【摘要】：隨著計算機科學在政治、經(jīng)濟以及科技等領域的廣泛應用,軟件技術(shù)已應用到了人們生活的方方面面。軟件變得更大更復雜,軟件質(zhì)量也面臨著更大的考驗,對軟件可信水平評價的軟件可信性度量技術(shù)也變得越來越重要。然而目前軟件可信性度量技術(shù)并不成熟,其表現(xiàn)為軟件可信性沒有統(tǒng)一定義、軟件可信屬性沒有統(tǒng)一標準、沒有成熟的軟件可信屬性度量模型,并且現(xiàn)有的軟件可信性度量方法也存在著理論難以實踐以及度量結(jié)果不精確等問題。針對上述問題,論文提出了一種基于貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡的軟件可信性度量方法,該方法利用貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡在體系結(jié)構(gòu)上對軟件強大的解釋和推理能力,根據(jù)軟件的體系結(jié)構(gòu)建立貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡,從結(jié)構(gòu)上將軟件分治處理,對貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡中的軟件組成模塊進行度量,得出被度量模塊的相關可信指標的參數(shù)分布。然后,在此可信指標基礎上,根據(jù)軟件集成模塊之間的依賴關系建立貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡,獲得集成系統(tǒng)的可信指標結(jié)果分布。論文主要工作如下:首先,論文分析了可信屬性之間的關系,為綜合軟件各可信屬性對軟件進行度量奠定基礎。其次,為確�？尚跑浖攘康牟僮骺尚行�,論文提出了一種基于軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu)建造貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡的方法。論文研究了軟件模塊化表達方式,包括對軟件的類、模塊之間的繼承、調(diào)用等關系的分析,根據(jù)它們之間的依賴關系建立了貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡,將軟件的度量由系統(tǒng)級規(guī)約到模塊級,減小度量的難度。再次,基于所建立的貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡對軟件各組件進行度量。論文驗證了軟件各功能點,以得到功能屬性和驗證軟件集成水平。在可靠性方面度量了軟件的成功路徑指數(shù)和執(zhí)行任務成功指數(shù)。為較快得到準確的度量結(jié)果,度量時使用了先驗概率方法。對軟件運行有重大影響但出現(xiàn)頻率低,度量難以覆蓋的情況,采用重要性取樣原理對其進行加速度量,以得出全面的度量結(jié)果。在軟件可維護性屬性度量方面評價了可維護子屬性,探索了可維護性在貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡中的度量應用。最后,對航行器多協(xié)同路徑規(guī)劃仿真軟件進行了可信屬性度量實驗,使用貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡將被度量的軟件分治,降低了度量難度。采用貝葉斯網(wǎng)絡針對性的度量軟件各部分能降低可信度量時注入的用例數(shù)量,實驗證明了該方法的可行性和高效性。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of computer science in politics, economy, science and technology, software technology has been applied to every aspect of people's life. Software becomes bigger and more complex, software quality is also facing a greater test, software credibility evaluation of the level of software credibility measurement technology has become more and more important. However, at present, the software credibility measurement technology is not mature, which shows that there is no unified definition of software credibility, no unified standard for software trusted attributes, no mature software trusted attribute measurement model. And the existing software credibility measurement methods also have some problems, such as the theory is difficult to practice and the measurement results are not accurate. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposes a software credibility measurement method based on Bayesian network, which makes use of Bayesian network's powerful interpretation and reasoning ability to software in architecture. According to the software architecture, the Bayesian network is established, the software is divided and treated from the structure, the software component module in the Bayesian network is measured, and the parameter distribution of the relevant trusted index of the measured module is obtained. Then, on the basis of the trusted index, the Bayesian network is established according to the dependence relationship between the software integration modules, and the distribution of the trusted index results is obtained. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, this paper analyzes the relationship between trusted attributes, which lays the foundation for synthesizing the trusted attributes of software to measure the software. Secondly, in order to ensure the operational feasibility of trusted software metrics, a method of building Bayesian networks based on software architecture is proposed in this paper. This paper studies the software modularization expression, including the analysis of the software classes, the inheritance between the modules, the invocation and so on. According to their dependencies, the Bayesian network is established, and the software metrics are reduced from the system level to the module level. Reduce the difficulty of measurement. Thirdly, the software components are measured based on the established Bayesian network. The function points of the software are verified in order to obtain the functional attributes and verify the level of software integration. The software success path index and task execution success index are measured in terms of reliability. In order to get accurate measurement results quickly, a priori probability method is used in measurement. It has a great influence on the software operation, but the frequency is low, and the measurement is difficult to cover, so the importance sampling principle is used to measure the acceleration of the software, so as to obtain the overall measurement results. In the aspect of software maintainability attribute measurement, the maintainability subattribute is evaluated, and the application of maintainability in Bayesian network is explored. Finally, a trusted attribute measurement experiment is carried out on the simulation software of multi-cooperative path planning for aircraft, and Bayesian network is used to divide and conquer the measured software, which reduces the difficulty of measurement. Using Bayesian network to measure each part of the software can reduce the number of use cases injected when the confidence level is reduced. The experimental results show that the method is feasible and efficient.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP311.5

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