【摘要】：紋理圖像中重復(fù)紋理元素的提取是指將組成紋理圖像的具有相同或相似特性的重復(fù)單元(即紋理元素)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)提取出來。重復(fù)紋理元素提取的目的是識(shí)別紋理圖像中具有相似視覺特征的區(qū)域,將圖像的表現(xiàn)形式加以簡(jiǎn)化或者改變,使復(fù)雜的紋理圖像歸宿為簡(jiǎn)單獨(dú)立的單個(gè)紋理元素的重復(fù)組合,以便圖像更容易被計(jì)算機(jī)理解和分析,同時(shí)為主觀重組設(shè)計(jì)紋理圖像提供必要的前提條件。其中圖像的分割通常參照如下規(guī)則:部分區(qū)域表示目標(biāo)紋理元素的基本結(jié)構(gòu);其他區(qū)域則表示與目標(biāo)存在一定差異的同質(zhì)區(qū)域,即紋理背景區(qū)域。一方面,紋理元素的提取能夠?qū)⒓y理圖像分解成獨(dú)立的單元模塊,而獨(dú)立的紋理元素代表了紋理圖像的基本構(gòu)成,因此有效利用已抽取的紋理元素來分析原紋理圖像的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),是對(duì)紋理圖像組成結(jié)構(gòu)的一種有效研究方法;另一方面,提取出的紋理元素還可以用于紋理的合成,亦可以由此產(chǎn)生新的紋理圖像,為紋理圖像的轉(zhuǎn)移、紋理圖像的組合、紋理圖像的設(shè)計(jì)打好基礎(chǔ),奠定有力的前提條件。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)紋理圖像中重復(fù)紋理元素的提取,本文通過對(duì)現(xiàn)有重復(fù)元素提取方法的分析總結(jié)與研究,提出了一種交互式紋理圖像中重復(fù)紋理元素提取算法,該算法能夠在用戶提供少量交互的情況下,較好地實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)紋理圖像中具有相關(guān)性的顏色或紋理特征的重復(fù)紋理元素的同時(shí)提取。我們通過大量實(shí)驗(yàn),充分驗(yàn)證了本文算法的有效性與實(shí)用性。本文算法的組織結(jié)構(gòu)主要分為以下幾點(diǎn):1.算法采用顏色聚類方法將源紋理圖像分割成獨(dú)立且不連通的圖像子塊區(qū)域,并以此構(gòu)建圖像子塊區(qū)域之間的連通關(guān)系;2.算法通過將顏色特征度量方式與紋理特征度量相結(jié)合的方式,定義一個(gè)更加魯棒的相似性度量公式,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)紋理特征與顏色特征共同作用的紋理圖像中紋理元素之間的高質(zhì)量相似性判斷;3.算法通過結(jié)合顏色特征與紋理特征的相似性度量公式,進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)優(yōu)化的圖割模型,從而最終實(shí)現(xiàn)準(zhǔn)確地捕獲具有外觀相似特征的紋理元素。本文從外觀特征綜合性著手,建立一種更有效更全面的度量機(jī)制,避免一種分割算法僅對(duì)具有一種特定外觀特征的紋理圖像有效的弊端,綜合相應(yīng)特征提取紋理圖像中的重復(fù)紋理元素。通過綜合比對(duì)大量實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),證明了本文算法針對(duì)前/背景顏色相近的紋理圖像中的紋理元素的提取有較大改善,并且大大提高了現(xiàn)有圖像分割算法的時(shí)間效率。
[Abstract]:The extraction of repeated texture elements in texture image is to extract the data structure which has the same or similar characteristics (i.e. texture element) of the texture image. The purpose of repeated texture element extraction is to recognize the region with similar visual features in texture image, simplify or change the representation of the image, and make the complex texture image a simple and independent combination of single texture elements. In order to make the image easier to be understood and analyzed by computer, it also provides the necessary prerequisite for subjective reconstruction and design of texture image. The image segmentation usually refers to the following rules: some regions represent the basic structure of the target texture elements, and others represent the homogeneous region which is different from the target, that is, the texture background region. On the one hand, the extraction of texture elements can decompose the texture image into an independent unit module, and the independent texture element represents the basic composition of the texture image. Therefore, using the extracted texture elements effectively to analyze the topological structure of the original texture image is an effective research method for the composition structure of the texture image; on the other hand, the extracted texture elements can also be used for texture synthesis. It can also produce new texture images, which can lay a good foundation for the transfer of texture images, the combination of texture images and the design of texture images. In order to extract repetitive texture elements from texture images, this paper presents an algorithm for extracting repetitive texture elements from interactive texture images by analyzing and summarizing the existing methods. The algorithm can extract the repeated texture elements of the relevant color or texture feature in the texture image at the same time with a small amount of interaction provided by the user. Through a large number of experiments, we fully verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed algorithm. The organizational structure of this algorithm is divided into the following points: 1. The algorithm uses color clustering method to divide the source texture image into independent and disconnected sub-regions of the image, and then constructs the connectivity relationship between the sub-regions of the image blocks. The algorithm defines a more robust similarity measurement formula by combining color feature metrics with texture feature metrics. The high quality similarity judgment between texture elements in texture image is realized. By combining the similarity measurement formula between color features and texture features, the algorithm further improves the optimized graph cutting model, so that the texture elements with similar appearance features can be captured accurately. In this paper, a more effective and comprehensive measurement mechanism is established to avoid the disadvantage that a segmentation algorithm is only effective for texture images with a specific appearance feature. The repeated texture elements are extracted from the texture image by combining the corresponding features. Through comprehensive comparison of a large number of experimental data, it is proved that the proposed algorithm can improve the extraction of texture elements in texture images with similar front / background colors, and greatly improve the time efficiency of existing image segmentation algorithms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41

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