車聯(lián)網中匿名認證方案與安全協(xié)議的研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-13 13:56
【摘要】：車聯(lián)網是一種可以使車輛實時連接到網絡并獲取多方面信息的解決方案,是物聯(lián)網在智能交通中的表現(xiàn)形式。通過在車輛上裝置車載通信單元并在道路周圍布設網絡基站,使車輛之間以及車輛和網絡服務器之間可以安全快捷的交換信息。車聯(lián)網作為未來智能交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,旨在達到兩個主要目的。第一,車輛通過車聯(lián)網獲取周邊的實時交通狀況和車輛情況,以減少交通事故的發(fā)生和改善交通效率。第二,車輛可以在行駛過程中接入互聯(lián)網,向駕駛員提供新聞資訊、社交、娛樂等網絡服務,改善駕駛體驗。車聯(lián)網是一種移動自組織網絡,通信過程中會面臨各種網絡威脅。這些威脅可能會干擾網絡通信以破壞車聯(lián)網的可用性,也可能會偽造或篡改信息欺騙車輛用戶。而由于車聯(lián)網應用環(huán)境的特殊性,這些威脅都可能會影響車輛的正常行駛,甚至導致嚴重的交通事故。而且,車聯(lián)網具有大規(guī)模的網絡結構和開放的無線信道,車輛用戶的身份、位置等隱私信息每時每刻都暴露在網絡中。如果這些隱私信息不能被保護起來,車聯(lián)網中的通信將會造成用戶的隱私泄露,影響車聯(lián)網的體系安全,并且給車輛用戶帶來很多麻煩。因此,本文針對車聯(lián)網中的網絡安全問題,深入研究車聯(lián)網的匿名認證方案和安全協(xié)議,主要內容包括以下幾個方面。1.介紹了車聯(lián)網的發(fā)展狀況和應用前景,概括了車聯(lián)網安全研究的系統(tǒng)框架和研究方法。對車聯(lián)網中的隱私保護和安全問題的研究現(xiàn)狀進行了調研,分析了各個研究工作的優(yōu)缺點,總結其中仍未能得到解決的安全問題。2.提出了一種高效的條件隱私保護和安全認證方案。方案使用基于假名的簽名用于身份認證,并且利用批認證的方法提高通信和計算效率。然后對該方案進行了嚴格的安全分析,表明該方案可以抵抗不同種類的攻擊,滿足車聯(lián)網的安全需求。最后從計算代價和通信開銷兩方面分別評估了該方案的性能,結果表明該方案比現(xiàn)存的其他方案更加適合于車聯(lián)網中的通信服務。3.從車輛行駛路線的角度,以K匿名的思想為基礎,采用虛擬位置和路徑混淆的方法,提出一種新穎的車輛位置隱私保護方案。在車輛使用基于位置的服務時,會將位置信息作為LBS請求的內容之一發(fā)送到服務器。當車聯(lián)網面臨可能的網絡攻擊者和惡意服務器時,僅僅更改車輛的假名是不能夠完全保證位置信息不被泄露的。本文引入虛擬位置的概念,利用周圍車輛的位置達到軌跡混淆的效果,進而保護車輛的位置隱私。并且本文設計了交通仿真實驗,對該方案進行了完善的性能分析及對比。結果表明,本文方案比現(xiàn)有其他各種類型的位置隱私保護方案都具有明顯的性能優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:Vehicle networking is a solution that enables vehicles to connect to the network in real time and obtain many kinds of information. It is the manifestation of the Internet of things in intelligent transportation. By installing a vehicle-mounted communication unit on a vehicle and placing a network base station around a road, information can be exchanged safely and quickly between vehicles and network servers. As an important part of the future intelligent transportation system, vehicle networking aims to achieve two main purposes. First, the vehicle can obtain the real-time traffic condition and the vehicle condition through the vehicle network in order to reduce the traffic accident and improve the traffic efficiency. Second, the vehicle can access the Internet while driving, provide news, social, entertainment and other network services to drivers, and improve the driving experience. Vehicle networking is a kind of mobile ad-organization network, which will face various network threats in the communication process. These threats may interfere with network communications to undermine the availability of car networking, or falsify or tamper with information to deceive vehicle users. Due to the particularity of the application environment, these threats may affect the normal running of vehicles and even lead to serious traffic accidents. Moreover, the vehicle network has a large network structure and open wireless channel, the identity, location and other privacy information of vehicle users are exposed to the network every moment. If these privacy information can not be protected, the communication in the vehicle network will cause the privacy leakage of the users, affect the security of the system of the vehicle network, and bring a lot of trouble to the vehicle users. Therefore, aiming at the problem of network security in vehicle networking, this paper deeply studies the anonymous authentication scheme and security protocol of vehicle networking. The main content includes the following aspects. 1. This paper introduces the development and application prospect of vehicle networking, and summarizes the system framework and research methods of vehicle networking safety research. This paper investigates the research status of privacy protection and safety problems in vehicle networking, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each research work, and summarizes the safety problems. An efficient conditional privacy protection and security authentication scheme is proposed. A pseudonym based signature is used for identity authentication and batch authentication is used to improve communication and computing efficiency. Then a strict security analysis is carried out to show that the scheme can resist different kinds of attacks and meet the security requirements of vehicle networking. Finally, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of computational cost and communication overhead. The results show that the proposed scheme is more suitable for communication services in vehicle networking than other existing schemes. From the point of view of vehicle route, based on the idea of K anonymity, a novel vehicle location privacy protection scheme is proposed by using the method of virtual location and path confusion. When a vehicle uses a location-based service, location information is sent to the server as part of the LBS request. When the vehicle network faces possible network attackers and malicious servers, simply changing the pseudonym of the vehicle can not completely guarantee that the location information will not be leaked. In this paper, the concept of virtual location is introduced, and the location of the surrounding vehicle is used to achieve the effect of locus confusion, and then the location privacy of the vehicle is protected. And the traffic simulation experiment is designed in this paper, and the performance of the scheme is analyzed and compared. The results show that the proposed scheme has obvious performance advantages over other types of location privacy protection schemes.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U463.6;U495;TP309
