surface. It is of great significance to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the measurement algorithm and to determine the reasonable technical scheme and system structure. This paper focuses on the fringe projection measurement simulation system (cross optical axis projection simulation system), which has no intersection point between the optical axis of the projector and the optical axis of the camera. The measurement system (tilt projection measurement system) in which the optical axis and the reference plane of the projector are not perpendicular to each other and the vertical measuring system of the optical axis and the reference plane of the projector (vertical projection measurement system) are studied respectively. The main research results of this paper are as follows: 1. An oblique projection simulation system for cross-axis projection measurement is proposed. In the new simulation system, the optical axis of the projector and the optical axis of the camera do not need to be intersected at one point. The phase values of the fringe on the object surface and the reference plane are obtained by the translation and rotation of the coordinates. The new simulation system improves the judgment method of shadow region. The iterative method is used to judge the shadow area on the reference plane, and the vector method is used to judge the shadow area on the object surface. The combination of the two methods not only expands the scope of its application, The speed of calculation is also improved. 2. A binocular measurement simulation system for vertical projection fringes is proposed. In this simulation system, the optical axis of the projector is perpendicular to the reference plane of the scene under test, while the camera optical axis and the reference plane are inclined to each other. This kind of position relation can make the system contain two cameras, which can be placed symmetrically, reduce the blind area of camera shooting, increase the measuring range of projection measurement system, and improve the convenience of measurement. Defocus simulation and distortion simulation are added to the fringe projection measurement system for the first time. The existing simulation systems are all simulation systems under the ideal pinhole model. In order to make the simulation system more close to the real shooting effect, the defocus simulation function is added to the simulation system according to the principle of camera imaging. According to the reason of lens distortion, the function of distortion simulation is added to the simulation system.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.9

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