【摘要】：隨著科技的迅猛發(fā)展,給人類的生活的很多方面都帶來了變化。經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,使人們對(duì)于生活品質(zhì)的追求變的越來越高,智能化的設(shè)備更加普遍,智能家居系統(tǒng)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。當(dāng)今涉及智能家居的企業(yè)很多,如海爾、格力等,他們所提出的一整套智能家居解決方案具有購(gòu)買成本高、布線困難、后期維護(hù)費(fèi)用高以及升級(jí)困難等問題,針對(duì)這些問題,本文提出了一種基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的智能家居系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)方案,通過低成本路由器替代網(wǎng)關(guān)以及wifi傳輸數(shù)據(jù)和開源操作系統(tǒng)等方式來解決上述問題。本文主要有做了以下幾方面工作:首先,智能家居網(wǎng)關(guān)是基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的智能家居系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵部分,我主要做的工作為通過基于Linux開發(fā)的OpenWrt路由軟件平臺(tái)交叉編譯定制更適合智能家居的網(wǎng)關(guān)系統(tǒng),具有輕量化、模塊化程度高以及文件系統(tǒng)可寫的特點(diǎn)。在此系統(tǒng)之上編程實(shí)現(xiàn)了不同設(shè)備的連接以及協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換,其中包括下發(fā)來自服務(wù)層的指令、實(shí)時(shí)反饋網(wǎng)關(guān)狀態(tài)、對(duì)底層設(shè)備進(jìn)行控制、狀態(tài)監(jiān)控以及動(dòng)態(tài)維護(hù)設(shè)備信息等功能,還設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)于上下層不同協(xié)議的轉(zhuǎn)換,提高了協(xié)議兼容性,這樣使得智能家居網(wǎng)關(guān)在民用住宅中更易于部署。其次,還采用了基于Linux系統(tǒng)的樹莓派作為本系統(tǒng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)層設(shè)備,在其開源系統(tǒng)中采用C、Python開發(fā)語(yǔ)言編程實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)上層設(shè)備協(xié)議的解析、底層設(shè)備的控制、信息匯總、狀態(tài)監(jiān)控、實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)維護(hù)設(shè)備列表以及定時(shí)控制等功能。采用開源硬件可以對(duì)開發(fā)成本、開發(fā)周期得到很好的控制,并且不會(huì)由于一款特定芯片生產(chǎn)周期的結(jié)束而更換整套設(shè)備。最后,在節(jié)點(diǎn)層和底層設(shè)備之間設(shè)計(jì)了可以兼容多種設(shè)備的硬件轉(zhuǎn)接板,包括原理圖的設(shè)計(jì)以及PCB電路的繪制。它可以連接多種形式的GPIO接口,從而為以后添加不同功能的設(shè)備打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, many aspects of human life have changed. With the development of economy, people's pursuit of quality of life becomes higher and higher, and intelligent equipment becomes more and more common, and intelligent home system emerges as the times require. Nowadays, there are a lot of enterprises involved in smart home, such as Haier, Gree and so on. They put forward a set of smart home solutions with high purchase cost, difficult wiring, high maintenance cost and difficulty in upgrading. In this paper, a solution of intelligent home system based on Internet of things is proposed, which can solve the above problems by replacing gateway with low-cost router, transmitting data by wifi and open source operating system. The main work of this paper is as follows: first, the smart home gateway is a key part of the intelligent home system based on the Internet of things. My main work is to cross-compile and customize the gateway system which is more suitable for smart home through the OpenWrt routing software platform based on Linux, which has the characteristics of lightweight, high modularization and writable file system. The connection and protocol conversion of different devices are realized by programming on this system, including sending down instructions from service layer, real-time feedback gateway status, controlling the underlying equipment, monitoring the state and maintaining the equipment information dynamically, and so on. It also designs and implements the conversion of different protocols between the upper and lower layers, and improves the compatibility of the protocols, which makes the smart home gateway easier to deploy in the civil residence. Secondly, the raspberry pie based on Linux system is used as the node layer device of the system. In its open source system, the analysis of the upper device protocol, the control of the bottom device, the collection of information and the monitoring of the status are realized by programming in the open source system. Real-time dynamic maintenance of equipment list and timing control and other functions. Using open source hardware can control the cost of development, the development cycle is well controlled, and the entire equipment will not be replaced by the end of a specific chip production cycle. Finally, a hardware adapter is designed between the node layer and the underlying device, including the design of schematic diagram and the drawing of PCB circuit. It can connect various forms of GPIO interface, thus laying a good foundation for adding different functions of the device in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5;TU855

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