本文編號：2119598
[Abstract]:Vehicle networking is a solution that enables vehicles to connect to the network in real time and obtain many kinds of information. It is the manifestation of the Internet of things in intelligent transportation. By installing a vehicle-mounted communication unit on a vehicle and placing a network base station around a road, information can be exchanged safely and quickly between vehicles and network servers. As an important part of the future intelligent transportation system, vehicle networking aims to achieve two main purposes. First, the vehicle can obtain the real-time traffic condition and the vehicle condition through the vehicle network in order to reduce the traffic accident and improve the traffic efficiency. Second, the vehicle can access the Internet while driving, provide news, social, entertainment and other network services to drivers, and improve the driving experience. Vehicle networking is a kind of mobile ad-organization network, which will face various network threats in the communication process. These threats may interfere with network communications to undermine the availability of car networking, or falsify or tamper with information to deceive vehicle users. Due to the particularity of the application environment, these threats may affect the normal running of vehicles and even lead to serious traffic accidents. Moreover, the vehicle network has a large network structure and open wireless channel, the identity, location and other privacy information of vehicle users are exposed to the network every moment. If these privacy information can not be protected, the communication in the vehicle network will cause the privacy leakage of the users, affect the security of the system of the vehicle network, and bring a lot of trouble to the vehicle users. Therefore, aiming at the problem of network security in vehicle networking, this paper deeply studies the anonymous authentication scheme and security protocol of vehicle networking. The main content includes the following aspects. 1. This paper introduces the development and application prospect of vehicle networking, and summarizes the system framework and research methods of vehicle networking safety research. This paper investigates the research status of privacy protection and safety problems in vehicle networking, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each research work, and summarizes the safety problems. An efficient conditional privacy protection and security authentication scheme is proposed. A pseudonym based signature is used for identity authentication and batch authentication is used to improve communication and computing efficiency. Then a strict security analysis is carried out to show that the scheme can resist different kinds of attacks and meet the security requirements of vehicle networking. Finally, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of computational cost and communication overhead. The results show that the proposed scheme is more suitable for communication services in vehicle networking than other existing schemes. From the point of view of vehicle route, based on the idea of K anonymity, a novel vehicle location privacy protection scheme is proposed by using the method of virtual location and path confusion. When a vehicle uses a location-based service, location information is sent to the server as part of the LBS request. When the vehicle network faces possible network attackers and malicious servers, simply changing the pseudonym of the vehicle can not completely guarantee that the location information will not be leaked. In this paper, the concept of virtual location is introduced, and the location of the surrounding vehicle is used to achieve the effect of locus confusion, and then the location privacy of the vehicle is protected. And the traffic simulation experiment is designed in this paper, and the performance of the scheme is analyzed and compared. The results show that the proposed scheme has obvious performance advantages over other types of location privacy protection schemes.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U463.6;U495;TP309
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