基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)的水文氣象終端技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-02 17:48
【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,人口、資源、環(huán)境3大問題日益嚴(yán)峻,解決這3大問題的主要突破口是海洋,因而開發(fā)、利用、保護(hù)、管理海洋至關(guān)重要。自動(dòng)觀測(cè)海洋要素,及時(shí)獲取海洋信息,是研究海洋的必要手段,是開發(fā)利用海洋的關(guān)鍵。因此,研發(fā)一個(gè)低功耗、高性能的水文氣象終端系統(tǒng)對(duì)海洋觀測(cè)具有重大意義。本論文首先研究了《海濱觀測(cè)規(guī)范》的要求以及基本海洋水文氣象觀測(cè)系統(tǒng),對(duì)水文氣象終端的整體系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。硬件上選擇了ARM Cortex-M3核的LPC1788微控制器為主控芯片,擴(kuò)展了外圍接口電路,如電源電路、RS485/RS232接口電路、SDRAM存儲(chǔ)電路等。接著進(jìn)行了嵌入式軟件平臺(tái)的構(gòu)建,研究了實(shí)時(shí)操作系μC/OS-II和圖形界面系統(tǒng)μC/GUI,進(jìn)行了μC/OS-II和μC/GUI的移植和底層配置。根據(jù)水文氣象終端需求進(jìn)行任務(wù)劃分和優(yōu)先級(jí)配置,并對(duì)各個(gè)任務(wù)進(jìn)行編程,主要任務(wù)有:串口任務(wù)、GUI顯示任務(wù)、ADC數(shù)據(jù)采集任務(wù)、定時(shí)關(guān)背光任務(wù)、文件系統(tǒng)存儲(chǔ)任務(wù)等。軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)完成后,對(duì)水文氣象終端進(jìn)行了調(diào)試和應(yīng)用。針對(duì)具體的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合,進(jìn)行了傳感器的選型,實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)的采集、本地存儲(chǔ)、實(shí)時(shí)顯示以及遠(yuǎn)程傳輸功能。接著將SD卡保存的溫濕度傳感器測(cè)得的數(shù)據(jù),與同一時(shí)間采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溫濕度計(jì)人工觀測(cè)記錄的數(shù)據(jù),進(jìn)行了誤差分析,驗(yàn)證了數(shù)據(jù)的正確性;利用最小二乘法對(duì)保存的溫度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行多項(xiàng)式曲線擬合,預(yù)測(cè)未來3小時(shí)的溫度數(shù)據(jù)。在上位機(jī)部分實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)接收與處理軟件設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控界面設(shè)計(jì),進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程數(shù)據(jù)接收與顯示。經(jīng)過長時(shí)間的測(cè)試證明,基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的水文氣象終端達(dá)到了體積小、集成度高、通用性強(qiáng)、功耗低、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等要求,且系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行性能穩(wěn)定,測(cè)量的數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)確性高,適用于各類海洋要素的觀測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the population, resources and environment have become more and more serious. The main breakthrough to solve these three problems is the ocean, so it is very important to develop, utilize, protect and manage the ocean. Automatic observation of ocean elements and timely acquisition of ocean information are the necessary means to study the ocean and the key to the exploitation and utilization of the ocean. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a low power and high performance hydrometeorological terminal system for ocean observation. In this paper, the requirements of Seaside observation Code and the basic marine hydrometeorological observation system are studied, and the whole system of hydrometeorological terminal is designed. In hardware, the LPC1788 microcontroller with ARM Cortex-M3 core is selected as the main control chip, and the peripheral interface circuits, such as power supply circuit, RS485/RS232 interface circuit, SDRAM memory circuit and so on, are extended. Then, the embedded software platform is constructed, the real-time operation system 渭 C/OS-II and the graphical interface system 渭 C / GUI are studied, and the 渭 C/OS-II and 渭 C/GUI are transplanted and configured at the bottom. According to the requirements of hydrometeorological terminal, the tasks are divided and prioritized, and each task is programmed. The main tasks are serial port task, GUI display task, ADC data acquisition task, timing off backlight task, file system storage task and so on. After the hardware and software design is completed, the hydrometeorological terminal is debugged and applied. According to the specific application situation, the sensor selection is carried out, and the functions of data collection, local storage, real-time display and remote transmission are realized. Then, the data obtained by the temperature and humidity sensor stored by SD card and the data recorded by manual observation using standard temperature and humidity meter at the same time are analyzed by error analysis, and the correctness of the data is verified. The saved temperature data were fitted with polynomial curve by least square method to predict the temperature data in the next 3 hours. The software design of data receiving and processing and the design of real-time monitoring interface are realized in the part of upper computer, and the remote data is received and displayed. After a long period of testing, it is proved that the hydrometeorological terminal based on the Internet of things architecture has achieved the requirements of small volume, high integration, strong versatility, low power consumption, strong environmental adaptability, etc., and the performance of the system is stable. The accuracy of the measured data is high, and it is suitable for the observation of all kinds of ocean elements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5;P339
，
本文編號(hào)：2306507
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the population, resources and environment have become more and more serious. The main breakthrough to solve these three problems is the ocean, so it is very important to develop, utilize, protect and manage the ocean. Automatic observation of ocean elements and timely acquisition of ocean information are the necessary means to study the ocean and the key to the exploitation and utilization of the ocean. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a low power and high performance hydrometeorological terminal system for ocean observation. In this paper, the requirements of Seaside observation Code and the basic marine hydrometeorological observation system are studied, and the whole system of hydrometeorological terminal is designed. In hardware, the LPC1788 microcontroller with ARM Cortex-M3 core is selected as the main control chip, and the peripheral interface circuits, such as power supply circuit, RS485/RS232 interface circuit, SDRAM memory circuit and so on, are extended. Then, the embedded software platform is constructed, the real-time operation system 渭 C/OS-II and the graphical interface system 渭 C / GUI are studied, and the 渭 C/OS-II and 渭 C/GUI are transplanted and configured at the bottom. According to the requirements of hydrometeorological terminal, the tasks are divided and prioritized, and each task is programmed. The main tasks are serial port task, GUI display task, ADC data acquisition task, timing off backlight task, file system storage task and so on. After the hardware and software design is completed, the hydrometeorological terminal is debugged and applied. According to the specific application situation, the sensor selection is carried out, and the functions of data collection, local storage, real-time display and remote transmission are realized. Then, the data obtained by the temperature and humidity sensor stored by SD card and the data recorded by manual observation using standard temperature and humidity meter at the same time are analyzed by error analysis, and the correctness of the data is verified. The saved temperature data were fitted with polynomial curve by least square method to predict the temperature data in the next 3 hours. The software design of data receiving and processing and the design of real-time monitoring interface are realized in the part of upper computer, and the remote data is received and displayed. After a long period of testing, it is proved that the hydrometeorological terminal based on the Internet of things architecture has achieved the requirements of small volume, high integration, strong versatility, low power consumption, strong environmental adaptability, etc., and the performance of the system is stable. The accuracy of the measured data is high, and it is suitable for the observation of all kinds of ocean elements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5;P339
，
本文編號(hào)：2306507
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