【摘要】：在科學(xué)技術(shù)急速發(fā)展的今天,通過計算機軟件解決各行各業(yè)的實際問題是一種行之有效的提高生產(chǎn)效率的策略,當(dāng)人們運用基礎(chǔ)理論和知識解決實際問題時,不可避免的會遇到大量重復(fù)且繁瑣的工作,若是有相應(yīng)的軟件得以開發(fā)利用,對于解決實際生產(chǎn)問題,提高生產(chǎn)效率具有重要作用。在諸多行業(yè)中,生命科學(xué)行業(yè)無疑是一類新興的行業(yè),該行業(yè)是以前沿研究型學(xué)科為依托,將基礎(chǔ)的研究理論轉(zhuǎn)化為一定的生產(chǎn)力從而進一步服務(wù)于上游的科研和下游的生產(chǎn)生活中,是一個十分有前景的新興行業(yè)。目前生命科學(xué)類行業(yè)在歐美等發(fā)達國家體系較為完善,在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、醫(yī)藥和疾病診斷等行業(yè)具有鮮活的生命力并創(chuàng)造了大量的價值,隨著該行業(yè)的進一步發(fā)展,運用計算機軟件技術(shù)提高該行業(yè)的運作效率無疑是其中的重中之重。在歐美等國家,以生命科學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的計算機軟件開發(fā)較為順利,人們開發(fā)了大量的軟件及算法服務(wù)于生物學(xué)研究的各個方面及一部分實際生產(chǎn)中。當(dāng)然,由于該領(lǐng)域是一個新興領(lǐng)域,應(yīng)用于科研類的軟件較多。相比于國外生物領(lǐng)域軟件的繁榮,國內(nèi)則還處于起步階段,這主要是由于該類軟件的開發(fā)需要開發(fā)者應(yīng)同時精通計算機軟件編程和生物類基礎(chǔ)知識兩部分,或是分別有兩者背景的人通力合作方能完成,國內(nèi)的生物學(xué)研究應(yīng)該已經(jīng)步入了穩(wěn)步發(fā)展階段,但距離自成一個體系仍有一段距離,而國內(nèi)科研人員所運用的生物學(xué)軟件仍以外文軟件為主,少有自主研發(fā)的軟件,而服務(wù)于生產(chǎn)的軟件更是空白,這對于高效開展生物學(xué)研究并轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力是不利的。所以分析生物類軟件的開發(fā)現(xiàn)狀并根據(jù)其潛在的應(yīng)用前景提出可能的發(fā)展趨勢是一個具有前瞻性的課題。據(jù)此,本文將首先細致的分析國內(nèi)外生物類軟件的開發(fā)現(xiàn)狀,著重介紹各類著名的國外的生物軟件,這里包括依托網(wǎng)站及數(shù)據(jù)庫建立的軟件,分類總結(jié)各類軟件的優(yōu)缺點,提出可能的改進方向,其次,探索本國合適的軟件開發(fā)道路,根據(jù)我國現(xiàn)有的生物學(xué)發(fā)展趨勢歸納我國軟件開發(fā)應(yīng)該注意的問題以便完善需求分析,最后提出一些可能的軟件設(shè)計構(gòu)想,包括系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計,需求分析,和編程語言選擇。是國內(nèi)的生物軟件研發(fā)不在空白。綜上所述,本文的立論依據(jù)在于:在國內(nèi)生物類軟件開發(fā)空白的大背景下,通過收集和分析現(xiàn)有的相關(guān)著名生物學(xué)軟件的優(yōu)缺點,尋找國內(nèi)生命科學(xué)類軟件可能的發(fā)展趨勢,為更好的服務(wù)于生命科學(xué)研究和下游的實際生產(chǎn)提供幫助。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, it is an effective strategy to improve production efficiency to solve practical problems in various industries by computer software. When people use basic theory and knowledge to solve practical problems, It is inevitable to encounter a large number of repetitive and tedious work. If the corresponding software can be developed and utilized, it will play an important role in solving practical production problems and improving production efficiency. Among many industries, the life science industry is undoubtedly a new kind of industry, which is based on the frontier research discipline. It is a promising new industry to transform the basic research theory into a certain productivity so as to further serve the upstream scientific research and downstream production and life. At present, the life science industry is relatively perfect in the developed countries, such as Europe and the United States. It has a lively vitality and creates a great deal of value in the fields of agricultural production, medicine and disease diagnosis. With the further development of the industry, The use of computer software technology to improve the efficiency of the industry is undoubtedly the most important. In Europe and America, the development of computer software based on life science is relatively smooth. People have developed a large number of software and algorithms to serve all aspects of biological research and part of the actual production. Of course, because this field is a new field, there are more applications in scientific research. Compared with the prosperity of foreign biology software, China is still in its infancy, which is mainly because the development of this kind of software requires developers to be proficient in both computer software programming and biological basic knowledge. Or if people from both backgrounds can work together to complete it, domestic biological research should have entered a steady stage of development, but it is still a long way from being a system of its own. However, the biological software used by domestic researchers is still mainly foreign language software, there are few self-developed software, and the software serving for production is even blank, which is disadvantageous to carrying out biological research efficiently and transforming it into productivity. Therefore, it is a prospective subject to analyze the current situation of the development of biological software and put forward the possible development trend according to its potential application prospect. Based on this, this paper will first carefully analyze the current situation of the development of biological software at home and abroad, focusing on the introduction of all kinds of famous foreign biological software, including the software based on website and database, and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of software. The possible direction of improvement is put forward. Secondly, we should explore the suitable way of software development in our country, sum up the problems that should be paid attention to in software development in our country according to the current trend of biological development in our country, in order to perfect the requirement analysis. Finally, some possible software design ideas are proposed, including system overall design, requirements analysis, and programming language selection. Is the domestic research and development of biological software is not blank. To sum up, the basis of this paper is: under the background of the blank development of domestic biological software, through the collection and analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the existing well-known biological software, we can find the possible development trend of domestic biological science software. To provide better service for life science research and practical production downstream.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP311.52

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